Objective To observe the clinical effects of estradiol valerate and drospirenone applying in missed abortion and curettage before and after operation.Methods 160 patients with missed abortion parallel curet-tage were chosen,who were randomly divided into the observation group and control group by the number table meth-od.Two groups of patients were oral misoprostol 400 g before uterine curettage 1 h,and then were treated with ultra-sonic curettage after filling the bladder and postoperative routine use of antibiotics for 3 D.3 D before the curettage, observation group were treated with oral estradiol valerate 4 mg for 3 D,2times a day..After curettage of the day, drospirenone orally was given for 1 tablet every night,used in conjunction a cycle for 3weeks.The control group before and after curettage were given without estradiol valerate and drospirenone.Operation time,bleeding volume,postopera-tive bleeding time and bleeding volume,the time of the first menstrual cycle,endometrial repair and postoperative complications were observed in the two groups.Results In the control group,operation time,intraoperative bleeding volume,for the first time the resumption of menstruation tide time,endometrial thickness,postoperative complication rate were (6.05 ±0.49)min,(50.88 ±9.18)mL,(36.51 ±1.95)d,(4.08 ±0.56)mm and 15.0%;the data of the observation group were (4.46 ±0.45)min,(35.63 ±8.24)mL,of (29.28 ±1.57)d,(6.11 ±0.76)mm and 3.8%.The operation time,intraoperative bleeding volume,for the first time the resumption of menstruation tide time, endometrial thickness,postoperative complication rate differences of the two groups were statistically significant(t =-11.264,-16.643,-24.93,19.151,χ2 =5.959,all P <0.05).Conclusion Giving estradiol valerate and flexor buspirone before and after missed abortion and curettage,can effectively improve the short -term and long -term complications of uterine curettage,and improve the clinical efficacy of dilatation and curettage.

Objective To observe the effect of pre-intervention with electroacupuncture on oxidative stress (OS) and inflammatory reaction after hepatectomy under portal occlusion.Method Thirty patients going to receive hepatectomy under Pringle's portal occlusion were randomized into an electroacupuncture group and a sham electroacupuncture group, 15 cases each. Three days prior to the surgery, the patients started to receive corresponding acupuncture or sham electroacupuncture treatment by selecting bilateral Riyue (GB24), Qichong (ST30) and Yanglingquan (GB34), once a day. The anesthesia method was general (inhalational and intravenous) anesthesia. Central venous blood was drawn before the surgery, and respectively 6 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after the surgery to examine the OS-relatedparameters, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as the inflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and IL-10.Result Compared to the sham electroacupuncture group, the SOD activity significantly increased (241±11.4 U/mL,180±12.6 U/mL,P<0.05) and the MDA level significantly dropped in the electroacupuncture group at 6 h and 24 h after the surgery(11.0±0.8 mmol/L,10.0±0.9 mmol/L,P<0.05); there were no significant between-group differences in the rest indexes (P>0.05).Conclusion Pre-intervention with electroacupuncture can up-regulate the activity of SOD and down-regulate the level of MDA in patients after hepatic portal occlusion, and thus partially reduce OS, but it doesn't shownoticeable effecton inflammatory response.

Objective To analyze the relationship between serum 25 hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD) levels and semen pa?rameters. Methods The serum levels of 25OHD were examined in 68 healthy men, who were divided into three groups. Twenty-two cases were included in 25OHD normal group (30μg/L≤25OHD<40μg/L), 20 cases were in 25OHD relatively insufficient group (20μg/L≤25OHD<30μg/L), and 26 cases were in 25OHD deficiency group (25OHD<20μg/L). The se?rum reproductive hormones including follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E 2), prolactin (PRL) and testosterone (T) were detected by chemiluminescence immune analysis. Semen samples were collected by mastur?bation after a period of abstinence for 3 and 7 days. The total sperm count, sperm concentration, percentage of progressive motile sperm and percentage of normal morphology sperm were measured by sperm quality analyzer. Results There were no significant differences in FSH, LH, E2, PRL and T levels between three groups, and which were all in normal ranges. The total sperm count, sperm concentration, percentage of progressive motile sperm and percentage of normal morphology sperm were significantly lower in 25OHD relatively insufficient group and 25OHD deficiency group than those in 25OHD normal group. The total sperm count and the percentage of progressive motile sperm were significantly lower in 25OHD deficiency group than those in 25OHD relatively insufficient group (P<0.05). There were no statistical differences in sperm concentra?tion and percentage of normal morphology sperm between 25OHD deficiency group and 25OHD relatively insufficient group. Conclusion The decrease of semen quality may be related to serum 25OHD at the relatively insufficient and deficiency lev?els. The effect of 25OHD on semen parameters may not be mediated by reproductive hormones.

