20?mm?Hg, nonpulmonary hypertension group (control group n=9), with preoperative mean pulmonary artery pressure

ObjectiveTo study the optimum method to evaluate the motor function of cerebral palsy neonatal rats caused by intrauterine infection. Methods48 Wistar 17 d pregnant rats were consecutively injected with lipopolysacchide (LPS) (450 μg/kg) for 2 d (LPS group), and other 10 Wistar 17 d pregnant rats (control group) were injected with the same dose of saline. The neonatal rats were selected randomly in control group (A) (n=60) and LPS group (n=120), the latter was divided into intervention group (B1, n=60) and nonintervention group (B2, n=60). The CP rats were identified with neurobehavior detection on the 25th day. Then the CP rats in the B1 group (B1CP) continued their intervention, the CP rats in the B2 group (B2CP) and 10 rats random from group A (A′) were raised routinely. They were assessed with neurobehavior detection and improved BBB assessment on the 25th and 42nd day. ResultsThere were 7 CP rats in B1 group, and 13 in B2 group. There was significant difference in the scores of hanging test, slopes test, open-field experiment, resist captured reaction between the 25th and 42nd day in B1CP group (P<0.01), as well as in improved BBB assessment (P<0.01), but not in neurobehavior detection; while there was not significant difference in B2CP group and in A′ group in all the assessment above. ConclusionNot neurobehavior detection, but hanging test and BBB assessment, can be used to evaluate the motor function of cerebral palsy rats caused by intrauterine infection.

ObjectiveTo determine the role and significance of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in the closure of atrial septal defects (ASD) during minimally invasive cardiac surgery. MethodsSeventeen patients with secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) were examined by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and TEE. TTE usually allowed selection of cases likely to be suitable for closure in this fashion. TEE provided indispensable informations in the selection of eligible atrial septal defects, evaluates the exact size, location and morphology of the defect. Skin incisions were made on the right anterior chest which were 2.5 ～ 3.5 cm long. A special catheter carrying Amplatzer occluder were inserted into the left atrium via ASD. Under TEE guidance, the device was released and ASD was successfully closed. ResultsThe occluder device was successfully implanted in 15 patients. The size of ASD varied from 11 to 35 mm [mean (23?6) mm] measured by TEE, upper septal rim 4 to 17 mm[mean (10?4) mm], lower septal rim 6 to 22 mm[mean (14?6) mm]. The intracardiac procedure time ranged from 10 to 45 min[(24?13) min]. They were all discharged from the hospital 3 or 4 days after the operation. ConclusionsTEE serves as an important monitoring tool during deployment of the device. It is a necessary adjunct to minimally invasive cardiac surgery. Constant echocardiographic visualisation of the device and its position relative to the atrial septum facilitates proper placement.

Objective To explore the role of Bcl-2 and Bax in pathogenesis of the autism. Methods Female Sprague-Dawley rats were given a single intraperitoneal injection of sodium valproate (VPA, 600 mg/kg) on 12.5 d after pregnancy, their offspring were as the model group; while the other pregnancy rats were given normal saline, their offspring were as the control group. Both groups were observed with the Nissl staining, immunohistochemistry of Bcl-2 and Bax and image analysis 1 d, 7 d, 14 d, 28 d, 56 d after birth. Results Compared with the control group, Nissl staining showed the number of cortical neurons decreased on 1 d and 7 d after birth in the model group, rapidly increased on 14 d after birth, and maintained in high level on 28d , 56 d after birth. For immunohistochemistry, the integrated optical density (IOD) of Bcl-2 and Bax decreased in cortex on 1~14 d after birth (P<0.001) in both groups, and were stable 28 d after birth (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the IOD of Bcl-2 decreased much more at every time point (P<0.001) in the model group, but the IOD of Bax increased on 1 d, 7 d (P<0.001), decreased on 14 d (P<0.001), similar 28 after birth(P>0.05). The ratio of Bcl-2/Bax was the most on 1 d after birth, and then decreased to approximately 1 in the control group, while it was the least on 7 d, most on 14 d, and decrease to less than 128 d after birth. Conclusion Apoptosis of cerebral cortex neurons increases in the autism model rats, especially in the early time.

