No abstract available.
Dinoprost* ; Female ; Laparoscopes* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Tubal*

The proportion of laparoscopic surgeries is continuously increasing in general surgeries. Along with the development and application, new image sensor and digital image processing technology accelerated the emergence of novel laparoscope in recent years. Stereoscopic laparoscope (3D) appearing make the space orientation more accurate. new imaging methods and new structure design satisfy more clinical requirements; combination with optical technology (NBI technique, PDD technique, ICG technique) make intraoperative diagnosis possible.
Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Laparoscopes ; Laparoscopy

This paper presents a three-dimensional electronic laparoscopy system, including three-dimensional laparoscope pipe and medical video system. The three-dimensional laparoscope pipe adopts a dual-optical structure, which can collect three-dimensional information of the surgical region. By selecting a reasonable initial structure, the MTF curve of the objective lens is close to the diffraction limit, and the distortion is less than 25%. The medical video system also achieved high-definition image with 1 080 P, 30 Hz by GPU. At the mean time, the three-dimensional electronic laparoscope has achieved quantitative production and has been tested in a number of animals, which has broad application prospects and significant clinical application value.
Electronics, Medical ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Laparoscopes ; Laparoscopy

It is known that pediatric inguinal hernia is caused by the incomplete closure of processus vaginalis (PV). In the case of unilateral hernia, possibile contralateral patent PV should be considered because of its delayed appearance as well as its risk of incarceration. Direct visualization of patent PV could be done by contralateral exploration or by indirect exploration through the ipsilateral opening site of the affected hernia assisted with laparoscope. A patient group (321 persons) to whom laparoscopy was not performed from March 2000 to March 2003 was analyzed and compared with a patient group (280 persons) to whom laparoscopy was performed from April 2003 to September 2005. With all 601 patients, the sex ratio (male/female) of patients was 3.8:1. The side distribution was 57.7% in the right, 32.1% in the left and 10.1% in bilateral. There was no difference of sex and side distribution between before and after laparosopy adoption. We did not find an age correlation in natural closure of the residual PV of the peritoneum. Contralateral hernia developed in 14 persons (2.5%) after the operation of unilateral inguinal hernia before laparoscope adoption. But no contralateral hernia developed after April 2003 with laparoscopy. We think that if we use laparoscopy, being a safe and accurate method, to check whether the contralateral residual PV is opened or closed, possible future contralateral operation can be avoided.
Hernia ; Hernia, Inguinal ; Humans ; Laparoscopes ; Laparoscopy ; Peritoneum ; Sex Ratio

PURPOSE: We peformed endoscopic thyroidectomy and open thyroidectomy during the same period. In this study, we analyzed the result (merits and demerits) between endoscopic procedure and open procedure. METHODS: From Aug. 2003 to Aug. 2004, each procedure was performed in 92 patients. Conventional open thyroidectomy was underwent in 50 patients and endoscopic thyroidectomy was underwent in 42 patients. We performed the endoscopic thyroidectomy using breast approach. The 2 incisions, which could use 12 mm ports were placed on the areolar area of the breast as a circumferential fashion. The remaining 1 incision, which could use 5 mm port was placed on the right subclavicular area, 3~4 cm below right clavicle. We used 25 degree, a rigid laparoscope with 5 mm Hg of CO2 insufflation pressure. We also compared the results of mean ages and sex ratio, pathologic diagnosis, extent of operation, mean hospital day, mean operation time between open surgery group and endoscopic thyroidectomy group. RESULTS: We found that the mean age in the endoscopic group was younger, inversely the operation time was longer than in the open surgery group significantly (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the other results between two groups (P>0.05). The endoscopic group in the aspect of cosmetic was satisfactory. CONCLUSION: We could perform the endoscopic thyroidectomy safely and feasibly. The endoscopic surgery was cosmetically satisfactory. We expect it can increase the extent of surgery.
Breast ; Clavicle ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Insufflation ; Laparoscopes ; Sex Ratio ; Thyroidectomy*

