To discuss the value of the diagnosis and treatment for the submucous myomas by hysteroscope. According to the data of hysteroscopic resection in the treatment of submucous fibroids, the authors suggested that the submucous myomas should be divided into four types and the detailed appearance of each type were discussed. Conclusions: Four types of the submucous myomas were distinguished and the surgical treatment of each type were chosen correspondingly under hysteroscope.

We used 4 methods,such as ultrasonic crush(UC),ultrasonic rinse(UR),whorl surge(WS)and rubbing(RU),to isolate epiphytic bacteria from red alga Gracilaria lemaneiformis.Then,we counted bacteria numbers,detected bacterial species,observed bacterial configuration and characteristic of cell wall.Compared with these methods and with different treatments in one method,the results were drawn:the UR and RU were inferior in all methods to isolate bacterial numbers and species,the UC and WS were better,especially,the treatment 30W 30s of UC was the best in experiment,which isolated 12 of 16 bacterial species,and got 1.75 10~6 cells per gram wet weight G.lemaneiformis.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of BiPAP non-invasive ventilation on COPD patients during acute exacerbation(AECOPD).Methods 20 COPD patients were ventilated using BiPAP non-inva- sive ventilation through a nose or mouth-nose mask.Their vital signs(RR,HR and BP)and arterial blood gases indi- cators(pH,PaCO_2,PaO_2 and SaO_2)before and after ventilation were monitored and the clinical effectiveness was ob- served.Results The vital signs and arterial blood gases indicators of 17 of the 20 AECOPD patients were improved. PaCO_2 was lowered,pH,PaO_2 and SaO_2 were elevated,and the difference before and after ventilation was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion BiPAP non-invasive ventilation can improve the vital signs and physiological in- dicators of AECOPD patients,relieve their respiratory muscle fatigue and prevent them from exacerbation of respira- tory failure,thereby lower the need for endotracheal inrubation.

Objective To evaluate the effects of interferon therapy after curative surgical intervention on improving prognosis of patients with hepatitis C-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods We searched randomized clinical trials from 1990 to 2015 on interferon therapy after curative surgical intervention in patients with hepatitis C-related HCC from the Cochrane Library,the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,MEDLINE and Embase.A Meta-analysis was carried out using Revman 5.Results There were 7 studies included in this research.The results showed that interferon therapy after curative surgical intervention in patients with hepatitis C-related HCC reduced the recurrence rate of HCC at 3 years (RR =0.84,95％ CI 0.73 ～0.97,P ＜0.05).The therapy could not improve the 3-year survival rate in these patients (RR =1.04,95％ CI 0.90 ～ 1.21,P ＞ 0.05).Stratified subgroup analyses showed interferon therapy after liver resection reduced the recurrence rate (RR =0.62,95 ％ CI 0.39 ～ 1.00,P =0.05).For patients with tumors less than 3 cm,interferon therapy reduced the recurrence rate (RR =0.82,95％ CI 0.69 ～ 0.98,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Interferon therapy after curative surgical intervention improved prognosis in patients with hepatitis C-related HCC.

The authors helpfully discuss the design idea,experimental module design,examination methods,and experiment textbook construction in experimental teaching of microbiology,and conduct further researches on the basic skill training,verifying experiment,integrative experiment,and investigative experiment in the course. This study aims to enhance effects of the experimental teaching,to cultivate high potential talents who can master essential knowledge and skills,and creatively carry out scientific research.

OBJECTIVE: To study whether the effects of olanzapine on gastrointestinal motility is related to the serotonin antagonism and myosin light chain kinase. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups. Olanzapine gavage was performed for each treatment group during the course of 30 continuous days, while the same volume of saline was given to the rats in the control group. Defecation of the rats was observed on days 7 and 30 after olanzapine gavage. The effects of olanzapine on contraction of colonic smooth muscles were observed in ex vivo experiments. A Western blot was used to evaluate expression levels of the serotonin transporter (SERT) and MLCK in colon segments of the rats. RESULTS: ResultsaaCompared to the control group, 5-160 µM of olanzapine could inhibit dose-dependently the contraction of colonic smooth muscle ex vivo experiments. The maximum smooth muscle contraction effects of 5-HT and acetylcholine significantly decreased after treatment with 40-160 µM of olanzapine. Constipation was found in the olanzapine-treated rats on day 7 and have sustained day 30 after gavage. Expression of MLCK in olanzapine-treated rats was significantly decreased, whereas the expression of SERT significantly increased on the day 7, then significantly decreased on the day 30 after olanzapine gavage. CONCLUSION: SERT and MLCK may involve in the inhibition of colonic contraction induced by olanzapine.
Acetylcholine ; Animals ; Antipsychotic Agents ; Blotting, Western ; Colon* ; Constipation ; Defecation ; Gastrointestinal Motility ; Humans ; Male ; Muscle, Smooth ; Myosin Light Chains* ; Myosin-Light-Chain Kinase* ; Myosins* ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins ; Serotonin*

BACKGROUNDSalvianolic acid B (Sal B) is a bioactive water-soluble compound of Salviae miltiorrhizae, a traditional herbal medicine that has been used clinically for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. This study sought to evaluate the effect of Sal B on matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and on the underlying mechanisms in tumor necrosis factor-α± (TNF-α±)-activated human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs), a cell model of Kawasaki disease.

