Objective:To explore the clinical, imaging, and pathological features of glottic squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx and their relationship with prognosis. Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical, imaging, and pathological data of 130 patients with glottic squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx who were treated at the First People's Hospital of Yinchuan and the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from January 2018 to March 2023. Imaging examinations （CT and MRI） were used to evaluate the lesion boundary clarity, density, enhancement nature, and enhancement degree. Postoperative pathological examination was used to determine the pathological nature, immunohistochemistry, etc. Statistical methods such as χ² test, Spearman correlation analysis, multivariate logistic regression analysis, and Kaplan-Meier method were used to analyze the data. Results:Among the 130 patients, 127 were male and 3 were female, with an average age of （61.92±9.595） years. There was a correlation between clinical, imaging, and pathological features. Multivariate analysis showed that heterogeneous MRI density （OR=12.414;P=0.019） and squamous cell carcinoma as a subtype were correlated. The initial symptom of non-hoarseness （HR=6.045;P=0.010） and unclear MRI boundary （HR=12.559; P=0.029） were independent risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with glottic squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. Conclusion:There is a correlation between the clinical, imaging, and pathological features of patients with glottic squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx, and they can affect prognosis. The initial symptom of non-hoarseness and unclear MRI boundary of the tumor are independent risk factors for poor prognosis.
Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms/diagnosis* ; Prognosis ; Male ; Female ; Retrospective Studies ; Middle Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Glottis/pathology* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Aged

Objective:To investigate the clinical value of electronic laryngoscope combined with narrow band imaging（NBI） endoscope and its classification in the diagnosis of vocal cord leukoplakia. Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on 115 cases of patients treated in the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from September 2020 to November 2022. All 115 cases were diagnosed with vocal cord leukogramma using the electronic laryngoscopy and narrow band imaging endoscopy, followed by pathological examination in the outpatient tissue biopsy. The morphological characteristics of vocal cord leukoplakia and the correlation between narrow band imaging classification and pathological results were investigated. Results:Among 115 cases of vocal cord leukoplakia, 46 cases（40.00%） were diagnosed as benign lesions. Low grade intraepithelial neoplasia occurred in 29 cases（25.22%）. High-grade intraepithelial neoplasia（including carcinoma in situ） occurred in 22 cases（19.13%）. Invasive carcinoma（including suspected invasive carcinoma） was found in 18 cases（15.65%）. There were no statistical differences in the unilateral and bilateral distribution of vocal cord leukoplakia and pathological results（P>0.05）, but there were statistical differences in the size, thickness, lesion uniformity, clear boundary, pre-invasion commissure, symmetry,age over 55 years old, morphological classification, NBI classification and pathological results distribution（P<0.05）. The two-by-two comparison among the three groups of morphological classification（flat type, raised type, rough type） showed that P<0.017 was only compared between flat type and rough type, and P>0.017 was compared between the other two groups. The pairwise comparison among the three groups of NBI classification（Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ） was statistically significant（P<0.017）. There was a high correlation between NBI classification and pathological diagnosis, and the correlation coefficient was 0.705（P<0.05）. The risk of high intraepithelial neoplasia and cancerization in type Ⅳ was 9.125 times higher than that in type Ⅲ, and the risk of high intraepithelial neoplasia and cancerization in type Ⅴ was 271.078 times higher than that in type Ⅲ. The area under the curve of morphological classification and NBI classification were 0.672 and 0.896, respectively. Conclusion:There is a high match and correlation between NBI classification and pathological diagnosis. Electronic laryngoscope combined with narrow band imaging endoscope has a high diagnostic value for vocal cord leukoplakia, and a strong predictive ability for malignant leukoplakia.
Humans ; Vocal Cords/pathology* ; Male ; Female ; Leukoplakia/diagnosis* ; Narrow Band Imaging/methods* ; Retrospective Studies ; Laryngoscopy/methods* ; Middle Aged ; Laryngeal Neoplasms/diagnosis* ; Aged ; Laryngoscopes ; Adult

Objective:To investigate the clinical manifestations and the effect of peroral endoscopic-assisted laryngeal microsurgery for children with laryngeal neurofibroma, and to provide clinical reference for the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. Methods:The clinical data of 4 children with laryngeal tumors admitted to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2021 to June 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Laryngeal tumors were removed by peroral endoscopic-assisted laryngeal microsurgery. One case underwent tracheotomy at the same time, and one case was simultaneously performed with laryngeal T tube placement and tracheotomy. Results:Surgical resection is the best treatment for laryngeal neurofibroma, and laryngeal microsurgery should be actively used for patients with surgical indications.This surgical method has the advantages of good efficacy, minimal invasion, aesthetics and preservation of laryngeal function, which not only ensures safety, but also improves the quality of life after surgery, and has the value of development and promotion.
Child ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms/pathology* ; Laryngoscopy/methods* ; Microsurgery/methods* ; Retrospective Studies ; Quality of Life ; Neurofibroma/diagnosis*

