Objective To study the nursing features and effects of using insulin pump in gestational diabetes , and to grope for pregnant women during pregnancy care and education mode , how to make the gestational diabetes pregnant women safely through pregnancy to ensure that maternal and child health.Methods A retrospective analysis were done on 47 cases of gestational diabetes pregnant which treated by insulin pump from January 2004 to January 2009, reinforced therapy of using insulin pump and comprehensive care measures including mental nursing, diet therapy, appropriate physical training, skill nursing, healthy education and so on were taken.Results The blood glucose of all patients were well controlled, there were no complication of hypoglycemia reaction, hypoglycemia reaction, diabetic hyperosmolar coma, diabetic ketoacidosis and fetal distress in uterus.Conclusion It is considerable significance that perfect pregnancy care, active and effective nursing inter-vention for reducing infant and maternal complications and ensuring maternal and child health .

OBJECTIVE:To select an optimal extraction technique of Whitmania pigra whiman.METHODS:The af?fecting factors such as variety of solvent,temperature,time,the amount of solvent and the frequency of the extraction were studied on the basis of protein content in the hirudo extract and activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT).RESULTS:The optimum extraction result was obtained in4%NaCl solvent of10-fold as much as the medicine with3times of extraction at60℃for6h((3h+2h+1h).CONCLUSION:The present technique is simple,scientific and practicable.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the status and risk factors of nosocomial infections in geriatric department and to lay down the intervention strategy.METHODS Prospective monitoring and retrospective investigation were carried out to analyze 218 cases of nosocomial infection in geriatric department.RESULTS The lower respiratory tract infection was the main one in geriatric department(69.4%),which was followed by urinary tract infection(22.5%).The risk factors included old ages,prolonged hospitalization,using broad spectrum antibiotics widely,severe underlying illness,invasive operating manipulation and so on.CONCLUSIONS General intervention strategy should be adopted to control the nosocomial infections in geriatric department in order to cut down the infection rate and increase the rate of curing.

Disorders of gastrointestinal motility are common complications in patients with diabetes mellitus and may involve the whole alimentary tract. Dyspepsia, gastroparesis and constipation are very common. Gastric dysfunction in diabetes may influence the pharmocokinetics of hypoglycemic and other drugs. This article reviews the disorders of gastrointestinal motility in diabetes and possible mechanisms.

BACKGROUND: Officers and intellectuals are bearing heavy government affairs and tasks of teaching and scientific research. It is practically important to acknowledge and master their body constitution, which can help to instruct them to scientifically build their bodies.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the body function and shape as well as body constitution of scientific researchers and officers in Handan, and analyze the existing problems and bring out the settlement.DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.SETTING: Hebei Provincial Committee Party School.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 499 subjects, aged 20-59 years, including238 males and 261 females were selected from government officers, university teachers and scientific researchers of institute and aeademy by using stratified and cluster random sampling. Subjects aged 20-39 were divided into adult group A (50.5%), and those with the age ranged 40-59 were taken as adult group B (49.5%).METHODS: All subjects fulfilled the questionnaire (including whether they had hospitalized history, and the smoking condition, exercise condition, reasons why did not participate in the sports, sports items that patients took part in, the place they conducted athletic activities, time of each exercise and exercise times per week etc.) and were measured of the body constitution.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Indexes of body function and shape,including body height, body mass, chest circumference, waistline, hip circumference and skinfold at all parts of body as well as the pulse in quiet state, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and lung capacity etc. ②Indexes of body constitution, including grasp force,bend-ahead in sitting, stand up on one leg with eyes closed, choice reaction time simple reaction time, back strength, 10 m×4 shuttle run, and pushup (male)/sit-up (female) etc. The results of test were scaled according to the Report of Monitoring of Chinese Adult Constitution, edited by the State Physical Cultural Administration. Those with the score greater than 17 points passed, while those less than 17 points failed.③The relationship between status quo of body constitution and life style.RESULTS: A total of 499 subjects were involved in the analysis of results.①With the age increasing, the body mass in males and females were increased with circumferences being enlarged and subcutaneous fat increased, and the shape was in horizontal development. The body function in females with the age ranged 20-40 were relatively stable, and began to descend at 40. The body function in adult males descended gradually and stably with the descending speed lower than in females. The force, bursting strength of lower limbs, position sense, coordination of sight and proprioceptive sense, speed in motion and response etc. Of adult males were better than males, while the extensibility and tenacity of joint, muscle and tendon were superior in females than in males. All indexes of constitution in males aged 20-40 were better, while the tenacity and speed in motion and response of males older than 40 began to decay rapidly. ②The pass rate in males of adult group A was 87.5% and was 87.3% in females, while that in males of adult group B was 80.2% and was 74.8% in females. ③The pass rate in populations with exercise custom was greatly higher than in those without it, while the proportion of exercise people accounted little in the subjects. It accounted for 40.7% in males of adult group A and for 28.6% in females, and it accounted for 37.3% in males of adult group B, and for 31.6% in females. ④Body constitution in people who never smoke and occasionally smoke were better than in those often smoke. The pass rate in people who had been hospitalized was a little lower. ⑤The pass rate in subjects who exercised three or four times each week was much higher,and it was the highest in subjects exercised 30-60 minutes each time.CONCLUSION: ①The constitution in population older than 40 is significantly worse and worse. ②Sports activities can remarkably promote the body constitution.③Smoking has obvious side effects on body constitution.④It can reinforce the body constitution by doing sports activity for 30-60 minutes and 3 or 4 times each week.

