Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Oils ; Pneumonia, Aspiration ; chemically induced

Background The aspheric intraocular lenses(IOLs)can reduce ocular spherical aberration to some degree.However,the clinical effect depends more on the IOL proper alignment.It becomes more important to study the IOL position in eye,Objective This study was to analyze the position alteration of IOL after phacoemulsification combined with implantation of one-piece soft IOLs.Methods In this prospective control study,80 eyes of 40 patients with age-related cataract were enrolled.The phacoemulsification with IOL implantation was performed in all the eyes.Decentration and tilt of IOL in the nasal superior,superior temporal,inferior temporal and nasal inferior quadrants(the intersection point of the system optical axis and the IOL maximum cross plane were regarded as the ordinate origin)were measured by rotating Scheimpflug camera(Pentacam Oculus)in 3 months postoperatively under the mydriasis condition.Written informed consent was obtained from each subject prior to this trial.Results In the right eye group,the IOL decentered toward temporal in 26 eyes(65％)and infratemporal in 16 eyes(40％).IOLs tilted temporally in the horizontal plane in 37 eyes(92.5％)and tilted inferiorly in the vertical plane in 34 eyes(85.0％).In the left eye group,IOLs decentered temporally 33 eyes(82.5％)and 20 IOLs (50％)infratemporally,IOLs tilted temporally in the horizontal plane in 37 eye(92.5％)and 36 IOLs(90％)tilted inferiorly in the vertical plane.There was no statistical difference for the intercomparsion of horizontal/vertical decentration in various quadrant in the right eye(F =0.221,0.792,P＞0.05).The obvious elevated horizontal decentration was found in the supertemporal and infratemporal quadrants compared with supernasal quadrant in the left eyes but there was no significant difference in the vertical decentration among 3 quadrants(F=0.576,P＞0.05).Decentrations were positively correlated with the tilt in both horizontal and vertical plane(right eye horizontal plane:r=0.374,P=0.002;right eye vertical plane:r=0.402,P=0.001 ;left eye horizontal plane:r=0.377,P=0.002；left eye vertical plane:r=0.347,P=0.002).Conclusions The one-piece soft IOLs(Adapt AO)decenter toward temporal mostly in 3 months after surgery,especially infratemporally in the eye.And the optical axis of the IOL tilt toward infratemperol mostly in both right and left eyes.The decentration and tilt are consisted in the corresponding direction between the right and left eyes.The position of the IOLs showed mirror symmetry between right and left eyes.The IOLs decentration show the positively correlation to tilt whatever in horizontal and vertical plane.

Objective To investigate the effects of lipopolysaccharide(LPS) on myelin phagocytosis during Wallerian degeneration after early peripheral nerve injury in rats.Methods Fifty male Wistar rats were recruited and randomly divided into LPS group(n=20),model group(n=20) and sham group(n=10).The right sciatic nerves of rats in the LPS and model groups were cut and sutured end-to-end,while the sciatic nerve of sham group rats were only exposed.Immediately after surgery,the rats in LPS group were given microinjections of LPS(2 g/L) into the surgical site in a final volume of 1 μL,and the rats in other two groups were injected with the same volume of saline.The sciatic nerves were taken at 1.5 h,24 h and 7d after surgery.Real-time quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR) was applied to detect the dynamic expressions of IL-1β mRNA and MCP-1 mRNA.Immunofluorescence staining was used to test the expression of CD68+ macrophages in sciatic nerves.HE staining was used to observe the pathological alterations of sciatic nerves tissue.ORO staining was used to observe sciatic nerves demyelination.LFB staining was used to detect the sciatic nerves myelin.Sciatic function index was used to evaluate the recovery of motor function in rats.Results Compared with the model group,qRT-PCR indicated that the expression of IL-1β and MCP-1 from LPS group were increased at 1.5 h and 24 h after surgery(P<0.001, P<0.001),respectively.Compared with the model group,the expression of CD68+ cells was increased significantly at 7th day after surgery(P<0.05).Histological examination showed that compared with the model group,a lot of inflammatory cells and Schwann cells were found at sciatic nerve stump in the LPS group at 7th day after operation.ORO staining showed that the degree of demyelination in the LPS group was higher than that in the model group.LFB staining showed that the sciatic nerve stump demyelination appeared in both model group and the LPS group at 7th day after operation,but compared with the model group,myelin debris clearance in the LPS group was significantly accelerated(P<0.05).Finally,compared with the model group,the SFI in the LPS group was increased significantly at 20 d after surgery(P<0.05).Conclusions The results confirm that LPS is possible to manipulate the innate immune response to accelerate myelin clearance during Wallerian degeneration after early peripheral nerve injury in rats.

