Objective To monitor the activities of orbicularis oculi muscle by analyzing the electroneurogram (ENG) of its innervating nerve. Methods The ENG was recorded in vivo by a cuff electrode implanted around a dog’s zygomatic branch of facial nerve. The differences between the ENG during relaxing period of the orbicularis oculi muscle and during the constricting period were analyzed to explore a way to monitor the muscle activities. Results The ENG signals indicating occurrences of eye blinking events were extracted in the study. Time-frequency analysis showed that there was no ENG difference when the orbicularis oculi muscle was in relaxing periods no mater whether it was in the nature eye-opening period or in the interval of eye blinking. The ENG of orbicularis oculi muscle in constricting period was different from the ENG in relaxing period at amplitude and frequency. Conclusion It is feasible to monitor the orbicularis oculi muscle activities by ENG analysis.

Objective:3D hydrogel cell model was established,and cyclic compressive loading on MC3T3-E1 cell with different intensities,frequencies and durations was applied,in order to research the suitable solution about promoting the osteoblast differentiation with cyclic compression.Methods:Cyclic compressive loading on MC3T3-E1 cell was applied with different intensity,frequency and time.After compressive loading finished,the total RNA extraction from cell-gel constructs were performed and quantified ATF4,ALP,Runx2,Osteocalcin,RANKL and RANK mRNA.Results:RANKL and RANK mRNA expression significantly with different frequencies cyclic compressive loading (P ＜ 0.05),and ALP mRNA (P ＜ 0.05) and Runx2 mRNA (P ＜ 0.01) expression significantly with different intensities and frequencies cyclic compressive loading (P ＜ 0.05).Meanwhile,Runx2 mRNA expression with 4h significant higher than 12h (P ＜ 0.05),and RANKL mRNA expression with 4h significant lower than 12h (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion:Determine the stress intensity and frequency,1％ intensity,frequency of 0.5 Hz,4 h of cyclic compression intervention could promote the growth of osteoblasts-like cells in the 3D hydrogel model.

Animals ; Antioxidants ; metabolism ; Fatigue ; blood ; Female ; Hypericum ; chemistry ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo observe application value of multispectral animal living imaging technology in rats model of osteoarthritis.

METHODSFifteen male SD rats weighed (180 +/- 20) g (3 months old) were received intra-articular injection of iodoacetic acid for establishing osteoarthritis. Articular cavity of left knee of rats were injected into 50 microl iodoacetic acid. The same volume of sterile saline was injected into right knee articular cavity as control. X-ray living imaging and bone mineral density were observed at 2 and 4 weeks after establishment of model. After 4 weeks,rats were sacrificed and their bilateral joints were collected and determined histologically based on Collins classification and Kellgren-Lawrence classification.

RESULTSOsteoarthritis model was successfully established, compared with control group, model group showed typical manifestation of osteoarthritis, including irregular cartilage surface,osteophyte formation,joint deformity and cartilage defect,and combined with significant decrease of bone density (P < 0.01), while the decrease was not obvious in proximal tibia (P < 0.05). After 2 weeks, knee joints in model group was classified as Collins grade 1 and Kellgren-Lawrence grade 2,then classified as Collins grade 4 and Kellgren-Lawrence grade 3 after 4 weeks,control group showed smooth articular surface,normal joint space and intact cartilage surface, knee joints was classified as Collins and Kellgren-Lawrence grade 0, and bone density of distal femur and proximal tibia were normal.

CONCLUSIONMultispectral animal living imaging technology could be used in dynamic observation of living imaging and detection of bone density in the animal model of osteoarthritis, and it is significant for evaluation of osteoarthritis model, and its realted tesearch.

Animals ; Bone Density ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Osteoarthritis ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Radiography ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo investigate the incidence of testicular appendages, observe their morphology, and analyze their histopathological origins.

METHODSWe observed 67 testes in 54 patients (15 children and 39 adults) undergoing scrotal surgery, investigated the incidence of testicular appendages, and identified their histopathological origins. We used the Chi-square test to compare the findings from the children and adult patients, with P < 0.05 as statistically significant.

RESULTSThe detection rates of the appendix testis, appendix epididymis, paradidymis, vas aberrans superior, and vas aberrans inferior were 80.6% (54/67), 23.9% (16/67), 1.5% (1/67), 3.0% (2/67), and 1.5% (1/67), respectively. The incidence of testicular appendages was higher in children than in adults (93.3% vs 80.8%), but with no statistically significant difference (Chi2 = 1.339, P > 0.05), and that of the appendix testis and epididymis with pedicles was significantly higher in the former than in the latter (82.4% vs 54.7%, chi2 = 4.149, P < 0.05). Pathological examination showed that the appendix testis originated from the paramesonephric duct, while the appendix epididymis, paradidymis, vas aberrans superior, and vas aberrans inferior from the mesonephric duct.

CONCLUSIONTesticular appendages consist of five embryonic remnants, including appendix testis, appendix epididymis, paradidymis, vas aberrans superior, and vas aber- rans inferior. The appendix testis originates from the paramesonephric duct, and the other four from the mesonephric duct. The clinical implication of these testicular appendages is their tendency to torsion.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Epididymis ; pathology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Testis ; pathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo observe the therapeutic angiogenesis effect of naotai recipe (NR) on local ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury of rats by observing signaling pathway of hypoxia-inducible factor-lα (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).