Gallbladder agenesis is a rare congenital biliary anomaly that may be associated with other biliary and extrabiliary congenital anomalies. Awareness of this condition is important because many of these patients may have vague biliary symptoms that lead to unnecessary operations. We treated a 46-year-old woman who was diagnosed with gallbladder agenesis during performance of gynecologic laparoscopic surgery. The gallbladder was not visualized by the preoperative abdominal ultrasonography, the abdominal computed tomography and the MRCP. The hepatobiliary scan revealed non-visualization of the gallbladder. Based on these imaging studies, there was a high suspicion of a sclero-atrophic gallbladder or agenesis of the gallbladder. At surgery, we carefully examined the porta hepatis and found that the gallbladder was absent. The operation involved only examination with a laparoscope. The patient has remained well and asymptomatic. It is extremely difficult to diagnose gallbladder agenesis in clinical settings; the identification of gallbladder agenesis is often an incidental finding. For cases where the gallbladder is not visualized preoperatively, a diagnostic laparoscopy can be an alternative diagnostic tool prior to performing laparotomy.
Female ; Gallbladder ; Humans ; Incidental Findings ; Laparoscopes ; Laparoscopy ; Laparotomy ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on laparoscope postoperative shivering in patients undergoing general anesthesia and explore its effect mechanism. METHODS: A total of 80 patients with elective laparoscopic resection of intestinal tumor under general anesthesia were randomly divided into an EA group and a tramadol group, 40 cases in each group. Thirty min prior to the end of the operation, in the EA group, EA was exerted at Neimadian and Zusanli (ST 36), with disperse-dense wave, 2 Hz/100 Hz in frequency, 1 mA in intensity, and lasting 30 min. In the tramadol group, tramadol hydrochloride injection was dropped intravenously, 1 mg/kg. The conditions of shivering, dizziness, nausea, vomiting and agitation were observed in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU). Heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were observed before treatment (T₀), at the moment of extubation (T₁), in 3 min of extubation (T₂) and 1 h after operation (T₃). Using ELISA, at T₀ and T₃, the expression levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in plasma were detected separately. Choking and agitation were recorded during extubation. RESULTS: ① In the EA group, the incidence of shivering, dizziness, nausea, vomiting and agitation in the PACU was lower than that in the tramadol group (P<0.05). ②Compared with T₀, HR, SBP and DBP were increased at T₁ and T₂ in the tramadol group (P<0.05). HR, SBP and DBP in the EA group were lower than the tramadol group at T₁ and T₂ (P<0.05). ③Compared with T₀, the expression levels of IL-6 and 5-HT in plasma were increased at T₃ in the tramadol group (P<0.05). The expression levels of IL-6 and 5-HT in the EA group were lower than the tramadol group at T₃ (P<0.05). ④The incidence of choking and agitation during exudation in the EA group was lower than that in the tramadol group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Electroacupuncture can reduce the incidence of laparoscopic postoperative shivering under general anesthesia. The potential mechanism mays related to the modulation of the expression levels of IL-6 and 5-HT caused by surgical trauma.
Anesthesia, General/adverse effects* ; Electroacupuncture ; Humans ; Laparoscopes ; Postoperative Period ; Shivering

OBJECTIVE: Hysterectomy is one of the most common gynecological operations. The objective of this study was to introduce a new uterine elevator for total laparoscopic hysterectomy. METHODS: Bae's uterine elevator was modified for laparoscopic hysterectomy. Modified Bae's uterine elevator was 5 cm longer than original one and handle was modified to vertical position and stopper, silicon tube and silicon adapter for colpotomizer was installed on the shaft. Three hundred and fifty seven cases of total laparoscopic hysterectomies using modified Bae's uterine elevator were performed from Jan 1999 to Jun 2000. RESULTS: Mean age of the patients was 41.8, operation time was 48.3 minutes and uterine weight was 245.5 gm. Leiomyoma was the most common cause of hysterectomies (70.9%), and followed by adenomyosis (16.2%), endometriosis (7.6%). There were no major operative complications such as vascular, bladder, ureter or intestinal injuries. CONCLUSIONS: Three hundred and fifty seven cases of total laparoscopic hysterectomies using modified Bae's uterine elevator were performed successfully without any major complications. Modified Bae's uterine elevator was very convenient for uterine manipulation during total laparoscopic hysterectomy.
Adenomyosis ; Elevators and Escalators* ; Endometriosis ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy* ; Laparoscopes ; Leiomyoma ; Silicones ; Ureter ; Urinary Bladder

Pseudomyxoma peritonei is a benign mucin producing tumor of the peritoneum which is usually diagnosed using a laparotomy. It is uncommon to find a case of pseudomyxoma peritonei which has been diagnosed using a peritoneoscopy in Korea; there are only two cases reported in the literature. We recently experienced a case of pseudomyxoma peritonei in a 61 year old woman who manifested a typical case using a peritoneoscopy. Thick, jelly-like materials were adherent to polypoid nodular masses of the parietal peritoneum, which originated from the mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of an ovary. In this report we discuss the case with relevant review of the literature.
Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Laparoscopes ; Laparoscopy ; Laparotomy ; Middle Aged ; Mucins ; Ovary ; Peritoneum ; Pseudomyxoma Peritonei*

The prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease has been increased recently in Korea. The use of minimally invasive laparoscopic and thoracoscopic surgery has become popular in the operation of esophageal disease such as esophageal cancer or gastroesophageal reflux disorder. We experienced three cases of laparoscopic Nissen fundoplications and one case of laparoscopic Collis gastroplasty, and we will describe the technical aspect of these surgeries.
Esophageal Diseases ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; Fundoplication* ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; Gastroplasty* ; Korea ; Laparoscopes ; Prevalence ; Thoracoscopy