Applying mitochondrial replacement technique to human assisted reproduction could benefit the fam-ilies with mitochondrial diseases and improve clinical outcomes of assisted reproduction in elderly patients. But it may also lead to a series of medical ethics issues such as the standardization and security of this technology, the conflict with the traditional ethical concepts, the determination of informed consent and confidentiality principles, the health development issues of the offspring, and commercial donation of eggs and so on. As for this, the relevant institutions should strictly control the indications when apply this technology, the government should formulate rele-vant laws and regulations. Simultaneously, it is important to strengthen supervision and management of social eth-ics, improve professional ethics of assisted reproductive personnel, and emphasize the correct guiding role of public opinion.

BACKGROUND: In the tissue engineering studies, the common method of cell detachment is trypsinization. However, this method may decrease cell activity by breaking the extracellular matrix proteins. Therefore, it is important to develop a new cell detachment method which can avoid the damage from trypsinization.OBJECTIVE: Based on that poly N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAAm) could alter its hydrophobic property with the change of temperature, this study aimed to develop a novel method which can control cell detachment by simply changing the temperature. METHODS: IPAAm was dissolved in isopropanol with final concentration of 55% (w/v). IPAAm solution was evenly laid on the surface of TCPS dish, and PNiPAAm was then covalently grafted on the TCPS dish surface by electron beam irradiation. The micro.structure of the surface of TCPS dish was observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) before and after PNIPAAm grafted. Water contact angle was determined by sessile drop method. And an inverted phase contrast microscope was used to observe and evaluate the cell detachment ability of PNIPAAm grafted TCPS dish by subjecting the same dish to different temperatures. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: AFM images showed that a thin and compact PNIPAAm layer formed on the TCPS dish surface. In the water contact angle test, there was no statistic difference between PNIPAAm grafted and ungrafted surfaces at 37 ℃, and the water contact angle of PNIPAAm grafted surfaces was lower than that of ungrafted surface at 20 ℃. The cells adhered to the surface of the PNIPAArn grafted TCPS dish at 37 ℃, which would be detached at 20 ℃.It was successful to control cell detachment by simply changing the temperature with PNIPAAm grafted TCPS dish, and it would be promising to be applied in tissue engineering.

Objective To investigate the distribution of scopolamine into brain following intranasal .Methods Adult Wistar rats were divided into two groups ,and administrated with scopolamine 0 .3 mg via intraperitoneal or intranasal respectively .Two groups of blood concentration and brain concentration of scopolamine were determined by solid phase extraction (SPE) and LC/MS assay at the time point of 5 ,10 ,20 ,30 ,60 ,120 ,240 ,480 min ,and their kinetic parameters were calculated and compared .Results Scopol-amine bioavailability of intranasal administration was 65% ,and the maximum concentration of scopolamine in brain following in-tranasal administration was much higher than that following intraperitoneal administration .Comparing the ratio of AUC in brain and in plasma ,ratio of intranasal administration is bigger than that of intraperitoneal administration significantly (P<0 .05) .Con-clusion It was concluded that scopolamine′s intranasal administration induced the agent targeting distribution into the brain .

Objective To observe the effect of elbow support on muscle activity and subjective feelings of comfort during typing.Methods Ten college students voluntarily participated in this experiment.They typed the same text using elbow supports of five different heights.The distance between their elbows and the desk was supported at 3 cm below,0 cm,and-3 cm and-6 cm above the desk.There was also an unsupported condition.Myoelectric readings were recorded from the right splenius,trapezius,biceps,extensor carpi radialis,flexor digitorum superficialis,flexor carpi radialis,and extensor digitorum muscles.Perceptions of comfort of the neck,shoulder,hand and forearm,and hand using the different supports were surveyed using a questionnaire.Results One way ANOVA shows that the height of the elbow significantly affects the activity of the trapezius,the extensor carpi radialis and the extensor digitorum muscles.Trapezius muscle activity was higher with 3 cm high elbow support than without support,and the value was smaller when using-6 cm elbow support.The activity of the carpi radialis longus extensor was least when using-6 cm and-3 cm elbow support,and greatest with 3 cm support.Extensor digitorum activity was least when using-3 cm high elbow support and again greatest with 3 cm support.The different elbow support heights had no significant relationship with comfort perceptions for any body part.Conclusion The height of elbow support can change the average myoelectric signals from muscles during typing,but there is no significant difference in the typist's perception of comfort.This could be due to a change of typing position and neuromuscular motion control mode in response to the height of elbow support.

Objective To assess the usefulness of left ventricular contrast echocardiography in diagnosis of left ventricular myocardium noncompaction.Methods Contrast echocardiography was done in ten patients who were diagnosed or suspected with left ventricular noncompaction by common transthoracic echocardiography,for further study of the trabecular muscles extent,the continuity of the endocardium,the compact myocardium thickness,and the contrast agent in the trabecula recessus.Results By contrast echocardiography,noncompaction myocardium thickness can be perspicuously observed,the turgor of the contrast agent was vividly detected in the trabecular recessus.Especially for the measurement of compaction myocardium,the contrast echocardiography was more accurate than in the condition of the common echocardiography.Conclusions Left ventricular contrast echocardiography can be used in the diagnosis of left ventricular noncompaction,it was a good added method of conventional echocardiography.

Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFL)and relationship with main chronic diseases in Xuanwu district community of the elderly.Methods 6 779in the elderly physical examination,unified health questionnaire,physical examination,measurement of body mass index,blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,liver function,blood lipids,abdominal B-ultrasound to calculate prevalence of NAFL rate,and its related factors were analyzed.Results NAFL prealence was 38.7％,NAFL group of overweight and obesity,diabetes,high blood pressure,dyslipidemia was significantly higher than the control group.Conclusion NAFL rate was high,and it has close relationship with the metabolic syndrome,NAFL should be placed in community mainly chronic diseases of prevention and control category.

Objective To investigate the expression and signficance of secretory phospholipase A2(sPLA2>) in gastric adenocareinoma. Methods Sixty-five samples of gastric adenocarcinoma (11 with high differentiation, 10 with median differentiation and 44 with low differentiation) and 11 samples of normal gastric mucosa had been obtained from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University from January 2006 to April 2007. Fifty samples of gastric adenocarcinoma were found with lymph node metastasis. The expression of sPLA2> in gastric adenocarcinoma and normal gastric mucosa was detected. The relationship between sPLA2> and the differentiation of gastric adenoearcinoma, lymph node metastasis and helicobacter pylori infection was detected. All the data were processed with chi-square test or Spearman rank correlation. Results The positive rates of the sPLA2> expression in normal gastric mucosa and gastric adenocarcinoma were 36% (4/11) and 78% (51/65). The positive rates of sPLA2> expression in low, median and high differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma were 84% (37/44), 70% (7/10) and 64% (7/11), respectively. The expression of sPLA2> was positively correlated with the malignancy of gastric adenocarcinoma (r =0.272, P <0.05). The positive rates of sPLA2> expression in gastric adenocarcinoma with and without lymph node metastasis were 88% (44/50) and 47% (7/15), respectively. The expression of sPLA2> was correlated with lymph node metastasis (X2 = 9. 347, P < 0.05). The positive rates of sPLA2> expression in gastric adenocarcinoma with and without helicobacter pylori infection were 79% (38/48) and 76% (13/17), respectively. The expression of sPLA2> was not correlated with helicobacter pylori infection (X2 = 0. 000, P > 0.05). Conclusions The activation of sPLA2> gene may be correlated with the genesis of gastric adenocarcinoma. sPLA2> may influence the invasion of gastric adenocarcinoma, and can be used as an indicator in predicting poor prognosis.

Objective:To develop an enzyme immunoassay for the detection of Osteogenic Growth Peptide in serum for clinical investigation.Methods:Two kinds of competitive Enzyme linked immununosorbent assay were employed,based on sensitivity and shape of dose-reaction curve,the most suitable testing pattern was selected for further application.Results:Purified antibody was better than salting-out antibody in competitive Enzyme linked immununosorbent assay in terms of standard curve.Modified competitive Enzyme linked immununosorbent assay was better than competitive Enzyme linked immununosorbent assay in sensitivity.Conclusion:Modified competitive Enzyme linked immununosorbent assay for Osteogenic Growth Peptide is sensitive enough for clinical investigation.

Objective To explore the diagnostic significance of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody(anti-CCP)and the role it plays in the articular erosion in patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Methods The diagnostic significance of anti-CCP?AKA and RF were evaluated respectively.Seventy-five RA patients were devided into group1(limited radiographic damage group)and group2(severe radiographic damage group).The distribution of anti-CCP,AKA and RF in patients of the two groups were investigated.A univariate analysis was used to determine whether anti-CCP?AKA?RF?ANA?ESR?CRP or cutaneous nodules plays a role on articular erosion in RA.To determine which has the best predictive value for severe radiographic da-mage,all variables were entered into a logistic regression model.Results The sensitivity and specificity of an-ti-CCP?AKA and RF were49%,94%;50%,93%;79%,67%respectively.When any two markers were combined,the specificity would be raised.The positive rate of these three markers were much higher in group2than that in group1.Anti-CCP had the highest OR(6.71)for articular erosion in RA.Logistic regression analysis showed a strong correlation between anti-CCP,AKA,CRP or cutaneous nodules and less favourable disease outcomes.Cut.aneous nodules had the strongest correlation with severe radiographic damage.Conclusion Anti-CCP is a satisfactory marker for RA.Diagnostic accuracy appears to be raised when anti-CCP combined with AKA and RF.Anti-CCP has a strong correlation with severe radiographic damage.To investigate multiple risk factors of articular erosion will be helpful to pridict the outcome of RA.

Objective To optimize the best condition of semi-bionic extraction for Vernonia anthelmintica.Methods The best condition of the semi-bionic extraction for V.anthelmintica by uniform design was optimized with total HPLC integrate area of common peaks in fingerprints,total flavonoids and dried extract weight as the indexes.Results According to industry production condition,the best technical condition:pH values of 80% ethanol for the 1st,2nd,and 3rd decoctions were in order of 6.0,6.5,and 8.0,and the extraction time were 1,0.5,and 0.5 h,respectively.Conclusion It is better for V.anthelmintica extracted by semi-bionic extraction,and the parametrs are optimized by uniform design.