Objective To analyze the incidence and related risk factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in the respiratory intensive care unit (RICU).Methods We recruited 204 patients from RICU of our hospital between January 2015 and December 2015.The basic clinical data of the patients were also collected.Bedside venous ultrasonography of double lower limbs was taken 24-48 hours after admission.The patients were divided into DVT group and non-DVT group.The clinical data of the two groups were analyzed and compared using Chi-square test or t test,Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze risk factors,and ROC curve analysis was used to identify the disease.Results Among the 204 patients,39 were identified with DVT,with the overall incidence rate of 19.1％.D-dimer in DVT group was significantly higher than that in non-DVT group (P＜0.001).The two groups did not significantly differ in age,sex,smoking history,underlying diseases,or other laboratory test results.The area under the ROC curve of D-dimer was 0.787,and the cut off value was 1.985 mg/L (sensitivity of 0.641,specificity of 0.817).Conclusion D-dimer is closely associated with increased incidence of DVT in COPD patients.

Objective To analyze the dermal irritation characteristics of 8 types of cosmetics.Methods The selected 917 cosmetics samples of 8 types,which were underwent the health safety test in China during 2005-2007,were assessed in the acute dermal irritation according to the related standards and the data were statistically analyzed using CMH method.Results The dermal-irritant samples were detected in different levels in 8 types of cosmetics.In terms of the irritation of cosmetics and the dermal damage caused by cosmetics,the cosmetics for hair,for face clean and for bath showed a significant higher proportion compared with the other types of cosmetics and the dermal damage could last for more than 14 days.Conclusion The acute dermal-irritability is different in 8 types of cosmetics,the cosmetics for hair,for face clean and for bath can cause the irritation and damage in the skin in degrees.

Objective To find the normal range and features for auditory brainstem responses(ABR)of infants within six months,and the basic parameters for identifying the hearing impaired infants.Methods May 2006 to May 2008,60 normal infants and 20 normal adults received the ABR tests.The infants were divided into three groups:group A(6 weeks),group B(3 months)and group C(6 months).Each group consisted of 20 infants(40 ears)and the ABR data were statistically analyzed.Results At 100 dB nHL,the waveⅠ,Ⅲ,Ⅴ latencies of ABR for 6-week infants respectively were 1.49?0.08 ms,4.42?0.16 ms and 6.61?0.25 ms,for 3-month infants,1.47?0.07 ms,4.35?0.20 ms and 6.50?0.25 ms,for 6-month infants,1.45?0.07 ms,4.17?0.15 ms and 6.32?0.22 ms.At 80 dB nHL,the waveⅠ,Ⅲ,Ⅴ latencies of ABR for 6-week infants were 1.63?0.08 ms,4.52?0.17 ms and 6.74?0.26 ms,respectively,for 3-month infants,1.64?0.11 ms,4.44?0.20 ms and 6.67?0.26 ms,for 6-month infants,1.60?0.11 ms,4.27?0.16 ms and 6.43?0.24 ms.As the intensity of stimulating signals decreased,the peak latency of ABR became more delayed.The peak latencies of Ⅲ,Ⅴ waves and interval peak latencies of Ⅰ-Ⅲ and-Ⅴ waves for the infants were more delayed than those for adults,and became shorter with the increase of the infants' ages,but they failed to reach adults' levels even for 6-month infants.However,the length of wave Ⅰ of ABR for infants of different months was close to that for adults.The thresholds of ABR for the infants of different ages were not significantly different,all being close to the values for adults.Conclusion This study has analyzed the ABR wave features for the infants of three ages and this can help to define the reference ranges for the infants and to provide the parameters for early diagnosis of hearing loss among the infants.