Acetaminophen (APAP, also known as paracetamol)-induced liver injury is the leading cause of drug-induced liver injury in the world. Wuzhi Tablet (WZ, an ethanol extract of Schisandra sphenanthera) is widely used in clinical practice to protect liver function. Our previous studies have shown that pretreatment with WZ for 3 days can significantly protect against APAP-induced liver injury; however, the effect of different intervals between APAP and WZ treatment on APAP-induced liver injury remains unclear. In this study, the change in liver injury indexes, APAP metabolites, and the activity of cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes after treatment with WZ and APAP at different intervals were determined. The animal experiment was reviewed and approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Sun Yat-sen University. The results show that 0 h, 0.5 h, and 2 h pretreatment with WZ significantly protected against APAP-induced liver injury in mice, as evidenced by a significant decrease in biochemical parameters such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and malonaldehyde (MDA). WZ inhibited the metabolic activation of APAP mediated by CYP450 enzymes and reduced the formation of APAP metabolites. This study further demonstrates that pretreatment with WZ at different intervals (0 h, 0.5 h, and 2 h before APAP dosing) exerts a significant hepatoprotective effect against APAP-induced liver injury, and a single-dose of WZ inhibits the activity of CYP450 enzymes related to APAP metabolic activation, thereby protecting against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity.

Objective:To investigate the antioxidant activity of Maca polysaccharides in vitro.Methods:A chemical reaction system was established to explore the scavenging activity of Maca polysaccharides within the concentration range of 0.18-5.00 mg ·ml-1on hydroxyl radicals (·OH),superoxide anion free radicals (O2-·) and DPPH·,and then the total antioxidant capacity was calculated. The protective effects of Maca polysaccharides on H2O2-induced damage in SH-SY5Y cells were determined. SH-SY5Y cells were divided into the control group,H2O2model group and Maca polysaccharide groups(25,50,100 μg·ml-1). In the Maca polysaccharide groups,SH-SY5Y cells were pre-protected by Maca polysaccharides for 24 h, and then incubated in the presence of 300 μmol·L-1H2O2for 6 h. The detection index was SH-SY5Y cell viability detected by MTT assay. Results:Maca polysaccharide within the concentration range of 0.18-5.0 mg·ml-1all exhibited strong scavenging activity on·OH,O2-· and DPPH·in a dose-dependent manner. When the concentration of Maca polysaccharides reached 2.5 mg·ml-1,the scavenging rate was 60.36% for DPPH·,34.66% for O2-·and 36.01% for·OH,the total antioxidant activity was equivalent to 0.179 μmol FeSO4. Maca polysaccharides at the concentration of 25, 50 and 100 μg·ml-1all showed significant protective effects on H2O2-induced injury in SH-SY5Y cells, and the cell survival rate was 61.71 ± 2.45%,61.73 ± 4.51% and 60.98 ± 3.12%, respectively,which were all significantly higher than those in the model group (P < 0.05). Conclusion:Maca polysaccharides has good antioxidant activity,which is worthy of further research and development as a natural antioxidant.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate clinical effects of posterior root tear of lateral meniscus through bone tunnel suture under arthroscopy. METHODS: From January 2012 to December 2014, 23 patients with posterior root tear of lateral meniscus repaired through bone tunnel suture under arthroscopy, including 15 males and 8 females, aged from 19 to 48 years old with an average age of (25.0±4.7) years old; 10 knees on the left side and 13 knees on the right side. Complications were observed, Lysholm score before and after operation at 12 months were used to evaluate clinical results, and VAS score was applied to assess pain relief. MRI was used to check recovery outcomes of lateral meniscus injury. RESULTS: All patients were followed up from 13 to 24 months with an average of (17.0±4.3) months. No injury of vessels, nerve and incision infection occurred. Motion of knee joint of 19 patients reached normal, 4 patients manifested limited activity of knee joint at12 months after operation. Postoperative Lysholm score 88.52±6.48 at 12 months was higher than that of before operation 46.12±7.35; Postoperative VAS score 0.8±0.7 at 12 months was lower than that of before operation 4.3±1.6. CONCLUSIONS Bone tunnel suture under arthroscopy for the treatment of posterior root tear of lateral meniscus could relieve pain, decrease postoperative complications and obtain good clinical efficacy.
Adult ; Arthroscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Knee Injuries ; Male ; Menisci, Tibial ; Middle Aged ; Sutures ; Tibial Meniscus Injuries ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To establish a method for determination of aspirin(ASP)and salicylic acid(SA)in plasma of children with kawasaki disease by high performance liquid chromatography-isotope dilution mass spectrometry(HPLC-IDMS).Methods The samples were pre-treated by precipitation protein method with organic solvent.ASP-D4 and SA-D4 were used as isotope internal standards.Chromatographic column:Phenomenex Kinetex? XB C18(2.6 mm × 50.0 mm,3.0μm);flow phase:0.1％formic acid-water(A)and acetonitrile(B),gradient elution;flow speed:0.5 mL·min-1;injection volume:6 μL.The detection method of mass spectrometry was negative ion mode,multireaction monitoring mode for quantitative analysis.Results The linear range of aspirin was 1.02-4 000 ng·mL-1(r2=0.995 4),and lower limit of quantification(LLOQ)was 1.02 ng·mL-1.The linear range of salicylic acid was 1.28-5 000 ng·mL-1(r2=0.998 5),and LLOQ was 1.28 ng·mL-1.Accuracy,precision,matrix effect and stability were in line with the provisions of Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 edition).Conclusion This study determined the blood concentration of aspirin and salicylic acid in children with HPLC-IDMS,which is rapid,simple,stable,economical,and high specificity.It can be applied to therapeutic drug monitoring of aspirin and salicylic acid in clinical children with kawasaki disease.