Objective To analyze the clinical value and safety of capsule endoscopy in the digestive tract diseases.Methods 55 cases of inpatients or outpatients were given the capsule endoscopy examination.The positive detection rate and safety were observed.Results The positive detection rate was 87.3％,the diagnostic rate was 50.9％.Capsule retention in the body happened in 2 cases (1 case of small intestine space-occupying lesions,decided to take the operation,another 1 case got Crohn's disease,intestinal incomplete obstruction),the occurrence rate was 1.5％.Conclusion The capsule endoscopy make up some shortcomings of the traditional gastrointestinal endoscope,but also show some drawbacks,so improving performance of instrument of the capsule endoscopy,expanding the scope of application of capsule endoscopy will be the development direction of the capsule endoscopy in the future.

Objective To observe any therapeutic effect of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) on bone loss in spinal cord injury (SCI) patients.Methods Fifty-five patients with SCI were divided into two groups randomly.The twenty-six patients in the control group (group B) were given only routine rehabilitation treatment; the twenty-six patients in the treatment group (group A) received PEMF therapy in addition.Results After 12 weeks of treatment,the average bone mineral density (BMD) of the proximal femur (including total,neck,Wards,inter,troch) in group A was significantly higher than in group B.The levels of bone-gamma-carboxyglutamic acid containing protein (BGP) and 1,25 (OH)2D3 in group A increased significantly,while they decreased in group B.Urine-pyridinium/crealinine (U-Pyd/Cr) levels in group A decreased significantly,while in group B they were higher than before.There were statistically significant differences between the two groups.Conclusion PEMF treatment can effectively retard bone loss in SCI patients.It has good preventive and curative effects on osteoporosis after SCI.

Objective To observe autonomic nerve function damage in diabetic patients with gastrointestinal symptoms. Methods Twenty-four patients of diabetes mellitus (DM) with gastrointestinal symptoms, as well as 20 cases of DM without gastrointestinal symptoms and 17 health volunteers were recruited from the clinic of gastroenterology, Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing during December 2008 to May 2009, and standard cardiovascular reflex test was performed for all of them to determine their functions of the autonomic nerve. Results Respiratory rate (an indicator of parasympathetic nerve function) was ( 14 ± 5 ) times per minute in patients of DM without dyspepsia, obviously lower than that in healthy controls [(20±10) times per minute], and that in patients of DM with dyspepsia was (9 ±6) times per minute, obviously lower than that in healthy controls and asymptomatic ones ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). Scores of five indicators of the autonomic nerve functions, and the sympathetic, parasympathetic nerve and overall autonomic nerve functions were significantly higher in patients of DM with gastrointestinal symptoms than those in the patients without dyspepsia and healthy controls. Abnormality rate of autonomic nerve functions was 96 percent (23/24) in the patients with dyspepsia, 58 percent (14/24) in those definitely and seriously involved, and five percent (1/20) in those without dyspepsia. Conclusions Autonomic neuropathy exists in most diabetic patients with dyspepsia, both sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve involved. Impairment of parasympathetic nerve function occurs earlier than that of sympathetic nerve in patients of DM.

Endothelial Cells ; metabolism ; physiology ; Stem Cells ; metabolism ; physiology

China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Occupational Diseases ; epidemiology