METHODSHCAECs were pretreated with 1-10 αμmol/L of Sal B, and then stimulated by TNF-α± at different time points. The protein expression and activity of MMP-9 were determined by Western blot assay and gelatin zymogram assay, respectively. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation was detected with immunofluorescence, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, and Western blot assay. Protein expression levels of mitogen-activated protein kinase (c-Jun N-terminal kinase [JNK], extra-cellular signal-regulated kinase [ERK], and p38) were determined by Western blot assay.

RESULTSAfter HCAECs were exposed to TNF-α±, 1-10 αμmol/L Sal B significantly inhibited TNF-α±-induced MMP-9 expression and activity. Furthermore, Sal B significantly decreased IκBα± phosphorylation and p65 nuclear translocation in HCAECs stimulated with TNF-α± for 30 min. In addition, Sal B decreased the phosphorylation of JNK and ERK1/2 proteins in cells treated with TNF-α± for 10 min.

CONCLUSIONSThe data suggested that Sal B suppressed TNF-α±-induced MMP-9 expression and activity by blocking the activation of NF-κB, JNK, and ERK1/2 signaling pathways.

Benzofurans ; pharmacology ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Line ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Coronary Vessels ; cytology ; Endothelial Cells ; drug effects ; enzymology ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; metabolism ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; pharmacology

Objective To induce human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) to hair-cell like cells in the inner ear, using a two-step neural differentiation method.Methods The hUC-MSCs were obtained from human umbilical cords by tissue adherence culture,whose surface antigen CD29, CD34, CD44, CD45, CD90, HLA-ABC, and HLA-DR could be identified by flow cytometry.In the neural stem cells induced phase, the NSE positive cells were analyzed by microscope and immunohistochemistry.In the second stage, the expression of hair-cell like cells markers (Math1, MyosinⅦa, Brn3c) were tested by qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence method.Results The control group and the protocol group had little NSE after differentiation while the protocol B group presented a neurobiological structure and demonstrated a higher NSE positive ratio after 5 days' neural stem cells induction (P<0.05).Compared to the control group, the mRNA and protein level of Math1, MyosinⅦa, and Brn3c exhibited a significant increase in the differential group,which induced for 4 weeks in the hair-cell like cells in the inner ear's induced phase(P<0.05).Conclusion The two-stage induction (hUC-MSCs-neural stem cells-hair-cell like cells) could produce more MyosinⅦa,Brn3c and Math1,which may provide an appropriate way to treat sensorineural deafness.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the impact of neoadjuvant chemoradiation on perineal wound healing following abdominoperineal resection(APR) for lower rectal cancer.

METHODSData of 93 patients who underwent APR for low rectal cancer between January 2005 and January 2009 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were reviewed, including patients who received neoadjuvant chemoradiation (n=29) and those undergoing surgery alone(n=64). Perineal wound healing was the primary outcome measurement. Condition of wound healing was classified as good, moderate, and poor and was compared between the two groups.

RESULTSTwenty nine patients in the neoadjuvant group received preoperative regional radiation(50 Gy, 25 fractions/5 weeks) with synchronous FOLFOX4 chemotherapy(fluorouracil and oxaliplatin). In the neoadjuvant group, wound healing after APR was good in 18 patients(62.1%), moderate in 6(20.7%), and poor in 5(17.2%). In patients who had surgery alone, wound healing after APR was good in 41 patients(64.1%), moderate in 15(23.4%), and poor in 8(12.5%). There was no significant difference in the incidence of wound infection(poor wound healing)between the two groups(P=0.773).

CONCLUSIONNeoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy is not associated with increased perineal wound infection following abdominoperineal resection for low rectal cancer.

Aged ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Perineum ; surgery ; Rectal Neoplasms ; surgery ; therapy ; Rectum ; surgery ; Wound Healing

The therapeutic potential of curcumin (Cur) is hampered by its poor aqueous solubility and low bioavailability.The aim of this study was to determine whether Cur nanoemulsions enhance the efficacy of Cur against prostate cancer cells and increase the oral absorption of Cur.Cur nanoemulsions were developed using the self-microemulsifying method and characterized by their morphology,droplet size and zeta potential.The results showed that the cytotoxicity and cell uptake were considerably increased with Cur nanoemulsions compared to free Cur.Cur nanoemulsions exhibited a significantly prolonged biological activity and demonstrated better therapeutic efficacy than free Cur,as assessed by apoptosis and cell cycle studies.In siru single-pass perfusion studies demonstrated higher effective permeability coefficient and absorption rate constant for Cur nanoemulsions than for free Cur.Our study suggested that Cur nanoemulsions can be used as an effective drug delivery system to enhance the anticancer effect and oral bioavailability of Cur.