AIM: To evaluate the relationship between central corneal thickness and intraocular pressure in healthy and glaucomatous eyes of adults. To make up to date summary of the results of studies done on the association of central corneal thickness measurements and intraocular pressure measurements in Glaucoma patients and in healthy subject.
●METHODS: To identify relevant studies a search of MEDLINE and Science Direct databases for studies investigating the relationship between central corneal thickness ( CCT ) and intraocular pressure ( lOP ) was conducted. The Search period was from Sep. 10th to Oct. 28th of 2015. Search key words included: central corneal thickness, intraocular pressure, glaucoma, ocular hypertension, exfoliative glaucoma, applanation tonometry, pachymetry, primary open angle glaucoma, Goldmann applanation tonometry. Ln addition, a manual search of “The Year Book of Ophthalmology” Journals 2004 to 2006 lssues in the Southern Medical University Library English language section was done. The following exclusion criteria applied:1) non-English media studies;2 ) studies done before 2005; 3 ) case series and case reviews; 4 ) studies involving treatment protocols or surgical techniques; 5 ) studies comparing glaucomatous eyes with other conditions such as diabetes, hypertension or cardiovascular disease as secondary variables; 6 ) studies with children as study subjects; 7 ) studies with animal subjects.
●RESULTS: There were 12 observational studies and 1 case control study included. Compared to control subjects, patients had significantly increased lOP ( SMD:0. 50, 95% Cl:0. 30~0. 70, Z=4. 88, P<0. 001). Compared to control subjects, patients had significantly decreased CCT levels (SMD:-0. 14, 95% Cl:-0. 23~-0. 05, Z=3. 14, P=0.002). Meta-regression revealed that mean-age (P=0. 025) was found to have a statistically significant relation to the observed CCT difference between glaucomatous eyes and controls.
● CONCLUSION: It has been established that glaucomatous eyes tend to have thinner CCT and higher lOP compared to normal eyes.

Intercellular adhesion molecule -1 is closely related to the occurrence,development and me mastasis of liver cancer.A variety of inflammatory cytokines and stimulus effect on the expression of Intereclluar adhesion molecule-1 through Nuclear factor-kappa B signal transduction pathways.In the stage of inflammation,hepatocirrhusis and tumor,Intercelluar adhesion molecule-1 is expressed differently,and makes different effects on different cells,to promote the occurrence and metastasis of tumor.Diagnostic significance of Intercelluar adhesion molecule1 is to diagnose hepatocellular carcinoma with AFP-negative or suspected-positive more early.What's more it can prognosticate the metastasis and prognosis of liver cancer as a biomarker.Many new treatments of liver cancer are based on the effects on Intercelluar adhesion molecule-1 in different levels producing antitumor function.

Tenascin-C (TNC) is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein, which is usually highly expressed in embryonic tissues and tumor tissues, but is not expressed or just lowly expressed in mature tissues. TNC is involved in various complex signaling pathways during tumor metastasis, especially through modulating FAK, RhoA, Wnt and Notch pathways by interacting with syndecan-4, integrin α5β1, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). As a result, TNC affects epithelial mesenchymal transition, tumor cell adhesion, proliferation and angiogenesis, which eventually enhances the invasion and metastasis ability of many tumors. Further studies have demonstrated that TNC could be used as prognosis or metastasis marker of patients with malignant tumor.
Cell Adhesion ; Humans ; Integrins ; Matrix Metalloproteinases ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasms ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Signal Transduction ; Tenascin ; physiology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

Background The effects of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) in grafting-related immune diseases have attracted more and more attention.Blocking TLR2 signal pathway can extend the survival time of heart and kidney grafts.However, the effects of anti-TLR2 monoclonal antibody on corneal graft have not been confirmed.Objective This study was to investigate the influence of anti-TLR2 monoclonal antibody on corneal graft survival in the rats received penetrating keratoplasty (PKP).Methods Allograft corneal transplantation was performed on the right eyes of 24 SPF female Wistar rats to establish PKP models,with 12 SD rats as donors.The model eyes were randomized into the TLR2 monoclonal antibody group and the model group.Anti-TLR2 monoclonal antibody of 15 μg/30 μl was subconjunctivally injected on day 0,2,4,6 and 8 following the modeling in the TLR2 monoclonal antibody group,and equal amount of normal saline was injected in the same way in the model group.The edema,transparency and neovascularization were observed under the slit lamp microscope after surgery, and rejection index (RI) was scored based on the criteria of Holland.Corneal tissue sections of the rats were prepared for the histopathological examination on day 9 and 15 after operation.The research protocol was approved by the Southern Medical University Ethics Committee.Results Mild corneal edema was found in the two groups 1-4 days after operation.A lot of new blood vessels, edema and opacification of corneas were seen in the model group 9-14 days after operation,but in the TLR2 monoclonal antibody group,corneal opacification was found 15 days after operation.The RI scores were significantly higher in the model group than those in the TLR2 monoclonal antibody group 5,9,15 days after operation (t=4.183,4.954,13.506;all at P＜0.05).The survival time in the TLR2 monoclonal antibody group was 15.5 days,with the 95％ confidence interval (CI) 14.9-16.1;while that in the model group was 9.5 days,with the 95％ CI 8.7-10.3, showing a significant difference between the two groups (Z =12.728,P =0.001).The corneal histopathological examination revealed that corneal stromal edema,infiltration of inflammatory cells and vascular lumen were more prominent 9 and 15 days after operation in the model group than those in the TLR2 monoclonal antibody group.Conclusions Anti-TLR2 monoclonal antibody can inhibit inflammatory response after allograft corneal transplantation and therefore extend the survival time of graft in rats.

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) on blocking the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) induced by acid aspiration. MethodsTwenty new Zealand rabbits were used. Dilute HCl was instilled into right bronchus of the rabbits. The rabbits were then divided randomly into two groups: injury group and treatment group. In injury group ( n = 10) rabbits received no treatment except mechanical ventilation. In treatment group ( n = 10) immediately after acid instillation the rabbits received an intravenous bolus of PGE1 followed by a continuous infusion. Blood gas, airway pressure and dynamic and static compliance were measured before and after acid instillation. Blood samples were taken from artery for determination of 6-k-PGF1α, TXB2, NO2-/NO3- and ET-1. The animals were killed and the wet/dry lung weight (W/D) ratio and total protein of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) of right lung were measured. Microscopic examination of the lung was done. ResultsIn treatment group PaO2 was significantly higher than that in injury group after acid instillation. Plasma 6-k-PGF1α and NO2-/NO3- levels were significantly higher in treatment group while plasma TXB2 and ET-1 levels were significantly lower. W/D ratio and TP of BALF of right lung were significantly lower in treatment group. The inflammatory changes were diffuse in injury group while in treatment group they were localized and less severe. Conclusions PGE1 can lessen severity of ARDS induced by acid aspiration. It may protect pulmonary vascular endothelial cells through maintaining the balance between PGI2 and TXA2 and that between NO and ET-1 .

Objective To compare the efficacy of postoperative noninvasive positive pressure ventilation ( NPPV ) plus standard medical therapy ( SMT) with SMT alone in patients with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD )Methods Twenty-four patients, after upper abdominal or thoracic surgery, who suffered from COPD and moderate to severe respiratory insufficiency, were randomly allocated to receiving SMT alone (oxygen, aminophylline infusion, nebulized beta-2 agonists and anticholinergics, antibiotics administration and chest physiotherapy; control group ,n=12) or NPPV in addition to SMT(NPPV group ,n=12) NPPV was intermittently given with an air-cushioned face mask under the continuous positive airway pressure of 3 cmH 2O and FiO2 of 35%Results There were not significant differences in baselines between both groups 8 patients in control group ( 667%) and all patients in NPPV group recovered with initial therapy with statistically significant difference (P

Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of prostaglandin E 1 (PGE 1) on blocking the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) induced by acid aspiration. Methods Twenty new Zealand rabbits were used. Dilute HCl was instilled into right bronchus of the rabbits. The rabbits were then divided randomly into two groups: injury group and treatment group. In injury group (n=10) rabbits received no treatment except mechanical ventilation. In treatment group (n=10) immediately after acid instillation the rabbits received an intravenous bolus of PGE 1 followed by a continuous infusion. Blood gas, airway pressure and dynamic and static compliance were measured before and after acid instillation. Blood samples were taken from artery for determination of 6-k-PGF 1?, TXB 2,NO 2 -/NO 3 - and ET-1. The animals were killed and the wet/dry lung weight (W/D) ratio and total protein of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) of right lung were measured. Microscopic examination of the lung was done. Results In treatment group PaO 2 was significantly higher than that in injury group after acid instillation. Plasma 6-k-PGF 1? and NO - 2/NO - 3 levels were significantly higher in treatment group while plasma TXB 2 and ET-1 levels were significantly lower. W/D ratio and TP of BALF of right lung were significantly lower in treatment group. The inflammatory changes were diffuse in injury group while in treatment group they were localized and less severe. Conclusions PGE1 can lessen severity of ARDS induced by acid aspiration. It may protect pulmonary vascular endothelial cells through maintaining the balance between PGI 2 and TXA 2 and that between NO and ET-1 .

Crohn Disease ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male

Objective To study the effect of transcranial ultrasound (US) on arterial recanalization in acute ischemic stroke patients.Methods Patients with acute middle cerebral artery (MCA) main stem occlusion after 6 h were randomized into a target group receiving low-frequency,pulse-wave mode,transcranial US for 30 min or a control group.All were treated with intravenous urokinase for thrombolysis.Transcranial doppler sonography (TCD) was used to document vascular occlusion and confirm recanalization at 2 h and 24 h after treatment,and the patients were evaluated using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale ( NIHSS).Results Recanilization (complete or partial) after 2 hours was significantly higher in the US group (44.4％) compared with the control group ( 10.5％ ).Recanalization had occurred in 50％ of the US group 24 hours after treatment compared with 15.7％ of the controls.At 2 h after treatment,33.3％ of the US group and 5.5％ of the controls had improved at least 4 points on the NIHSS assessment.After 24 hours the figures were 44.4％ and 10.5％.After 3 months,11 subjects from US group (61.1％ ) had a modified Rankin score ≤2 compared with 4 subjects (21％) from the control group.Conclusions In acute ischemic stroke,transcranial US has positive effects on recanalization and neural function.

BACKGROUND:Currently,there are many studies concerning the pathogenesis,process,and damage of glaucoma,however,there is not an ideal glaucoma modelOBJECTIVE:To prepare rabbit intraocular hypertension models using three different material injections,and to verify the practical value of intraocular hypetension modelsMETHODS:Thidy New Zealand rabbits were divided randomly into 3 groups,with 10 animals in each group.One eye of each rabbit was served as the experimental eyes and the other eye as control eyes.Autoblood.methyl cellulose,C3F8 was injected into the anterior chamber of the experimental eyes.and the normal saline was injected into the control eyes.The intraocular pressure(IOP)was monitored prior to injection and at hours 0,24,36,48,72,96.120 and 168 after injection.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Intraocular hype Rension models could be induced by injecting 3 kinds of materials,and the IOP was obviously increased after injection(P＜0.05),and the ranges and periods of increasing were varied.The periods of increasing of 3 materials were 1,3 and 7 days,respectively,which could maintain for longer time for a second injection.The IOP ranged 1.86-6.65 kPa,and mild anterior segment inflammation could be found.The experiment demonstrated that intraocular hypeansion models using three different material injections are ideal models,which is characterized by simple,reliable and controllable.The suitable model can be selected for acute or chronic glaucoma research.