METHODSTotally 120 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, namely, the normal control group (n =12), the sham-operation group (n =12), the I/R model group (n =48), and the NR group (n =48). Cerebral I/R injury models were established using thread suture method. Rats in the I/R model group and the NR group were sub-divided into 4 sub-groups according to the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th I/R day (n =12). The phenomenon of neovasculization was observed by immunofluorescence staining. The protein and mRNA expression levels of HIF-la, VEGF-A, and VEGFR II receptor were detected by RT-PCR.

RESULTSThere were a large amount of labels for neovasculization in the ischemic area of the NR group. Double-immunofluorescence labeling [vWF (red) and BrdU (green)] was observed in the NR group. Compared with the model group, the HIF-1α protein expression was obviously enhanced on the 1 st day of I/R (P <0.01), and the VEGF protein expression started to enhance on the 3rd day in the NR group (P <0.01). The VEGFR protein expression level was the highest in the NR group on the 5th day of I/R (P <0.01). The protein expression of VEGF and HIF-1α started to decrease on the 7th day of I/R.

CONCLUSIONNR could strengthen angiogenesis after I/R by elevating the expression of HIF-lα and activating HIF-lα/VEGF signaling pathway.

Animals ; Brain Ischemia ; metabolism ; Cerebral Infarction ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; genetics ; metabolism ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; metabolism ; Ischemia ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; Signal Transduction ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; biosynthesis

OBJECTIVETo search for the best therapy for simple obesity.

METHODSEighty cases were randomly divided into 3 groups. The body acupuncture group were treated based on the syndrome of heat of stomach and intestine, syndrome of spleen deficiency and stagnation of dampness, and syndrome of spleen and kidney yang-deficiency; the auricular and body acupuncture group were treated by the syndrome treatment of body acupuncture combined with auricular point sticking; the observation group were treated by the combined auricular and body acupuncture treatment plus moving cupping on back-shu points. Body weight, BMI, body fatd, blood lipids and clinically main symptoms before and after treatment were investigated.

RESULTSThe total effective rate was 69.6% in the body acupuncture group, 76.0%. in the auricular and body acupuncture group, and 90.6% treated in the observation group, with significant differences in the therapeutic effect, clinically main symptoms, external indexes of obesity and kidney ang-blood lipid metabolism between the observation group and the body acupuncture group. The various indexes in the auricular and body acupuncture group were superior to those iwere tthe body acupuncture group, with no significant differences in most indexes.

CONCLUSIONAuricular and body acupuncture combined with moving cupping at back-shu points has obvious therapeutic effect on simple obesity and this is a better therapy for simple obesity.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; Acupuncture, Ear ; methods ; Adult ; Cholesterol, LDL ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Obesity ; blood ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of H2O2 on the morphological pattern,vitality,proliferation,cycle period of rabbit intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus cells.

METHODSTen New Zealand white rabbits (2 to 3 kg, female) were used for isolating nucleus pulposus cells under sterilized condition. The culture solution with 15% FBS and DMEM/F12 (1:1) was applied for cell cultivation. After 90% cell fusion, the first generation was obtain and stimulated by H2O2 with different concentrations of 0 micromol/L (control group), 130 micromol/L,216 p.mol/L,360 Ipmol/L, 600 micromol/L,and 1000 micromol/L.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, there was little difference of the biological property (P>0.05) in 130 micromol/L and 216 micromol/L H202-treated groups. When the concentration of H2O2 attained 360 micromol/L, 600 micromol/L, and 1 000 micromol/L, the cells suffered aging,with increased cell vacuoles,decreased proliferation,and aging:related increase of 13-galactosidase dyeing. The cell cycle of many nucleus pulposus cells was blocked in G1 stage other than entering S stage. With increasing H2O2 concentrations, the aging degree was increased.

CONCLUSIONA certain concentration of H202 could induce early aging of nucleus pulposus cells,resulting in biological abnormalities of these cells.

Animals ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cellular Senescence ; drug effects ; Female ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; pharmacology ; Intervertebral Disc ; cytology ; drug effects ; Oxidative Stress ; Rabbits

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of Yougui Recipe, a kidney-supplementing and yang-activating formula which on the behavioral changes of rat of steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head (SANFH).

METHODSThirty Wistar rats were involved and were randomly divided into the blank control group (group A), the model group (group B) and the Yougui Recipe group (group C). SANFH models were established by injection of colibacillus endotoxin and prednisolone intramuscularly. Group C was lavaged with Yougui Recipe (10 ml/kg), while group A and group B were lavaged with the same amount of saline. The behavior of catch force, independent activities, the tail suspension, field experiment and water cleans maze experiment were observed after 6 weeks.

RESULTSCompared with Yougui Recipe, rats in model group: catch force and independent activity decreases; the tail suspension activities was less time. In the desert field experiments, the total distance in 10 min movement reduced significantly. In the water maze experiment, incubation period of escape had a long time obviously, total distance of activities reduced.

CONCLUSIONYougui Recipe can relieve the ethologic change of rat model of steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; toxicity ; Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Femur Head Necrosis ; chemically induced ; psychology ; Hindlimb Suspension ; Male ; Maze Learning ; drug effects ; Motor Activity ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Appearance of proteomics technology can fleetly filt and reveal specificity biomarkers of disease, this will help to reveal the pathogenesis of femur head necrosis and help early diagnosis, find more effective methods and therapeutic targets. At present, they are hot spots that find out the occurred mechanism,related proteins of early diagnosis and early treatment and its functional identification; set up the early related database; optimize the protein extraction methods for research of femur head necrosis. This article reviews the application of study technology of related proteins of femur head necrosis on bone tissue, serum,related animal model,and in order to provide further research ideas.
Early Diagnosis ; Femur Head Necrosis ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Humans ; Proteomics ; methods