The study aims to establish a quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (QNMR) method for the determination of the absolute content of bosentan. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy [1H NMR] spectra were obtained in CDCl3 with the internal standard dimethyl terephthalate and zg30 pulse sequence by using a Bruker AVANCE II 400 spectrometer. The content of bosentan is determined with QNMR in comparison with the result obtained by mass balance method. The result is 96.25% by QNMR and 96.54% by mass balance method. A rapid and accurate QNMR method has been established for the quantitative determination of the absolute content of bosentan. The study provides a new way for the quality control and calibration of a new reference standard material, it could be the complementary with the mass balance method for the assay of standard reference.
Calibration ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; methods ; Molecular Structure ; Protons ; Quality Control ; Sulfonamides ; chemistry

Hydatidosis is the largest parasific disase in human being. The patients often contract hydatidosis in the childhood. The slow growth of hydatid cysts in the organ involved may lead to a protracted course of disease. In the early stage of the diseases, there are no distinct subjecive symptoms. Early diagnosis is difficult by routine examination. The complications of hydatidosis causing serious damage to the organs may often lead to sudden death. It is essential to make an early and correct diagnosis and give treatment. B-mode ultrasonography not only detects the location, dimension and chracteristics of hydatid cysts but also shows the pathological changes of the various complications caused by hydatidosis and faciliates to select the best program of operation. B-mode ulttasonography is the method of choice in the diagnosis of hydatidosis. In this series of 931 patients with hepatic hydatid disease, the diagnostic accuracy rate of B-mode ultrasonography reached 98. 8%.

Objective:To develop the uniformity models for felodipine sustalned-release tablets from 3 manufacturers by NIRS in order to study the difference in the preparation technology and detect and screen the tablets quickly by the robust, accurate and repre-sentative models. Methods:The uniformity models for the tablets from 3 manufacturers among 6 manufacturers with evaluative casual inspection were established by NIRS. Region 4 000-9 000 cm-1 was chosen as the modeling section, and the first derivative plus vector normalization was used as the preprocessing method. Results:The uniformity models for the tablets from the three manufacturers was established and used to predict the samplings from the six manufacturers. The prediction success rate was 100%. Conclusion: NIRS can be used to identify felodipine sustalned-release tablets from different manufacturers quickly and study the preparation technology.

Objective To evaluate the CT features and the role of CT in the diagnosis of Crohn′s disease. Methods CT manifestations of 18 patients with pathology confirmed Crohn′s disease were retrospectively analyzed. The majority of the patients were scanned with spiral CT or multidetector row CT.Results All 18 patients, segmental thickening of the bowel wall was detected. There were two different appearances in contrast-enhanced CT scans: (1) mural thickening without enhancement or mural stratification, and homogeneous attenuation in the thickened wall were observed in 7 patients; (2) mural thickening and stratification, resulting in the target or double-halo appearance, were detected in 11 patients, and the bowel wall thickening ranged from 5 to 10 mm. Nine patients had perienteric abnormalities including fibrofatty proliferation, phlegmon and mesenteric hypervascularity. According to the CT manifestations, 5 patients were initially diagnosed as other diseases including intestinal obstruction (1 case), tuberculosis (1 case), cancer (2 cases), and abscess (1 case), respectively. Conclusion CT has the unparalleled ability to depict the abnormalities in the bowel wall, mesentery, abdominal and pelvic viscera, and contrast-enhanced CT can distinguish active Crohn′s disease from quiescent Crohn′s disease. These features make CT particularly valuable in the management of Crohn′s disease.

Objective To study the relationship between Treg cell numbers and level of TGF-β1,IL-10 in the immune microenvironment of rat liver cancer.Method 40 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups,liver cancer model group (n =20),saline control group (n =10) and blank control group (n =10).Liver cancer model was established by intraperitoneal injection of DEN (100 mg/kg).Percentage of Treg cells in cancer tissues was detected by fiow cytometry and the expression level of TGF-β1 and IL-10 by immunohistochemical SABC.Results The ratio of Treg cells in CD4 + T cells was 14.32％ ± 4.84％ in liver cancer tissues,significantly higher than that in the blank control group 5.64％ ±6.10％ and the saline control group 7.95％ ±3.55％.The difference was statistically significant (F =211.279,P ＜ 0.05).The expression level of TGF-β1 and IL-10 in cancer tissues was significantly higher than the blank control group and the saline control group (FTGF-β1 =250.740,FIL-10 =152.744,all P ＜0.05).The number of Treg cells was positively correlated with TGF-β1,IL-10 level (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions TGF-β1,IL-10 and Treg cells significantly increased in rat experimental liver cancer tissues,and there was positive correlation between Treg cells,and TGF-β1 and IL-10 in liver cancer tissues.