OBJECTIVE: To detect pathological variant in two patients with Chediak-Higashi syndrome (CHS) from a consanguineous family and to explore its genotype-phenotype correlation. METHODS: Clinical data was collected for this pedigree. Genomic DNA was prepared from probands' peripheral leukocytes and their relatives' fingernail. Whole exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing were carried out to detect potential variant of the LYST gene. RESULTS: The proband presented with partial oculocutaneous albinism, immunodeficiency and acidophilic inclusion body in bone marrow and blood smears. A novel homozygous nonsense variant c.8782C>T (p.Gln2928*) was identified in exon 34 of the LYST gene in the sib pair. The same variant was found to be in heterozygous status in 6 unaffected individuals from the pedigree. CONCLUSION Above result enriched the mutational spectrum of CHS and provided a basis for genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis for this pedigree.
Chediak-Higashi Syndrome ; genetics ; Exons ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Mutation ; Pedigree ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Vesicular Transport Proteins ; genetics ; Whole Exome Sequencing

OBJECTIVETo investigate the efficacy and the surgical techniques of transnasal endoscopic procedure for juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA).

METHODSTwenty-one nasopharyngeal angiofibroma patients were treated using transnasal endoscopic approach. They were divided into group A (without intracranial extension) and group B (minimal intracranial extension) according to the staging of Sessions. The patients were treated mostly with endoscopic surgery. In two midfacial operations cases, endoscopy was also used. The staging, average blood loss during surgery, tumor residual, and (or) recurrent tumor were evaluated.

RESULTSGroup A (19 cases) had an average blood loss of 1000 ml. Nineteen patients had no residual or recurrent tumor over a follow-up of 8-24 months. Group B (2 cases) had an average blood loss of 1500 ml. One of the patients had minimal residual tumor around the cavernous sinus, but showed no progression over a follow-up of 2 years. Another patient had no residual or recurrent tumor over a follow-up of 8 months.

CONCLUSIONSThe data suggests that transnasal endoscopic surgical techniques can be used to treat JNA which either limited to nasal and nasopharyngeal cavities or and the tumor with sphenoid and ethmoid invasions and even minimal intracranial extension.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Angiofibroma ; surgery ; Child ; Endoscopy ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Nose ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the biomechanical stability of the acetabular fracture with three different internal fixation methods.

METHODSSixteen both-column acetabular fracture models were randomly divided into three groups:The specimens of 16 hip joints were randomly divided into 4 groups. Among them, 1 group of complete acetabulum were used as normal control group, and the other 3 groups simulated two column fracture models and were fixed in the following methods, respectively: anterior wall with screw and posterior with plate(SP), anterior wall with plate and posterior wall with screw(PS) and both wall with plate (PP). The degree of fracture displacement and the contact characteristics of the acetabulum were recorded by continuous vertical loading.

RESULTSThe mean longitudinal displacement under the load 800 N of SP, PS and PP three groups were (1.92±0.81), (2.09±1.13) and (3.44±0.75) mm, there was significant difference between SP and PP group (0.033). And the mean horizontal displacement of SP, PS and PP three groups were(0.63±0.33), (0.77±0.45) and (1.44±0.56) mm, there was significant difference between SP and PP group(0.047).Compared with normal control group in the acetabular area under the loading 800 N, the contact area of SP, PS and PP groups were increased by 6%, 9% and 27%, there was significant difference between PP and normal control group (0.027). Meanwhile, the mean stress of SP, PS and PP groups were increased by 4%, 29% and 39%, there was significant difference between PP and intact acetabulum group (0.003).

CONCLUSIONSAnterior column screw combined with posterior column plate has better biomechanical stability and contact characteristics than other two methods.