Infantile hemangiomas are relatively common soft tissue tumors in infants and young children, with a prevalence of about 4.5% in full-term newborns. Subglottic Hemangioma （SGH） is a relatively rare type of hemangioma, and its special location often causes respiratory distress and potentially life-threatening conditions in infants. Therefore, it is necessary for clinicians to make an accurate diagnosis and formulate a detailed treatment plan based on the clinical manifestations, the auxiliary examinations, the medical history and the vital signs evaluation of patients.This review describes the pathophysiological mechanism of infantile hemangioma and provides a detailed discussion on commonly used treatment methods in detail.
Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Hemangioma/diagnosis* ; Hemangioma, Capillary ; Laryngeal Neoplasms/surgery* ; Larynx/pathology* ; Soft Tissue Neoplasms

Carcinoma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Larynx ; pathology

Carcinoma ; diagnosis ; Granuloma, Plasma Cell ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Larynx ; pathology

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the clinical significance of target biopsy in clinical diagnosis, and accurate pathologic specimen acquisition of laryngeal lesion by using narrow band imaging (NBI) endoscopy. METHOD: A total of 156 cases of patients with laryngeal lesions were collected from the department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery of Tianjin Union Medical Center from Aug 2012 to Dec 2014. All patients were randomly divided into regular biopsy group and NBI target biopsy group. Image data were recorded and the patients' samples were biopsied. The pathologic diagnosis was used to evaluate the accuracy of regular biopsy and target biopsy. RESULT: Based on the pathologic diagnosis, the correct accurate pathologic specimen acquisition rates in NBI target pathology group at stage 0 (Tis), stage I and stage II laryngeal cancer diagnosis compliance rate were higher than those in regular biopsy group, stage 0 (Tis) (χ² = 22.00, P < 0.05), stage I (χ² = 8.33, P < 0.05) and stage II (χ² = 4.55, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION NBI endoscopy plays an important role in the clinical diagnosis and accurate pathologic specimen acquisition of laryngeal carcinoma and can be a regular means to detect laryngeal lesions in clinical.
Biopsy ; methods ; Endoscopy ; methods ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Larynx ; pathology ; Narrow Band Imaging ; Neoplasm Staging

A 56 years old female was admitted to our department with complaint of a painless cervical mass. Clinical feature:there was a painless mass above left lobe of thyroid gland, which was about 3.0 cm x 2.5 cm in size, and could move with swallowing action. B-mode ultrasound features: there was a solid mass in left lobe of thyroid gland, which was about 3.2 cm. Nodule was found in isthmus, accompanied with lymphadenovarix on the left neck possibly be MCA. fT3: 4.64 pmol/L, fT4:16.56 pmol/L,TSH:3.74 mIU/L, anti-TG:17.75 U/ml, anti-TPO:40.77 U/ml. Pathological result of the neoplasm: papillocarcinoma. Clinical diagnosis: papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Carcinoma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Deglutition ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; pathology ; Parathyroid Glands ; pathology ; Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ; pathology ; Thyroid Cancer, Papillary ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology

OBJECTIVE: By studying the MRI apperances of postcricoid area invaded by laryngeal carcinoma, to identify the characteristic appearances of the invaded postcricoid area and to provide information on the early detection of the lesions. METHOD: Eighteen cases of MRI images of postcricoid area invaded by laryngeal carcinoma were included in this study. To find out the characteristic manifestation of the lesions, the destructions of surrounding structures and layers, and the invaded extent were observed. RESULT: In 18 cases the invaded lesions of postcricoid area include the mucous layer, submucous fat layer and the mucous layer of anterior wall. In 14 cases the invaded lesions of postcricoid area include the mucous layer, submucous fat layer and the mucous layer of the posterior wall. The soft tissue mass was found in 15 cases, and disappeared hypopharynx cavity in 16 cases. In 14 cases, the full-thickness of both anterior and posterior walls were invaded, accompanied with soft tissue mass and disappeared hypopharynx cavity. CONCLUSION The postcricoid area invaded by laryngeal carcinoma usually shows the destruction of normal structures, signal change in MRI and soft tissue mass. Being familiar with the imaging of the invaded postcricoid area is extremely important to early detect laryngeal carcinomas invading postcricoid area.
Cricoid Cartilage ; pathology ; Humans ; Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Hypopharynx ; pathology ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Larynx ; pathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging

OBJECTIVE: To observe clinical characteristics of 15 cases of laryngeal nonsquamous malignancies. METHOD: The clinical data of 15 patients with laryngeal nonsquamous malignancies were collected. Details about pathology, CT, treatment and follow-up results were carefully taken into account. RESULT: There were more male patients than females while the sex ratio was 4:1. Supraglottic malignancies accounting for 53.33% seemed to be the most common type. In all the 15 patients, 1 patient gave up other treatment except tracheotomy to relieve laryngeal obstruction. Three patients took radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The rest patients underwent surgical procedure after strict endoscopic, radiologic staging. Radiotherapy and (or) chemotherapy were chosen after operation. The follow-up results show that 1 year survival rate was 79.4% and the 3 year survival rate was 57.8%, 5 year survival rate was 27.5% which was not optimistic. CONCLUSION Being a kind of rare type laryngeal nonsquamous malignancies have difference clinical characteristics with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Laryngeal nonsquamous cell carcinoma have much lower 5 year survival rate and are easier to suffer recurrence and metastasis compared with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
Airway Obstruction ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Male ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate