135 children aged 7-15, with fracture in the brachial condylus treated by continous stretching using Kirchner needle on Ponliquen frame and Crame lath during 2 weeks, then fixed by 2 bamboo laths. The procedure showed a 100% conservative recovery. Very good result reached in 86.8%, good 7.5% and bad 5.7%. No case needed surgical intervention
Humerus ; Child ; Humeral Fractures

The patients were divided into 2 groups, group I: 56 children under 15 years of age, group II: 119 adults. The most frequent initial mechanism of the traumatic cataract in our series was perforating injury of the eye, representing 73.2% of the cases in children, 43.2% in adults. Implantation and cataract surgery were performed simultaneously in 138 cases (78.86%) and secondarily in 137 cases (21.14%). Implantation was performed in the cases of perforating trauma, including 85.5% implants in the posterior chamber, 5% in the anterior chamber, and 12% with sclera fication of the posterior chamber. We noted a visual acuity equal to or better than 0.2 in 73.2% of the cases in the 2 groups (75% in children, 73.95% in adults). Results of visual acuity equal to or better than 0.5 after contusion (44%) with an incidence higher than that after perforating injuries (39.7%). The optical correction that gives the best functional results is the primary implantation (76.8% of visual acuity better than 0.2).
Lenses, Intraocular ; Injuries

From 1996 to 1998, secondary IOL implantation after traumatic cataract surgery was performed on 60 patients (60 eyes) of the age ranged from 5 to 56 years with a follow-up period of 3 to 18 months. Interval between cataract surgery and secondary IOL ranged from 7 days to over 2 years. Basing on the state and the size of the posterior capsule, patients were divided into 3 groups. IOL was implanted in posterior chamber: 32 eyes, anterior chamber: 3 eyes, and scleral fixation of posterior chamber: 25 eyes. Postoperative visual acuity was 0.2 or better in 53 eyes (88.33%) and 0.1 or worse in 7 eyes (11.67%). Post-operative complications include retinal detachment with fibrous vitreous: 1 eyes, fibrous membrane formation: 4 eyes, capsular opacification: 6 eyes, dislocations of IOL: 7 eyes, intraocular hypertension: 2 eyes. Pupillary ascension, prolapsed vitreous, and peripheral anterior synechia were common conditions limiting the result. Secondary IOL implantation after traumatic cataract surgery seems to be a reasonable way to improve visual function and to prevent amblyopia.
Lenses, Intraocular ; Aphakia

This research aimed to improve the advantages of the continuous traction on bed and traditional binding with bamboo slabs for bone fracture. The authors also research on using PouliquÌnstyle frames in treating for patients with severe supracondylar fracture who were not able to bind normally, especially when lack of equipment. 52 patients aged from 7-15 years old with closed supracondylar fracture were involved in the study. Each of them was treated in two phases. First, after minimum reduction, the patient was passed a K-needle through olecranon and given continuous traction with 2-3 kg for 2 weeks on a PouliquÌnstyle frame made from crame slabs. Then, in the second phase, the patient was bound by traditional bamboo slabs that allow the elbow movement, before and after reduction once a week during treatment process. the results showed that this method can treat successfully for some cases with severe supracondylar fracture who failed on reduction and have surgical indication. 77.08% of patients were excellent and good, 16.66% were moderate and 6.25% were bad.
Traction ; Beds ; Bone Fractures

585 households of 3 villages of the Phu Thuan B Hong Ngu and Dong That communes participated to 2 interviews as an available questionnaire before and after intervention. The results have shown that there was a positive change of the perception and attitude of people with the proper perception on the fresh water, hygienic toilet after intervention was statistical significantly increased compared with this before intervention. However, the change of some hygienic behavior has been limited. This change was a statistical insignificant. The implementation of moving the contaminated resources far from the water sources such as: improvement of the toilet in the ponds, movement of the cattle caves was not carried out after intervention.
Hygiene ; Education

The child needs time to develop his own immune system and to have specific immune responds. Thus the child needs his mother's support to have immediate protection against bacteria from mother's gastrointestinal tract that infected the baby and have longer protection during his development of immune system. This immune supporting of mother for her baby was conducted thru placenta and breast milk. The immune supporting thru breast milk was directly and indirectly by indirect transmitting of resistance for baby thru breast milk, direct stimulating of baby immune system, and preventing some immune diseases
immune system

The Human Genome Project is an international cooperative project that launched in 1990 and completely finished in April 14, 2003. The discovery of pathogenic genes is promising that light up the pathogenesis of many diseases in human. In the future, the understanding of these genes is helpful for patients and physicians, but the first advantages are in diagnosis and prognosis. It’s hoped to bring about new more effective therapies tailored for each patient according to his genome in the next 5 years
Genome, Human ; Gene Conversion ; medicine

Currently world wide, the majority of kidney transplantations is realized with living donor, not using cadaver. In the past, in majority of cases, the donor and the recipient are familiar relatives, assuring immune compatibility. But at present basing on the new advances in antirejection measures, this technique can be applied in any pairs without blood relations. The detection of these pairs is very difficult but could be realized completely. The cases of exchange between uncomfortable pairs could give satisfied results
Tissue Donors ; Kidney ; Transplants

30 inpatients of two genders, suffering from type II diabete, aged above 40 have received a treatment with Muop Dang fluid extract producted in Ha Noi traditional medicine Hospital in the year 2001. Results showed that an effect of antihypertension, patients blood pressure had maintained in good level 66,7%, in mean 26,7% and bad 6,6%. With a dose of 100 ml/day in 3 months successively no adverse effects manifested
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Disease ; Medicine, Traditional ; Europe

An important feature of immune system in general and gastrointestinal immune system in particular is the mobility of member cells. In DNA recombination technique, bacteria like E. coli are often used to make recombination protein including vaccine . The advantage of the bacteria is manipulating easily with their gene. There are two major methods to transfer gene in plants. One is based on Agrobacterium tumefactions, a bacterium that naturally live in the soil, which is able to transfer a number of DNA including one of its plasmids to plant cells to integrate into the plant's genome at cell nucleus. The other is transformation by Agrobacterium which is more common used to make vaccine transgenic plants
Vaccines ; Plants ; DNA