Aim To observe the fluctuation of uric acid in serum after replicating rat hyperuricemia model with hypoxanthine、uricase inhibitor combined,and to discuss the method of continuity hyperuricemia replication on rats. Method Hypoxanthine was administered via stomach or bait vessel,uricase inhibitor was injected subcutaneouslly,then the relative biochemical indicators of rats were inspected respectively at different periods of time after replicating the model. Results When hypoxanthine(50 g HX?kg-1bait vessel or 100 g HX?kg-1bait vessel) was administered via bait vessel,uricase inhibitor(200mg?kg-1) was injected subcutaneouslly,the uric acid in serum of different groups were much higher than control group(P

Objective To study the influence of anti-Helicobacter pylori therapy on reflux esophagitis (RE) and Barrett's esophagus (BE). Methods Two hundred and sixty-two patients including 177 patients with RE and 85 patients with BE were divided into 2 groups: Group A,139 patients without Hp infection;Group B,123 patients with Hp infection, which was further divided into 2 groups (group B1 and group B2) randomly. The pa-tients in group A and B1 were treated with Losec 20 mg bid, domperidone 10 mg tid and colloidal bismuth pectin 100 mg tid for 8 weeks, group B2 were treated with 2 kinds of antibiotics which were chosen from 3 types of antibiot-ics including amoxicillin 500 mg bid, Clarithromycin 500 mg bid or tinidazole 500 mg bid for 2 weeks additional to the same treatment as group A and B1. Endoscopy, pathologic examination, 24 h esophagus pH value and bilirubin were measured before and after treatment. Results The overall rates of improvement on symptoms in the 3 groups were 95.0% (group A: 97.8% (136/139), group B1: 96.8% (60/62), group B2: 98.4% (60/61)), which was significantly different from that before treatment (P < 0.05). However, the overall effect rates were not significantly different among the 3 groups (P > 0.05). The overall effect rate based on endoscopy examination in the RE patients 92.9% (78/84),91.8% (45/49) and 88.6% (39/44) in group A,B1 and B2,respectively,and the differences were statistically significant among the 3 groups (P <0.05). The overall effect rates in the BE patients were about 35.0%,which showed non-significant effect compared to that before treatment (P >0.05). 24 hrs esophagus PH value and bilirubin were significantly improved in the 3 groups (P < 0.05), whereas the difference among the 3 groups were not significant (P > 0.05). Conclusions RE and BE patients with HP infection could be treated with anti-Helicobacter pylori therapy. However, systematic therapy of anti gastric acid, prokinetics and mucosa protector must be performed simultaneously. This might be effective in preventing the development of RE and BE in short term. The long term effect is still uncertain and large scale, long term clinical studies are needed.

Objective To investigate the dynamic abnormality of colon and anorectum in elderly patients with chronic functional constipation(CFC). Methods Forty-two elderly patients with CFC and twenty elderly healthy controls were selected. Total and segmental colonic transit time(CTT) were assessed radiographically by using oral radiopaque markers. Eight-lead water perfusion pressure measurement system and balloon were used to test the pressure and the perception threshold values of anus and rectum. Results (1) Total colonic transit time (TCTT) and sigmoid-rectum transit time (SRTT) were (49.0±16.4) h and (20.1±13.5) h in elderly patients with CFC, which were significantly prolonged compared with the controls [(25.2±7.7) h and (7.8±4.1) h, t=6.16 and 3.97,both P<0.05]. (2) The pressure of anal canal during defecation was (39.6±15.7) mmHg in elderly patients with CFC and (17.6±9.3) mm Hg in controls (t=5.79, P

Objective To investigate the relationship between the recurrence of Barrett esophagus (BE) and Helicobacter pylori (Hp) eradication therapy, according to endoscopic follow-up outcomes in the elderly patients with BE after endoscopic argon plasma coagulation (APC). Methods A total of 201 elderly patients were enrolled to be treated with APC, including 53 patients without Hp infection (control group) and 148 cases with Hp infection (infection group), then the infection group was randomly divided into two groups: infection group A (n=74) and infection group B (n=74). After APC, all patients were given acid suppression therapy with omeprazole infusion 40 mg twice daily for 7 days, then omeprazole capsules 20 mg twice a day orally, the overall time was 2months. The patients in infection group B received Hp eradication therapy with two of the following three kinds of antibiotics for 2 weeks: amoxicillin 500 mg twice a day, clarithromycin 500 mg twice a day and tinidazole 500 mg twice a day. All patients received reexamination of endoscopy and pathology, and underwent 24-hour esophageal pH test 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after treatment.Results By APC treatment for an average of 2.4 times (1-3 times), 1 month after treatment, all BE epithelium disappeared and stratified squamous epithelium was repaired completely. Reflux esophagitis (RE) and BE in some cases were found in 3 groups 3 months after therapy. The relapse incidence of RE was significantly increased at 6 months after therapy [control group: 22.6%, infection group A:12.2o%and infection group B: 17. 6%, t = 2.21, 2.17 and 2.30,P＜0. 05]. At 12 months after therapy, the relapse incidence of BE was significantly increased [control group: 22.6%, infection group A: 18.9% and infection group B: 23.0%, t=2.11, 2.19 and 2.32, P＜0. 05]. All patients presented pathological gastro-esophageal reflux (DeMeester index＞14.72) before treatment. At 1 month after therapy, all patients returned to normal DeMeester index[control group: 14.5, infection group A: 15.2 and infection group B: 12.0, t=2.09, 2.22 and 2.15, P＜0. 05]. At 6 months after treatment, DeMeester index increased (t=2.29, 2.33 and 2.14, P＜0.05). But there were no significant differences among 3 groups (P＞0. 05). Conclusions The elderly BE patients with HP infection in gastric antrum can receive APC treatment plus Hp eradication treatment, but it has no significant effect on long-term prognosis for BE patients. APC treatment can completely remove BE epithelium, long-term acid suppression therapy may delay recurrence of BE.

