ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Compound Anisodine Injection in the acupoint of the patients with cerebral infarction (CI) at recovery stage. Methods54 patients with CI at recovery stage were injected Compound Anisodine Injection into the acupoint Taiyang. They were assessed with the Ashworth Scales 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8 h after injection. ResultsThe scores of Ashworth scale in affected sides reduced first and then reconverted after injection, but no changes in the health side. ConclusionThe Compound Anisodine Injection injecting into the acupoint Taiyang can reduce the muscular tension of paralytic limbs of patients with CI stroke at recovery stage.

The PBL education about the chapter of TB in microbiology for medical English-class students was conducted.The results was analyzed by questionaire,showing that PBL helps to stimulate students' learning enthusiasm and improve the comprehensive ability and enhance the teachers' awareness of the responsibility.

Objective: To explore the effect of designed experiment teaching on the experiment of medical microbiology.Methods: Designed experiment teaching method was contrasted with traditional teaching method in experiment of medical microbiology of five grades English-class students.Results: Designed experiment teaching method,superior to traditional,can stimulate the students' study enthusiasm and enhance their colligate abilities.Conclusions: Designed experiment teaching method is a successful trial of teaching reform and also an important measure to improve microbiology experiment teaching quality.

Objective To discuss the resistance problems in Chinese psychotherapy.Methods The western psychology research literature was combined with the application of thought imprint psychotherapy under lower resistance(TIP) in Chinese psychotherapy clinical experience.Results The problems of resistance encountered in the process of psychological treatment were influenced by Chinese traditional culture,which were different from western psychology on causes,classification,performance and handling.Conclusion Respecting Chinese traditional culture,seizing the psychological characteristics of Chinese people and exerting the advantages of TCM psychology were keys of knowing the resistance problems in Chinese psychotherapy.

Many patients suffering from insomnia,especially chronic insomnia are treated by hypnotics.While taking hypnotics for long time will lead to drug dependence.How to fulfill gradual reduction of hypnotics has become one of the big problems doctor meet clinically.Drug dependence can be classified into two aspects.One is psychological,the other is pathological.Psychological treatment has advantage in the procedure of reducing drug.Thought imprint psychotherapy under lower resistance (TIP) which combines traditional Qigong,relaxation and cognitive-behavioral therapy of modern clinical psychology is a psychotherapy fit for Chinese.TIP techniques used during reduction procedure of hypnotics have been improved.

Objective To introduce personality-reshaping technique in the static state of Qigong to enrich modern clinic psychotherapy. Methods Based on previous therapeutic experience, we introduce personality-reshaping technique in the static state of Qigong. Results Personality-reshaping technique in the static state of Qigong can change personality of patients through series of techniques. Conclusion Personality-reshaping technique in the static state of Qigong has great clinical values.

ObjectiveTo investigate MR imaging features of endolymphatic sac and vestibular aqueduct in patients with large vestibular aqueduct syndrome (LVAS) and its correlation with hearing loss.MethodsMR imaging findings of LVAS were analyzed in 31 cases (62 ears) retrospectively.MR imaging features were grouped into 4 types.In the first type,the signals of endolymphatic and vesitibular aqueduct were hypointense without any hyperintense area.In the second type,the signals of endolymphatic sac and vestibular were hyperintense which were confined within vestibular fissure.In the third type,the area from vestibular aqueduct backward out of the edge of the petrous bone was hyperintense,but its lower boundary was above posterior semicircular.In the fourth type the area which was hyperintense was below the posterior semicircular.To avoid errors in visual inspection,the hyperintense and hypointense area of endolymphatic and the signal intensity of vestibular aqueduct and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)were measured.The differences of signal intensity among the vestibular endolymphatic sac between the high-signal areas and lowsignal areas were compared with paired t-test.The correlation of the endolymphatic sac MRI classification and degree of hearing losswasanalyzedby correctedChi-squaretestandSpearmancorrelation analysis.ResultTen ears belonged to type Ⅰ (moderate hearing loss in 1 ear,severe in 4 ears,profound in 5 ears),17 ears belonged to type Ⅱ ( moderate hearing loss in 1 ear; severe in 5 ears,profound in 11 ears),23 ears to type Ⅲ (moderate hearing loss in 3 ear,severe in 5 ears,profound in 15 ears) and 12 ears belonged to Ⅳ(mild hearing loss in 1 ear,moderate in 1 ear,severe 3 ear,profound in 7 ears).The boundary between hyperintense and hypointense area was clear,and the signal intensity ratios was 2.02 ± 0.06.The signal ratios of hyperintense and hypointense area to vestibular and CSF were 0.95 ±0.12,0.49 ±0.10,0.99 ± 0.08 respecitively.So there was statistical significant difference between hyperintense and hypointense area ( t =- 24.966,P ＜ 0.05 ),but there was no statistical significant difference between hyperintense area and vesitbular( t =-24.966,P ＞ 0.05).There was no difference of hearing loss between different MRI types ( likelihood ratio =5.02,P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusions Not only endolymphatic sac enlarged but also perilymph herniated into skeletal fissures of vestibular aqueduct in patients with LVAS.The signal intensity of the endolymphatic sac did not show significant correlation with degree of hearing loss.

