The PBL education about the chapter of TB in microbiology for medical English-class students was conducted.The results was analyzed by questionaire,showing that PBL helps to stimulate students' learning enthusiasm and improve the comprehensive ability and enhance the teachers' awareness of the responsibility.

Objective To observe and comparatively analysize the effect of intraperitoneal injection of hydrogen and hydrogen-rich saline in neonatal rats with hyperoxia-induced lung injury.Methods Sprague-Dawley(SD) newborn rats were randomly divided into six groups(n=10).air group(A),air+ hydrogen-rich saline group(B),air+hydrogen group(C),hyperoxia group(D),hyperoxia+hydrogen-rich saline group (E) and hyperoxia+ hydrogen group(F).The group A,B and C were exposed to air and group D,E and F were exposed to 95 ％ oxygen.The group B and E were intraperitoneally injected with hydrogen-rich saline (10 mL/kg,twice daily),while the groups C and F with hydrogen (10 mL/kg,twice daily).The group A and D were injected with normal saline(10 mL/kg,twice daily).Lung tissue and serum samples were collected on 15 d of experiment.The pathological changes of lung tissue and radiate alveoli count (RAC) were observed by HE staining.The content of HYP in lung tissue was detected by the alkaline hydrolysis method,serum SOD and MDA levels were measured.The expression of α-SMA in lung tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry SP method.Results Compared with the A group,RAC and SOD activities in the D group were significantly decreased,while the HYP and MDA levels and α-SMA expression were significantly increased.Hydrogen intervention could significantly alleviate these changes caused by hyperoxia.while intraperitoneal injection of hydrogen got better effect than intraperitoneal injection of hydrogen-rich saline.Conclusion Hydrogen can extenuate the indexes of hyperoxia-induced lung oxidative damage,impairment development and fibrosis to a certain extent.Intraperitoneal injection of hydrogen has slightly better effect than hydrogen-rich saline.

Objective The expression and impaired function of ion channels might be one of the pathophysiological mecha -nisms responsible for diarrhea in inflammatory bowel disease ( IBD) .Proper animal model is the key to explore detailed pathophysiolog-ical process.The purpose of this study was to build a rat model of acute colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in C57BL/6 mice and evaluate diarrhea-associated clinical , histological , pathological parameters and expressions of ion channel protein . Methods C57BL/6J mice of model group were treated with 4%DSS solution for 7 days to induce acute colitis.Mice body weight, stool moisture, stool consistency and the degree of hematochezia were recorded .The histopathological changes of mice colon specimens were observed visually and microcosmically, and the ion channel SLC26A3 protein was detected by Western Blot . Results All experimental mice survived.In the experiment, compared with control group , bloody diarrhea and weight lose occurred in model group , along with increased stool moisture ([73.30 ±8.31]% after experiment vs [44.32 ±6.42]% before experiment, P=0.004), and rapidly in-creased disease activity index (DAI) of acute colitis ([3.50 ±0.87] after experiment vs [1.0 ±0.00] before experiment, P=0.000).At the end of this experiment , compared with control group , the model group resulted in higher colonic damage score and pathological inflammation score (P=0.00, P=0.002), significantly shortened co-lon (P=0.00) and decreased expression of SLC26A3. Conclusion The intestinal mucosal injury and phenotypic features of 4%DSS-induced acute colitis are very similar to those of human ulcerative colitis .Impaired expression of intestinal ion transporter SLC26 A3 coexists with diarrhea in model group mice , and this model can support the research on mechanism of functional changes of ion channels in inflammatory diarrhea .

To investigate the feasibility to produce crocetin in tobacco plants.The coding region of zeaxanthin cleavage dioxygenase (CSzCD) gene from Crocus sativus L. was inserted into the downstream of the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter of a binary vector pBI121, and integrated into the genome of Nicotiana tabacum L. Twenty-one transgenic lines were identified by genomic southern blotting analysis. Western blotting and HPLC analysis of the leaf extracts of transgenic tobacco showed that crocetin was produced in CSzCD gene-transformed plants, while no crocetin was found in the untransformed tobacco.

