BACKGROUND: Previous studies found that treatment with awn needles can improve the inflammatory response after spinal cord injury, reduce the expression of high-mobility group protein 1 (HMGB-1) and pro-inflammatory factors, and inhibit the activity of nuclear transcription factors and the occurrence of neuronal apoptosis. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship between the mechanism of inflammatory response and the HMGB-1/Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway after spinal cord injury. METHODS: The T9-10 spinal cord injury model was made according to the internationally recognized modified Allen’s modeling method. The blood samples of the spinal cord and tail artery were obtained for Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan scoring at 6, 24 hours, 3 and 7 days after modeling. The HMGB-1 content in the spinal cord and tail artery serum was measured by ELISA to determine the highest point of HMGB-1 in the spinal cord and the change rule of HMGB-1 content in serum and spinal cord. Taking the highest HMGB-1 content as the research point and using glycyrrhizic acid as the HMGB-1 inhibitor, the rats were divided into four groups: model group, glycyrrhizic acid group (intragastric administration of glycyrrhizic acid, 200 mg/kg), blank group and sham operation group. The highest HMGB-1 expression was determined by ELISA. The spinal cord was obtained at the highest point of HMGB1 expression. The correlation between HMGB-1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and inflammation after spinal cord injury was explored by immunoblotting and RT-PCR detection, and the pathological changes of spinal cord in rats were observed. Approval for this study was obtained by the Animal Experimental Ethics Committee of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The expression of HMGB-1 in the spinal cord and blood at 3 days after spinal cord injury was significantly higher than that at 6 hours, 24 hours, and 7 days (P < 0.05). At 3 days after spinal cord injury, the expressions of HMGB-1, TLR4, NF-κB, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α in the glycyrrhizic acid group were lower than those in the model group, but higher than those in the blank group and sham operation group (P < 0.05). The expressions of HMGB-1, TLR4 and NF-κB at gene and protein levels in the glycyrrhizic acid group were lower than those in the model group, but higher than those in the blank group and the sham operation group (P < 0.05). To conclude, after spinal cord injury, HMGB-1 in blood and spinal cord increased significantly and reached the highest value at 3 days. After inhibiting HMGB-1, it was found that the HMGB-1/TLR4/NF-κB pathway is one of the important pathways to induce inflammation after spinal cord injury.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effects of interfered therapy of peptic ulcer with lip. Methods 184 patients were randomly divided into two groups,only durgs were given for conventional treatment group:pan- toprazole and teprenone; the same drugs, the type of life and individual diets were given for interfered treatment group. Therapy time lasted for 6 weeks in two groups. Radical eradication of Hp: pantoprazole plus clarithromycinand amoxycilLin. Results The time. of complete alleviation of clinical symptoms: most of patients in interfered treat- ment group alleviated after one week, half past patients in conventional treatment group alleviated after one week; there were significant difference in alleviation rate of clinical symptoms between two groups( P < 0.01 ). Healing of ulcer:after the end of treatment, all patients underwent endoscopy, most of ulcers healed in interfered treatment group, but 90.22% of ulcers healed in conventional treatment group, there were significant difference in he.sling rate of ulcer between two groups(P< 0.05). Eradicating of Hp: the eradicating of Hp was similar in two groups,there were no significant difference between the interfered treatment group and the conventional treatment group (P > 0.05). Conclusion Through the interfered treatment(drugs combining the type of life and the habit of diet), we can alleviate clinical symptoms and improve the effects of healing of ulcer.

Objective: To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. Methods: BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil solution. Drug encapsulation efficiency, drug loading, and in vitro sustained release rate of the microspheres were tested. HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system was established as experimental group, and cell scaffold complex without BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system as control group. After 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of co-culture in the two groups, ALP secretion of cells was detected; gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) were detected by RT-PCR; the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was observed by immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture; and cell creep and adhesion were observed by scanning electron microscopy. Results: BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system had better drug encapsulation efficiency and drug loading, and could prolong the activity time of BMP-2. The secretion of ALP and the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05). Immunohistochemical staining showed that the amount of fluorescence in the experimental group was significantly more than that in the control group, i.e. the expression level of collagen type Ⅰ was higher than that in the control group. The cells could be more evenly distributed on the materials, and the cell morphology was good. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the sustained-release system could adhere to cells well. Conclusion: iPS-MSCs have the ability of osteogenic differentiation, which is significantly enhanced by BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system. The combination of iPS-MSCs and sustained-release system can adhere to the materials well, and the cell activity is better.

