Taking Naegleria australiensis, a species of pathogenic free-living amoeba (isolated in Shanghai in 1986), as antigen, two cell lines which provided potentially permanent source of monoclonal antibodies were established by lymphocytic hybridoma technique. The results of identification showed that: (1) the two cell lines could secret two different kinds of McAbs; (2) both of the McAbs were IgG (by gel diffusion); (3) McAbs produced in BALB/c mice were at high concentrations. One of them had a titer of ≥1 : 8 192 and the other≥l : 1 024 (by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay). A decline of the titers after purification by salting-out method was shown. One of the purified McAbs had a titer of≥1: 2 024 and the other≥l : 128.We have adopted two ways of recovering cryopreserved cells : ordinary recovering and "direct" recovering. The latter way was more practical because it could reduce the cycle of antibody production, and avoid contamination and chromosome variation. Experiments with different doses of cells revealed that, if the latter way was used, the optimal dose was 3 to 5 ? 106 cells per mouse.

Objective To study the effects neuromuscular electrotherapy and kinesitherapy on brachial plexus palsy. Methods 20 patients with brachial plexus palsy accepted neuromuscular electrical stimulation on involved muscles, and were followed up for 18～58 months. Other 17 patients accepted neurolysis alone were as control. Results The function of shoulder and elbow in electric stimulation group was significantly superior to that of control (P<0.01). Conclusion Neuromuscular electrotherapy combined with kinestherapy is effective on the brachial plexus palsy.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the best choice of operation opportunity and operation plan for limb fractures combined with severe craniocerebral trauma in children.

METHODSFrom January 2005 to July 2012,36 patients with limb fractures and severe craniocerebral trauma were received,including 24 males and 12 females aged from 1 to 13 years old (mean, 6.1 +/- 3.0). The time from injury to hospital was (18.0 +/- 15.0) h. Glasgow coma score were less than 8 with an average of 6.4 +/- 1.3. AIS-ISS score were 25.9 +/- 8.1. Thirteen patients were open fracture, 23 were closed fracture. Patients were divided into immediate operation group (21 patients) received fracture fixation with 24 h, the average time was (15.0 +/- 7.4) h, and delayed operation group (15 patients) received fracture fixation after 24 h, the average time was (165.4 +/- 114.6) h. All patients were treated by open reduction, and 33 cases by internal fixation, 3 cases were external fixation. Operative time, blood loss, fracture healing time and brain trauma,physical trauma, postoperative rehabilitation situation were observed and evaluated.

RESULTSAll patients were healed at stage I ,and no dead, aggravating of coma, disorders of breathing and circulation occurred during operation. Operative time,blood loss,healing time in immediate operation group was (44.5 +/- 25.3) min, (47.1 +/- 36.5) ml, (2.7 +/- 0.5) months, respectively; while in delayed operation group was (87.0 +/- 40.0) min, (112.7 +/- 67.5) ml, (3.8 +/- 1.2) months,respectively; and there were obvious differences between two groups. There was no siginificant meaning in Glasgow coma score and Fugl-Meyer motor function between immediate operation group (4.7 +/- 0.6, 97.9 +/- 2.7) and delayed operation group (4.7 +/- 0.5, 97.7 +/- 3.9) (t = 0.23, P > 0.05; t = 0.11, P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe condition of limb fractures combined with severe craniocerebral trauma in children is seriously, comfortable surgical opportunity should according to particular case, and immediate operation can performed on the condition of stabled vital signs.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; surgery ; Extremities ; injuries ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Fractures, Open ; surgery ; Humans ; Infant ; Male

In this study, the growth and accumulation of active components of Salvia miltiorrhiza in twenty two experimental sites which crossing through three typical climate zones. The S. miltiorrhiza seedlings with the same genotype were planted in each site in spring, which were cultivated in fields with uniform management during their growing seasons till to harvest. The diterpene ketones (dihydrotanshinone, cryptotanshinone, tanshinone I and tanshinone II(A)) in S. miltiorrhiza root samples were determined by using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. The biomass of root (root length, number of root branches, root width and dry weight) was also measured. The results showed that tanshinone II(A) in all samples of each site were higher than the standards required by China Pharmacopoeia. It has been found there is a relationship between root shape and climate change. The correlation analysis between active components and meteorological factors showed that the accumulation of tanshinones were effected by such meteorological factors as average relative humidity from April to October > average vapor pressure from April to October > average temperature difference day and night from April to October > annual average temperature and so on. The correlation analysis between root biomass and meteorological factors exhibited that root shape and accumulation of dry matter were affected by those factors, such as average annual aboveground (0-20 cm) temperature from April to October > annual average temperature > average vapor pressure from April to October > annual active accumulated temperature > annual average temperature > average vapor pressure from April to October. The accumulation of tanshinones and biomass was increased with the decrease of latitude. At the same time, the dry matter and diameter of root decreased if altitude rises. In addition, S. miltiorrhiza required sunlight is not sophisticated, when compared with humid and temperature. To sum up, S. miltiorrhiza can adapt to a variety of climatic conditions and the southern warm humid climate is more conducive to its growth and accumulation of active components.
Biomass ; China ; Climate Change ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Ecosystem ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Temperature

OBJECTIVETo observe the promoting consciousness effect of electroacupuncture combined with routine western medicine therapy on the patient with coma caused by craniocerebral trauma.