Justified the necessity of remote pathology consultation in China, and described the basic approach of such consultation in terms of the conditions, organizational framework, specialists and consultation process of the hospital. on the basis of benefit in pationts, the consultation helps the development of the pathology department and other specialist departments at the same time, builds initially a pathology quality control system, and accelerates the multi-discipline diagnosis and treatment approach. Expect to encourage contemplation on international remote pathology consultation in an effort to improve such a practice for the benefit of patients.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the reason of cause of nosocomial infection of AIDS and the events of medical staff exposed to the virus of HIV,to explore the role of activity in the education program and put in practice the education.METHODS To analyze the activity of education about prevention of nosocomial infection of AIDS and postexposure prophylaxis.RESULTS Having practiced the education,all of medical staffs increased the consciousness to prevent the AIDS,there was not a case of exposed to virus of HIV in the first half of year of 2007.CONCLUSIONS Leaders pay attention to and practice the education activity about NI and prevent the staff from exposure to virus of HIV,especially,to realize a series of rules and counter measures,it is key links to prevent AIDS among medical staffs in hospital.

Background Primary conjunctival lymphoid hyperplasia exhibit atypical clinical symptoms and easy to cause misdiagnosis and mistreatment.Understanding the clinical characteristics of primary conjunctival lymphoid hyperplasia is of an important clinical significance.Objective This study was to analyze the clinical characteristics and therapeutic outcome of patients with primary conjunctival lymphoid hyperplasia.Methods The medical records of 20 patients with primary conjunctival lymphoid hyperplasia who was treated in Beijing Tongren Hospital from January 2012 to December 2014 were retrospectively analyed.The age,symptoms,therapy,prognosis,histopathological features and immonochemistry results were reviewed,and the treating approach targeting to different types of conjunctival lymphoid hyperplasia was evaluated.The fellow-up duration was 1-2 years.Results Age of the patients ranged from 27 to 83 years old.The lesions were classified as benign lymphocytic hyperplasia,atypical lymphoid hyperplasia and lymphoma.Majority of lesions located in fornix conjunctiva tissue (90％).Follicle-like appearance was seen in the benign lymphocytic hyperplasia,and pink elavation was exhibited at the bulbar conjunctiva in the atypical lymphoid hyperplasia.A diffuse salmon fish like appearance in conjunctiva was the primary feature of conjunctival lymphoma.Histopathological examination showed that conjunctival benign lymphocytic hyperplasia had follicle-like tissue in lesions,atypical lymphoid hyperplasia exhibited diffuse lymphocyte filtration,and conjunctival lymphoma appeared monocyte filtration.The 3 tpyes of lesions also could be differentiated by immunochemistry.The medicine was applied in the eyes with benign lymphocytic hyperplasia,and the combination of resection of lesions with conjunctival tissue or amniotic membrane transplantation was used for the atypical lymphoid hyperplasia or lymphoma eyes.No recurrence of the lesions was found during fellow-up duration.Conclusions The clinical manifestations of conjunctival lymphoid hyperplasia lesions are varied,and it is easy to be confused with chronic ocular surface diseases.Pathology and immunochemistry are helpful for the differential diagnosis.The treating regimen is dependent on the lesion type.Most patients have a favorable prognosis with treatment.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between genetic polymorphism of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and susceptibility of liver cirrhosis after hepatitis B virus infection in Chinese population. Methods CBM, VIP, CNKI, Wanfang technological periodical full-text databases and Pubmed from set up to July, 2013 were electronically searched to identify case-control studies on the relationship between genetic polymorphism of TGF-β1 promoter 509 site, co-don 869 site and liver cirrhosis after hepatitis B virus infection. The data were quantitatively analyzed by RevMan 5.1 soft-ware after assessing the quality of included studies. Results Six case-control studies were selected for Meta-analysis based on our inclusion and exclusion standards. The results of Meta-analysis showed that the pooled OR value for liver cir-rhosis among Chinese patients after hepatitis B virus infection with T allele of TGF-β1 gene at promoter 509 was 1.02 (95%CI:0.67-1.54), the pooled OR values for patients with TT and CT genotypes were 0.80 (95%CI:0.36-1.78). OR values for pa-tients with C allele of TGF-β1 gene at codon 869 was 1.05 (95%CI:0.69-1.62), the pooled OR values for patients with CC and CT genotypes were 0.98 (95%CI:0.48-2.00). No significant publication bias was found. Conclusion The genetic poly-morphism of TGF-β1 at promoter 509 and codon 869 showed no association with susceptibility of liver cirrhosis after hepati-tis B virus infection in Chinese population.