Objective To investigate the effect of Trimebutine maleate on reflux esophagitis in elderly patients.Methods A total of 160 elderly patients with typical esophageal reflux symptoms diagnosed as reflux esophagitis by gastroscope,with concomitant gastroesophageal disease confirmed by esophageal motility manometry and 24 h esophageal pH impedance monitoring acid reflux,were selected and retrospectively analyzed.All patients were treated with proton pump inhibitor(PPI) esomeprazole 20 mg tid,antecibum(AC)for 8 weeks,and randomly divided into four groups:group A (itopride hydrochloride 50 mg tid,AC),group B(citrate mosapride 5 mg tid,AC),group C (trimebutine maleate 200 mg tid,AC),group D(treated without prokinetic drugs).After 4 and 8 weeks of therapy,the symptom improvements were observed in the four groups.Endoscopy,esophageal motility manometry,24h esophageal pH impedance monitoring were performed in the 160 cases after 8 weeks of treatment.Results The total effective rate was 97.5％(39 cases),95.0％ (38 cases),92.5％(37 cases)and 77.5％(31 cases)in group A,B,C and D respectively after 8 weeks of treatment.Endoscopic examination showed that the cure rate was 70.0％ (28 cases),62.5％ (25cases),72.5％(29 cases),67.5％(27 cases),and the effective rate was 87.5％,(35 cases),92.5％(37 cases),87.5％(35 cases)and 87.5％(35 cases)in group A,B,C and D respectively after 8 weeks of treatment,without statistically significant differences in the cure rate and effective rate between the four groups.The results of esophageal motility manometry showed that the lower esophageal sphincter pressure(LESP),lower esophageal sphincter relaxation (LESR),lower esophageal peristaltic wave pressure(LEPP) and percentage of abnormal esophageal body contraction had significant difference before versus after treatment in group A and B,but not in control group.The improvements in the percentage of total time of pH＜4.0,the percentage of time of pH＜4 at standing position,the percentage of time of pH＜4 at supine position,supine reflux times,the times of supine reflux＞5 min,the longest reflux time(min)at supine position were more significant in group A,B and C than in group D.Compared with pre-treatment,the times of non-acid reflux were reduced significantly in group A,B and D(all P＜0.01),and there was a significant difference(P＜0.05)between the three (A,B,C)groups and group D(P＜0.05).There were significant differences in the times of reflux liquid and gas reflux between the group A,B and D(P＜0.05).The proximal reflux times were improved more significantly in group A,B and C after treatment than in control group(P＜0.05).Conclusions Prokinetic drugs combined with PPI therapy has better effect than single PPI application in improving the clinical symptoms and upper gastrointestinal motility in elderly patients with RE.Trimebutine maleate is safe and effective in the elderly,and has a similar effect on esophageal motility with mosapride citrate and itopride hydrochloride,which may be involved in selectively improving esophageal motility,lower esophageal sphincter pressure and gastric emptying function.

Objective To evaluate the advances in minimally invasive surgery treatment for hepatolithiasis. Methods Literatures about the advances in minimally invasive surgery treatment for hepatolithiasis were collected and reviewed. Results Hepatectomy and bile duct exploration using laparoscopy can get better effect. Fibrocholedochoscopy play an important role in the course of operation and after operation for hepatolithiasis. Conclusion The individualization treatment program should be used for hepatolithiasis. Association application of multipathway minimally invasive operation, such as laparoscopy, fibrocholedochoscopy and so on, can increase the cure rate of hepatolithiasis.