Objective To summarize the clinical and pathological characteristics of incidental gallbladder carcinoma,analyze the factors such as surgical procedures,tumor stages that associated with prognosis,and standardize the diagnosis and treatment strategy of incidental gallbladder carcinoma. Methods Between January 1991 and October 2009,27 incidental gallbladder carcinoma patients were treated in Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH).A retrospective study was performed based on the clinical data of these patients to evaluate the methods of diagnosis,curative treatment and prognosis. Results Twenty-seven patients were collected (8 male and 19 female) with the mean age of (68.3 ± 1.9)years.Abdominal pain,obstructive jaundice and fever were the main symptoms of incidental gallbladder carcinoma.All the 27 cases underwent open cholecystectomy based on preoperative tentative diagnosis of benign disease,and carcinoma of gallbladder was confirmed by postoperative pathology.In this group(9 lowdifferentiation,9 moderate-differentiation,4 high-differentiation and 5-carcinogenesis from adenoma).Two cases were on the stage of Nevin Ⅰ,5 on Nevin Ⅱ,8 on Nevin Ⅲ,5 on Nevin Ⅳ and 7 on Nevin Ⅴ.The survival terms were of statistic significance between the radical cholecystectomy groups and simple cholecystectomy groups(x2 =4.450,P=0.035); The prognosis of patients on stages Ⅰ、Ⅱ are better than those who are on stages Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ (x2 = 6.825,P = 0.014). Conclusion The clinical manifestations of incidental gallbladder carcinoma are diverse,which usually lead to misdiagnosis.Frozen section examination during operation is key to diagnose incidental gallbladder carcinoma.Surgical operation is the first choice of therapy,offering much better prognosis than those received simple cholecystectomy.

Azure Stains ; chemistry ; DNA, Neoplasm ; analysis ; chemistry ; Humans ; Rosaniline Dyes ; chemistry ; Staining and Labeling ; economics ; methods ; Stomach Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Aged ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; methods ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Keratins ; metabolism ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; metabolism ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

Adolescent ; Aged ; Aspergillosis ; microbiology ; pathology ; Aspergillus ; isolation & purification ; Brain Diseases ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; pathology ; surgery ; Diabetes Complications ; microbiology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mucorales ; isolation & purification ; Mucormycosis ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Nose Diseases ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; pathology ; surgery

Objective To summarize the clinical and pathological characteristics of primary gallbladder carcinoma, analyze factors such as surgical procedures, tumor stages that associated with prognosis, and standardize the diagnosis and treatment strategy for primary gallbladder carcinoma.Methods From January 1986 to October 2009, 197 patients of primary gallbladder carcinoma were treated in Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH). A retrospective study was performed basing on clinical data of these patients, statistical analysis carried out using SPSS version 13.0, Kaplan-Meier estimate employed for the survival analysis and Log-rank test for the group comparisons. Results One hundred and ninety-seven patients were enrolled (73 male and 124 female) with the mean age of 64.4±1.1years. Abdominal pain (77.3%) , obstructive jaundice (33.6%) and fever (19.5%) were the main symptoms of primary gallbladder carcinoma, with accompanying cholecystolithiasis in 99 cases. B-mode ultrasonic examination and CT scan were important for preoperative diagnosis. Nevin stages and surgical modalities were independent prognosis factors. For stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ patients the survival terms were not different between those receiving radical cholecystectomy and simple cholecystectomy. However, for stage Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ patients the survival terms were of statistically different between those in radical cholecystectomy group and simple cholecystectomy group. Conclusions For stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ patients, simple cholecystectomy is a good surgical procedure. For those at more advanced stages, radical cholecystectomy is the choice of therapy, while simple cholecystectomy also improves the prognosis compared with laparotomy only.