METHODSThirty-two cases were randomly divided into an acupuncture-medication group treated with electroacupuncture at Neiguan (PC 6) and Quze (PC 3) and routine western medicine, and a control group treated with routine western medicine, 16 cases in each group. Glasgow (GCS) scores were assessed after treatment for 7 sessions and 30 sessions respectively and the promoting consciousness rate was observed.

RESULTSAfter treatment of 7 sessions, GCS score was 6.88 +/- 1.63 in the acupuncture-medication group and 5.25-1.65 in the control group with a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05); after treatment of 7 sessions, the promoting consciousness rate was 25.0% in the acupuncture-medication group and 0 in the western medicine group, and after treatment for 30 sessions, the promoting conscious ness rate was 81. 3% in the acupuncture-medication group and 43.8% in the western medicine group with a signifi cant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONElectroacupuncture at Neiguan (PC 6) and Quze (PC 3) combined with western medicine has a good promoting consciousness effect in the patient with coma caused by craniocerebral trauma, which is better than that of simple western medicine.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Coma ; drug therapy ; etiology ; therapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; complications ; Electroacupuncture ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the chemical constituents of Saussurea laniceps.

METHODThe ethanol extract of S. laniceps was separated by means of silica gel chromatography. The compounds isolated from the plant were identified by their spectral evidence.

RESULTFifteen compounds were isolated and identified as beta-stiosterol (1), umbelliferone (2), 4-hydroxyacetophenone (3), scopoletin (4), isoscopoletin (5), xuelianlactone (6), methyl 3-(2', 4'-dihydroxyphenyl) propanoate (7), apigenin (8), neoechinulin A (9), daucosterol (10), scopolin (11), xuelianlactone 8-O-beta-D-glcuoside (12), apigenin 7-glcuoside (13), apigenin 7-lutinoside (14) and syringin (15).

CONCLUSIONCompounds 5-15 were isolated from S. laniceps, and among them, 7 and 9 were isolated from genus Saussurea for the first time.

Apigenin ; chemistry ; Coumarins ; chemistry ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Phenylpropionates ; chemistry ; Phorbols ; chemistry ; Saussurea ; chemistry ; Scopoletin ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; Sesquiterpenes ; chemistry ; Umbelliferones ; chemistry

Objective To determine the prevalence of cervical type-specific human papillomavirus (HPV)infection as well as risk factors associated in Tibet Autonomous Region of China.Methods A cluster sampling study was performed in Lasa,Rikaze and Naqu of Tibet.An epidemiological questionnaire was applied and 3036 cervical specimens were obtained for liquid-based cytology and HPV DNA detection.Statistical analysis included Wald Chi-square and stepwise logistic regression model.Results The overall HPV prevalence of involved 3036 women was 9.19%(279/3036),of which 7.05%(214/3036)of the women were infected by high-risk types (including 14 sorts of types) and 2.14%(65/3036)by low-risk types(including 6 sorts of types).There were no significant differences of HPV prevalence between age groups(P=0.936),race(P=0.718)and areas(P=0.746),respectively.Twenty-one types of HPV were detected,of which HPV16(1.52%) was the most common type,followed by HPV33(1.42%).HPV58(1.22%),HPV52(1.15%),and HPV31(1.05%).HPV type distribution was varied by age.Of the 279 HPV infected women.14.3%(40/279)exhibited multiple HPV infections.Independent risk factors for HPV infection were smoking(P=0.027),number of sex partners(P=0.198)and early age of first intercourse(P=0.237).Conclusion The overall prevalence of HPV infection in Tibet Autonomous Region is lower than that in China or abroad,in which the most common genotype is HPV16 and the independent risk factors for HPV infection included early age of first intercourse,smoking,and number of Bex partners.

OBJECTIVES: We analyzed the chromosomal-arm-level copy number alterations (CNAs) in the cervical exfoliative cell and tissue samples by using the low-coverage whole genomic sequencing technique. METHODS: In this study, we retrospectively collected 55 archived exfoliated cervical cell suspension samples and the corresponding formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue section samples including 27 invasive cervical cancer and 28 control cases. We also collected 19 samples of the cervical exfoliative cells randomly from women to verify the new algorithm model. We analyzed the CNAs in cervical exfoliated cell and tissue samples by using the low-coverage next generation of sequencing. RESULTS: In the model-building study, multiple chromosomal-arm-level CNAs were detected in both cervical exfoliated cell and tissue samples of all cervical cancer cases. By analyzing the consistency of CNAs between exfoliated cells and cervical tissue samples, as well as the heterogeneity in individual patient, we also established a C-score algorithm model according to the chromosomal-arm-level changes of 1q, 2q, 3p, 7q. The C-score model was then validated by the pathological diagnosis of all 74 exfoliated cell samples (including 55 cases in model-building group and 19 cases in verification group). In our result, a cutoff value of C-score > 6 showed 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity in the diagnosis of cervical cancer. CONCLUSION: In this study, we found that CNAs of cervical exfoliated cell samples could robustly distinguish invasive cervical cancer from cancer-free tissues. And we have also developed a C-score algorithm model to process the sequencing data in a more standardized and automated way.
Diagnosis ; DNA Copy Number Variations ; Female ; Genome* ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Population Characteristics ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*