Objective To evaluate the impact of endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) and bile duct exploration with open surgery on immune function and inflammatory response.Methods Fifty-one patients with choledocholithiasis were divided into endoscopy group ( EG,n =24) and laparotomy group ( LG,n =27 ) according to the patients' will from June 2010 to February 2012.Procalcitonin( PCT),C-reactive protein (CRP),immunoglobulins (IgA 、lgG 、IgM ) and T lymphocyte (CD4、CD8 ) of peripheral blood were examined preoperatively and on the 1st,3rd and 5th day postoperatively.Results Compared with preoperative levels,postoperative levels of serum PCT and CRP were higher in both groups (P ＜0.01 ),but on the 3rd day after the operation,the changes of PCT and CRP levels in the two groups were not significantly different ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Postoperative levels of serum immunoglobulins of two groups were lower than preoperative levels (P ＜ 0.01 ),but the IgA and IgM levels in EG were significantly higher than those in the LG (P ＜ 0.05),and IgG levels in the two groups were not significantly different after surgery ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Compared with preoperative levels,postoperative levels of CD4,CD8 and CD4/CD8 ratio in EG were only slightly decreased (P ＞ 0.05 ),and returned to the preoperative levels on the 5th day postoperatively,but postoperative levels of these variables in LG were decreased significantly ( P ＜ 0.05).Postoperative levels of CD4,CD8 and CD4/CD8 ration of the two groups were significantly different (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Both EST and bile duct exploration with open surgery can inhibit immune function and induce inflammation,but the procedure of EST,which may mainly affect humoral immune function,has impact on immune function less intensely.

Objective To investigate the relationships between seven single nucleotide pdymorphisms(SNPs), including 6788895(SIAH2 gene), rs10941679(5p12), rs889312(MAP3K1), rs13387042(2q35), rs6504950(17q23), rs17530068(6q14) and rs2284378(20q11), and female breast cancer of Hui and Han nationalities.Methods A hospital-based case-control using age and nationallity as frequency matching conditions was conducted in Affiliated General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University.Results ①A total of 225 breast cancer patients and 225 controls were enrolled in this study.There was no significant differentce between case group and control group in age(48.27±9.27 vs 48.48±9.36, t=0.238,P=0.812) or nationallity (181 Han people and 44 Hui people vs 184 Han people and 41 Hui people, x2=0.131, P=0.718).②The subjects of study conformed to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium principles.③The genotype and allele distribution of the above seven SNPs were not significantly different between cases group and control group of Hui and Han nationalities.Conclusion The seven SNPs mentioned above may not be related to breast cancer among people Hui and Han nationalities.

Conventional diagnostic methods used for pathologic nipple discharge (PND) include color ultrasound, mammary mo-lybdenum target X-ray radiography (mammography), nipple cytologic smears, and ductography. Diagnosis of PND through inspection yields indirect signs and has low positive rate. Fiberoptic ductoscopy (FDS) allows direct visualization of intra-ductal lesions, evaluates etiology of PND, and accurately locates intraductal lesions through wire marking. FDS is a valuable test for the early diagnosis of breast cancer and can help identify appropriate location for surgical excision. Interventional treatment for ductal ectasia and inflamma-tion is also efficient. Our study discusses FDS as a novel diagnosis and treatment method for PND patients.