Objective:To study the epidemiology of inpatients with fractures and discuss its effect on health education.Methods:Therer were 6290 inpatie nts with fracture investigated retrospectively.FoxPro and SPSS were used for statistical analysis.Results:The mean age of the patients was 41.03±20.05 years.The fraction male to female patients was 2.39:1.The mean hospitalized days were 24.11±22.73 days (±s).A majority(63.5%) of the patients were admitted to the hospital by emerg ency.Fractures in 15 parts accounted for 70% of total fractures in 6 hospital, 7 of which accounted for more than 50% of total fractures in each hospital.Discussion:Health education should be carried out according to risk factors as well as age and gender.The devel opment of the model,which combines prevention,first-aid and rehabilitation,is t he trend of health education for fractures.The basic knowledge of fractures in these 15 parts should be learned by orthopedic nurses.Patient education should be carried out individually.The hospital's situation should also be considered.

Objective This study aimed to understand the experience of family caregivers of elderly people,explore the relationship between responsibility and burden,provide reference and theoretical guidance to the health care provider.Methods Exploratory,descriptive,qualitative design was used and a semi-structure interview Was conducted in a convenience sample of 11 participants.The Colaizzi method of empirical phenomenology Was used for interviewing and anaIyzing data obtained from 11 caregivers.Results Four major themes were found and labeled:husbands and wives,be accompanied till they are old;learning to be filial from confucius;avoiding trouble other family member as less as possible;this is my destiny.Conclusions The findings of the study pointed out that service providers should fully consider the cultural factors and develop support services that better meet the traditional culture.

Objective To explore the evolution of research themes and trends in China's nursing college education during the last decade.Methods A co-word analysis of keywords was performed in the research literatures around nursing college education from two Chinese databases,VIP China Science and Technology Journal Database and CKNI Periodical Full-text Database,between 2003 and 2012.The analysis was based on two different periods (phase Ⅰ from 2003 to 2007 and phase Ⅱ from 2008 to 2012).Results A total of 646 articles were included,with 287 articles published in phase Ⅰ and 359 articles in phase Ⅱ.Sixteen high-frequency keywords were identified during the phase Ⅰ,with seventeen during the phase Ⅱ.Two research themes,nursing student-training model and construction and reform of curriculum,were presented in both phases.However,some differences in research sub-themes exited between phase Ⅰ and phase Ⅱ.Conclusions Hot research topics in nursing college education seemed no change in the past ten years.School-hospital collaboration newly emerged as a hot topic in the field of nurse education research.The research on construction and reform of curriculum change its focus to nursing courses and humanities courses.The academic studies of nursing college education were mostly influenced and pushed by reforming and developing of nursing education.

Influenza viruses are common pathogens causing respiratory infections in humans. Among the four seasonal influenza viruses, influenza A virus H3N2 has become the leading cause of seasonal influenza illness and death, posing a great threat to public health and the economy. Since it first emerged and caused a pandemic in 1968, H3N2 has been circulating repeatedly in human beings and continually evades host immune attack by antigenic drift, resulting in a decrease in vaccine efficacy. In this paper, the antigenic evolution of influenza A virus H3N2, the impact of antigenic evolution on the selection of vaccine strains and some models for predicting the evolution of influenza viruses were analyzed and reviewed, which paved the road for understanding the antigenic evolution of influenza virus and vaccine development.

Influenza viruses are responsible for a large number of infections and deaths annually, posing a serious threat to public health. Vaccination is the most effective measure to prevent influenza virus infection. However, current seasonal influenza vaccines only protect against closely matched circulating strains. Even with extensive surveillance and annual reformulation, yearly updated vaccines are still a step behind the fast-evolving viruses, often resulting in poor matches or less effective vaccines. Due to the relatively complex evolution of influenza A viruses, it is a new idea and a new means to prevent influenza epidemics by using a series of innovative technologies to develop universal influenza vaccines that can provide extensive and long-lasting protection against influenza viruses. This review summarized the latest progress in the development of universal vaccines targeting HA in the past three years, including design methods for universal vaccines targeting HA, HA stem and other conserved epitopes, compared the advantages and disadvantages of different technologies, explored the impact of immunization programs and strategies, and discussed the potential challenges to be overcome, hoping to provide reference for the successful development of universal vaccines.