Objective To explore the association of Gly71Arg mutation in gene of bilirubin uridine 5'-diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase(UGT1A1)and neonatal jaundice in Beijing city Han population.Methods The genotypes and alleles of the Gly71 Arg polymorphism for UGT1A1 gene were identified by polymerase chain reaction-restricted fragment length polymorphism assay in infants of Beijing city Han population of China,including 96 infants with neonatal jaundice[serum bilirubin(307.06?38.5)?mol/L,indirect bilirubin(292.9?35.9)?mol/L] and 101 healthy control infants [serum bilirubin(131.2?42.1)?mol/L,indirect bilirubin(126.3?39.7)?mol/L].The genotypes and allele frequencies of the polymorphism were compared between infants with neonatal jaundice group and healthy infant group(control group).The effect of polymorphism in infants with neonatal jaundice group on serum bilirubin level were analyzed.Results There were significant differences in genotypes distribution in Gly71Arg polymorphism for UGT1A1 gene between the 2 groups(?2=9.47 P=0.002).Compared with control group,neonatal jaundice group had significantly higher Arg allele frequency in the polymorphism for UGT1A1 gene(?2=10.34 P=0.001).There were independent effects of Gly71Arg mutation in the gene on serum bilirubin level in neonatal jaundice group,at the carriers of homozygote of the Arg allele of Gly71Arg polymorphism had higher serum bilirubin levels compared to carriers of heterozygote of the Arg allele of the polymorphism and non-carriers of the Arg allele of the polymorphism(Pa

Objective To investigate the clinical and pathologic features of small gastrointestinal stromal tumors (small GISTs,d ＜ 2.0 cm).Methods Medical records of 95 patients undergoing surgery (endoscopic surgery,thoracoscopic/laparoscropic surgery and open surgery)and diagnosed as having GISTs by pathology and immunohistochemistry in Nanfang hospital from October 2003 to June 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.Based on clinical and pathological results,correlation analyses between risk factors for endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS) and Mitotic count(MI),clinicopathologic parameter and NIH risk classification were performed.Results Among 95 cases (104 lesions),88 were single,while 7 were multiple;81.7％ (85/104) small GISTs arose from stomach,including 87.1％ (74/85)in middle-upper stomach;5 cases (5.3％) presented calcification of different degrees,3 cases(3.2％) presented local necrosis and 2 cases (2.1％) with arrangement of epithelioid cells;88 cases (92.6％) were very low grade of NIH risk classification,6 cases (6.3％) were intermediate risk and 1 case(1.1％) was high risk.Positive rates of CD34 and CD117 were 95.8％ (91/95) and 96.8％ (92/95) respectively.The risk factors (border,mucosal surface,echo and heterogeneity) of EUS had no correlation with mitotic count(P＞0.05).The correlation analysis between clinicopathologic features and NIH risk classification revealed tumors more than 1.5 cm had a striking correlation with NIH risk classification (P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Most small GISTs,single or multiple,located at middle-upper stomach,were of very low or low risk,and have a favorable prognosis.But it has worse biological behavior and a higher grade risk when the diameter is more than 1.5 cm,intervention should be recommended.