Objective: To investigate the effect of zinc sulfate and zinc methionine on growth and their possible regulating mechanism in mice. Method: Ninety male KM mice were randomly divided into three groups. The control group was fed on basal diet containing zinc of 11. 67 mg/kg 10d. The ZnSO4 group and Zn-Met group were fed on the diets supplemented with ZnSO4 or Zn-Met at 30 mg/kg(on the basis of Zn) for 10 d. Initial and final body weight,serum zinc concentration, growth hormone (GH),the levels of growth hormone receptor (GHR) and insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) mRNA were determined. Results: Both ZnSO4 and Zn-Met enhanced body weight and serum zinc concentration of mice,Zn-Met more effectively than ZnSO4 for body weight . Both forms of zinc had no effect on GH and the expression of GHR mRNA , but both up-regulated the expression of IGF-1 mRNA. As compared to ZnSO4, Zn-Met enhanced the level of IGF-1 mRNA significantly. Conclusion: Both ZnSO4 and Zn-Met had no effect on GH and the expression of GHR Mrna,but enhanced the expression of IGF-1 mRNA. Zn-Met enhanced the body weight gain and up-regulated IGF-1 mRNA expression more effectively than ZnSO4.

Objective:To study the protective effects of exogenous nucleotides on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)immunnostimulation and its mechanism.Method:Forty healthy Kunming mice were randomly divided into five groups:control group,nucleotides(NT)groups(4h,18h),nucleotides free(NF)groups(4h,18h).Control group and NF groups were fed with nucleotide-free diet.NT groups were fed with nucleotide-supplemented diet(0.25% nucleotides).On D 15,mice were lavaged with physiological saline(control)or LPS,and were killed 4 or 18 h later.Serum,liver,small intestine,and peritoneal macrophage were sampled in germfree state.Results:Hepatic Na+K+-ATPase,intestinal superoxide dismutase(SOD),serum total anti-oxidation ability,peritoneal macrophage-produced interleukin 10(IL-10)were increased,and intestinal malonaldehyde(MDA),serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT),intestinal myeloperoxidase(MPO),peritoneal macrophage-produced interleukin 1(IL-1)were decreased with nucleotides supplement.Conclusion:Exogenous nucleotides can help to maintain oxidation-antioxidation and inflammation-antiinflammation balance,and protect mice from injury under LPS immunostimulation.

Objective:To investigate the antihypertensive effects of mung bean protein,peanut protein and rice protein alcalase hydrolysates with in vitro angiotensin I-converting enzyme(ACE) inhibitory activity in spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR) . Method:The impact of digestive proteases on ACE inhibitory activity of hydrolysates of peanut,mung bean and rice protein isolates were evaluated under simulated gastrointestinal digestion and their antihypertensive effects were investigated in SHR after single oral administration. Results:All of three kinds of protein hydrolysates showed antihypertensive activities after single oral administration at a dose of 600 mg/kg bw,most potent in mung bean protein while least in peanut protein. There were no significant changes in the heart rate of SHR after oral administration of protein hydrolysates. Conclusion:Mung bean protein,peanut protein and rice protein hydrolysates all showed antihypertensive activity,but their potent inhibitory activities on ACE did not correlate with their antihypertensive activities found in SHR.

Objectives To study a correlation between Helicobacter pylori Infection and reflux esophagitis in the elderly.Methods In a prospective study,180 cases of elderly patients with confirmed diagnosis of reflux esophagitis were consecutively recruited in our hospital from 2010-2016 years.180 reflux esophagitis patients were divided into three groups:non-HP infection group(group A,n=78),and 102 HP infection patients were subdivided into B1 group(n=51)with single-drug therapy and B2 group(n=51)with multiple drugs therapy.The groups A and B1 were treated with only esomeprazole 20 mg/bid for 8 weeks.The group B2 was treated with esomeprazole 20 mg/bid for 8 weeks,colloidal bismuth 200 mg/bid for 2 weeks plus two kinds of antibiotics(taking any 2 of the following 3:Amoxicillin 1 000 mg/bid,Clarithromycin 500 mg/bid and tinidazole 500 mg/bid)for 2 weeks.Gastroscope and cognate biopsy,helicobacter pylori detection,and 24 h esophagus pH monitoring was performed before and after the therapy.Results Group A,B1 and B2 showed that the total effective rate of symptoms improvement were more than 95.0% in post-versus pre-treatment(P<0.05),the gastro scope evidence-based total effective rate of reflux esophagitis were 84.6%、80.4%、82.4%(66/78,41/51,42/51)after therapy(P<0.05),and 24 h esophagus pH was significantly improved(P<0.05)after therapy.But the differences in above indexes showed no statistical significance between three groups(P>0.05).After HP eradication therapy,HP negative rate was 90.2%(46/51)in multiple drugs group.Conclusions Reflux esophagitis in elderly patients with Helicobacter pylori infection can be treated with anti-HP drugs,but the treatment should include drugs inhibiting gastric acid,so as to effectively prevent the progress of reflux esophagitis.There is no clear correlation between irritation of esophagus by reflux contents and Helicobacter pylori infection.