Objective:To investigate the risk factors of central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in cN0 paillary thyroicl microcarcinoma (PTMC) and to establish a nomogram model for predicting the probability of cN0 PTMC CLNM.Methods:The clinicopathological data of 192 patients with cN0 PTMC admitted to the Department of General Surgery of the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University from Aug. 2016 to Aug. 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 41 males and 151 females, 50 with CLNM and 142 without CLNM. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the presence or absence of pathologically confirmed CLNM. Patient’s age, gender, tumor diameter, multiple, with Hashimoto’s disease, with nodular goiter, with or without near the posterior dorsal membrane, aspect ratio >1, with or without extratumoral infiltration, with or without lymphadenopathy, TSH levels, and TG levels were statistically analyzed. Pearson chi-square test was used to analyze the count data of hypothesis test, and the R language software package was used for Logistic multivariate analysis. The entry conditions were screened by stepwise regression to establish a nomogram prediction model, and the Bootstrap method was used for model verification. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:Multivariate logistic analysis showed that extratumoral invasion ( P=0.032) , presence of lymphadenopathy ( P=0.010) , and TG>68 μg/L ( P=0.007) were risk factors for central lymph node metastasis. The optimal model was established by stepwise regression. The factors included tumor diameter ≥0.5 cm, nodular goiter, extratumoral invasion, lymphadenopathy and TG>68 μg/L (AIC: 212.27) . The nomogram model was established according to the above risk factors. The consistency index (c-index) was 0.711. The results of calibration graph drawing and internal and external validation demonstrated its good consistency and applicability. Conclusion:Extratumoral invasion, lymphadenopathy, and TG>68 μg/L are risk factors for cN0 PTMC CLNM, and the nomogram established in the study can effectively predict the CLNM rate in patients with cN0PTMC and contribute to clinicians’ diagnosis and treatment decisions.

A 26-year-old man residing in a village of Thai Nguyen Province, North Vietnam, visited the Thai Nguyen Provincial Hospital in July 2008. He felt a bulge-sticking pain in his left eye and extracted 5 small nematode worms by himself half a day before visiting the hospital. Two more worms were extracted from his left eye by a medical doctor, and they were morphologically observed and genetically analyzed on the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene. The worms were 1 male and 1 female, and genetically identical with those of Thelazia callipaeda. By the present study, the presence of human T. callipaeda infection is first reported in Vietnam.
Adult ; Animals ; Cluster Analysis ; Electron Transport Complex IV/genetics ; Eye Diseases/*parasitology/*pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Microscopy ; Phylogeny ; Spirurida Infections/*diagnosis/*parasitology/pathology ; Thelazioidea/anatomy & histology/genetics/*isolation & purification ; Vietnam

To know the infection status of helminths in primary schoolchildren of southern parts of Vietnam, we performed an epidemiological study in Krong Pac district, Dak Lak Province, Vietnam. A total of 1,206 stool specimens were collected from ethnic Ede schoolchildren in 4 primary schools in 2015 and examined by the Kato-Katz technique. In addition, stool cultures were done by the Harada-Mori method to obtain hookworm larvae and then to clarify the species of hookworms infected. The results showed that the helminth infection rate was 25.0%, including 2.0% Ascaris lumbricoides, 0.33% Trichuris trichiura, and 22.8% hookworm infections. The average intensity of infection was 102.0 eggs per gram of feces (EPG) for Ascaris, 36.0 EPG for Trichuris, and 218.0 EPG for hookworms. ITS1 gene sequences of the hookworm larvae were identical with those of Necator americanus (100% homology) reported in GenBank. It has been confirmed in this study that the hookworm, N. americanus, is a dominant helminth species infected in primary schoolchildren of a southern part of Vietnam. Public health attention is needed for control of hookworm infections among schoolchildren in surveyed areas of Vietnam.
Ancylostomatoidea* ; Ascaris ; Ascaris lumbricoides ; Databases, Nucleic Acid ; Eggs ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Feces ; Helminths* ; Hookworm Infections ; Humans ; Larva ; Methods ; Necator americanus ; Ovum ; Prevalence* ; Public Health ; Trichuris ; Vietnam*