Objective To explore the mental health and personality traits of the parents of cerebral palsy children. Methods 128 parents of cerebral palsy children and other 128 parents of healthy children were investigated with the Symptom Check List-90 (SCL-90), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ). Results The scores of SCL-90 were more in the parents of cerebral palsy children, especially in the factors of somatization, obsession, depression, anxiety, and paranoid (P<0.01). The personality traits characterized as introversion (P<0.05) and neuroticism (P<0.01). The multiple regression showed that some factors of SCL-90 were related with the personality of neuroticism. Conclusion The mental health of the parents of children with cerebral palsy are poor, which may be related with the personality of neuroticism.

ObjectiveTo observe the effects of Balance Performance Monitor (BPM) on balance capacity of children with spastic cerebral palsy. Methods96 children (2～5 years old) with spastic cerebral palsy were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group. BPM training combined with Bobath approach was used in the experimental group, and the Bobath approach was used in the control group. They were assessed with the BPM before and 2 months after training. Results2 months after training, the balance capacity in both groups improved than before（P<0.05）. Furthermore, the index of experimental group is better than those of the control group（P<0.05）. ConclusionBPM can improve the effects of Bobath approach on the balance capacity of the children with spastic cerebral palsy.

Objective To explore the level of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in blood plasma and its relation with the behavior ofchildren with autism. Methods High performance liquid chromatography was used to measure the level of free PUFAs of blood plasma in30 autistic children and 20 healthy children. Conner's Parent Rating Scale (parents) and the Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised (RBS-R) RatingScale were used to evaluate the behavior of the children, and the relationship between the PUFAs level and abnormal behavior in the childrenwas also analyzed. Results The level of α-linolenic acid (ALA), docosahexenoic acid (DHA) and total n-3 PUFAs were lower in autisticchildren than in healthy children (P<0.05), especially lower in DHA (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in n-3 PUFAs betweentwo groups (P>0.05); There were negatively correlations between the level of DHA and total n-3 PUFAs in blood plasma and impulsion-hyperactivity,hyperactivity index, learning, anxiety, stereotypic behavior, self-injurious behavior, compulsions, ritualistic behavior and samenessbehavior. Conclusion The level of n-3 PUFAs in blood plasma of autistic children was lower than the healthy children and the level ofPUFAs were correlated with the behavior of autistic children.

Objective To study the validity of Dynamic Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment for Children (DOTCA-Ch) on the cognitive function of children with cerebral palsy. Methods 30 children with cerebral palsy were assessed with DOTCA-Ch and Chinese Binet Test of Intelligence by trained rehabilitation medicine graduates within 1 week. The correlation between these tests were analyzed. Results The total DOTCA-Ch scores, spatial orientation and thought operation function were strongly correlated with IQ, while spatial perception,praxis and optomotor tissue were slightly correlated with IQ. Conclusion DOTCA-Ch can comprehensively assess the cognitive function of children with cerebral palsy.

Objective To explore the role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in pathogenesis of autism. Methods 12.5 d pregnantWistar rats were injected sodium valproate (VPA) 600 mg/kg or normal saline (NS). Their newborn rats were observed ethologically.The expression of BDNF was measured in their temporal cortex with immunohistochemical stain. Results Compared with NS group, VPAgroup expressed less body mass (P<0.05), eyes opening delay (P<0.05), poorer coordination response (P<0.05), slower taxis response (P<0.05). The number of social behavior decreased (P<0.05), latency increased (P<0.05), duration shortened (P<0.05), repetitive activities increased(P<0.05). Purkinje cells reduced in cerebellum. The expression of BDNF increased significantly in temporal cortex 1 d, 7 d and 14 dpostnatally (P<0.01), but decreased 35 d and 49 d postnatally (P<0.01). Conclusion BDNF plays a role in the pathogenesis of autism.

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of sensory integration therapy for children with spastic cerebral palsy on standing balance. Methods60 children with spastic cerebral palsy were devided into 2 groups marched their gender, age, body height, body weight and clinical classification. In the experimental group, children accepted routine rehabilitation including physical therapy, massage and exercise therapy, in addition, they accepted 30 min of professional sensory integration therapy. In the control group, children only accepted routine rehabilitation. The course of treatment lasted for 3 months. Before and after rehabilitation, their standing balance was assessed with Balance Performance Monitor (BPM). ResultsThe balance parameters of children with diplegia improved （P<0.05） except left and right excursion after rehabilitation, and improved more in the experimental group （P<0.05）. For the children with hemiplegia, the balance parameters improved （P<0.05） except rectangle area after rehabilitation, and all the balance parameters improved more （P<0.05） in the experimental group. ConclusionSensory integration therapy can facilitate the recovery of balance in children with cerebral palsy.