A 23-year-old female residing in a village of Cao Bang Province, North Vietnam, visited the Hospital of Hanoi Medical University in July 2013. She felt dim eyes and a bulge-sticking pain in her left eye for some days before visiting the hospital. In the hospital, a clinical examination, an eye endoscopy, and an operation were carried out. A nematode specimen was collected from the eye of this patient. The body of this worm was thin and long and measured 22.0x0.3 mm. It was morphologically suggested as an immature female worm of Angiostrongylus cantonensis. By a molecular method using 18S rRNA gene, this nematode was confirmed as A. cantonensis. This is the first molecular study for identification of A. cantonensis in Vietnam.
Angiostrongylus cantonensis/classification/*genetics/*isolation & purification ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Eye/parasitology ; Eye Diseases/diagnosis/*parasitology ; Female ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Strongylida Infections/diagnosis/*parasitology ; Vietnam ; Young Adult

From 2006 to 2010, hospitals in Hanoi treated 10 human patients for dirofilariasis. The worms were collected from parasitic places, and identification of the species was completed by morphology and molecular methods. Ten parasites were recovered either from the conjunctiva (n=9) or subcutaneous tissue (n=1). The parasites were 4.0-12.5 cm in length and 0.5-0.6 mm in width. Morphological observations suggested all parasites as Dirofilaria repens. Three of the 10 parasites (1 from subcutaneous tissue and 2 from eyes) were used for molecular confirmation of the species identification. A portion of the mitochondrial cox1 (461 bp) was amplified and sequenced. Nucleotide and amino acid homologies were 95% and 99-100%, respectively, when compared with D. repens (Italian origin, GenBank AJ271614; DQ358814). This is the first report of eye dirofilariasis and the second report of subcutaneous tissue dirofilariasis due to D. repens in Vietnam.
Adult ; Aged ; Animals ; Cyclooxygenase 1/genetics ; Dirofilaria repens/anatomy & histology/genetics/*isolation & purification ; Dirofilariasis/*diagnosis/parasitology/*pathology ; Eye/*parasitology ; Eye Diseases/parasitology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/methods ; Parasitology/methods ; Phylogeny ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sequence Homology ; Skin Diseases/parasitology ; Subcutaneous Tissue/*parasitology ; Vietnam

The peeled stem of Syringa pinnatifolia is a Mongolia folk medicine, mainly distributed in Helan mountain, inner Mongolia and Ningxia provinces of China. It has been used for the treatment of cardiopalmus, angina pectoris, and cardiopulmonary diseases for a long history. Contemporary research revealed the presence of major lignans, sesquitepenes, and essential oils, and showed myocardial ischemia related diseases. This review summarizes the plant origins, taxonomic disputes, phytochemical and pharmacological research progress, hopefully to provide reference for full medicinal utilization, clarification of biological effective substance, and drug development.
Animals ; Drug Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Medicine, Mongolian Traditional ; Molecular Structure ; Syringa ; chemistry

An ocular Toxocara canis infection is reported for the first time in Vietnam. A 34-year-old man residing in a village of Son La Province, North Vietnam, visited the National Eye Hospital (NEH) in August 2011. He felt a bulge-sticking pain in his left eye and loss of vision occurred over 3 months before visiting the hospital. The eye examination in the hospital showed damage of the left eye, red eye, retinal fibrosis, retinal detachment, inflammation of the eye tissues, retinal granulomas, and a parasitic cyst inside. A larva of Toxocara was collected with the cyst by a medical doctor by surgery. Comparison of 264 nucleotides of internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) of ribosomal DNA was done between our Vietnamese Toxocara canis and other Toxocara geographical isolates, including Chinese T. canis, Japanese T. canis, Sri Lankan T. canis, and Iranian T. canis. The nucleotide homology was 97-99%, when our T. canis was compared with geographical isolates. Identification of a T. canis infection in the eye by a molecular method was performed for the first time in Vietnam.
Adult ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; DNA, Helminth/chemistry/genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry/genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer/chemistry/genetics ; Eye Infections, Parasitic/*diagnosis/parasitology ; Humans ; Larva ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Alignment ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Toxocara canis/classification/genetics/*isolation & purification ; Toxocariasis/*diagnosis/parasitology ; Vietnam