BACKGROUND: The reaction of osteoblasts is important role in the reconstruction of osteocytes, and the mechanism of bone remodeling can be known from the cytological level through analyzing the mechanical reaction of osteoblasts under different loading.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of low frequency vibration on the proliferation and differentiation as well as the matrix excretion of cultured human osteoblasts.DESIGN: A comparative observation.SETTING: Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in the laboratory of Nanfang Hospital from January to December in 2002. Human osteoblasts were isolated from the iliac cancellous bone of adults.METHODS: The osteoblasts were cultured for 48 hours, and then treated with low frequency vibration of 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 2 and 5 Hz. The proliferation of the osteoblasts was detected with flow cytometry, and the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and content of osteocalcin were assayed by spectrophotometric methods and radioimmunoassay respectively.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Effects of low frequency vibration on the ALP activity and osteocalcin excretion of osteoblasts; ② Effects of low frequency vibration on the proliferation of osteoblasts detected with flow cytometry.RESULTS: ① 0.2 and 0.5 Hz vibrations could markedly increase the ALP activity of osteoblast (P ＜ 0.01), but that of 5 Hz obviously decreased the ALP activity (P ＜ 0.01). 0.1 and 2 Hz vibrations had no obvious effects on the ALP activity of osteoblasts. ② 0.2 and 0.5 Hz vibration could significantly increase number of osteoblasts at S phase from 10.4% to 12.45% and 16.12%, and the proliferative index increased from 20.14% to 26.21% and 28.75%; 0.1 and 2 Hz vibration has not obvious effects in osteoblast proliferation index; 5 Hz vibration obviously decreased the proliferative index value to 13.22% (P ＜ 0.05). 0.1 and 2 Hz vibrations had no obvious effects on the proliferative index of osteoblasts (P ＞ 0.05). ③ 0.2 and 0.5 Hz vibrations could obviously increase the amount of osteocalcin excretion to 1.87 μg/L and 2.47 μg/L(P ＜ 0.05), but 2 and 5 Hz vibrations decrease the amount of osteocalcin excretion (P ＜ 0.05), and that of 0.1 Hz had no obvious effect on amount of osteocalcin excretion (P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION: Low frequency vibrations of 0.2-0.5 Hz could accelerate the proliferation and differentiation as well as the excretions of active materials of osteoblasts, and it plays an instructive role for low frequency vibration to treat fracture.

Nowadays,cerebrovascular disease is one of the main causes of human death.Activation and aggregation of the platelet play core roles in the development of cerebrovascular diseases.A lot of clinical applications have showed that there are great interindividual differences in the response to antiplatelet drugs,and many patients have developed drug resistances.Pharmacogenetic studies have revealed that genetics is one of the key factors resulting in the interindividual differences of the response to antiplatelet drugs.In this overview,the newest advancement in pharmacogenetics is summarized with respect to the antiplatelet drugs.

Objective: Medical therapy to prevent persistent ectopic pregnancy (PEP) after conservative laparoscopic operation was investigated. Methods:236 patients with ectopic pregnancy were divided into three groups according to the time of hospitalization. 83 cases were in group A, hyperosmolar glucose was injected into the fallopian tube lumen after laparoscopic salpingostomy. 81 cases were in group B, MTX was injected in the same way, 72 cases were in group C as control group. Serum β-HCG was tested for four times, before the operation, the first, third and a week after the operation respectively. Results:There were 6 patients of PEP in this study. One patient in group A, one patient in group B, the rest four patients in group C. The incidence of PEP was not statistically significant between group A and B( P>0. 05), while the difference was significant between group A and C ( P<0. 05). Serum β-HCG in three groups descended significantly in the first 24 hours after operation, but there were no differences among these groups. As for the descending of β-HCG in day 3 and 7, there was no difference between group A and B, but the difference was magnificent between group A and C( P < 0.05). Conclusions: Compared with the MTX, hyperosmolar glucose is an effective and safer method to prevent PEP.

Objective To investigate the route of minimal invasive sling procedures and evaluate their safety. Methods Tension-free vaginal tape (TVT),TVT-obturator (TVT-O) and posterior intravaginal sling (P-IVS) procedure were performed on five fresh pelvis.4% formaldehyde was used to preserve the cadavers and colored latex was injected into the vessels.An anatomic study and measurements between the trocars and related vessels or organs were carried out.Results There was no complication during all injections.The distance between TVT trocar and pubic vessels,the bladder,external lilac vessels and obturator vessels were 0.6,0.6,4.2 and 4.3 cm,respectively.Out of control of TVT trocar,the axial rotation or lateral diversion of TVT handle could injure these structures.We found during TVT-O operation,the retropubic space was not violated.The right placement of introducer was very important. When the beginning point was too deep into the anterior vaginal wall,2.2 cm proximal to urethral meatus or on a horizontal plane with a 35° angle relative to the urethral sagittal plane,the introducer would enter the retropubic space or perforate the upper posterior zone of the obturator membrane,where the obturator vessels and nerves exit the obturator canal.Based on our study,the diversion of P-IVS trocar would damage the rectum,and the pudendal vessels and nerves were relatively safe.Conclusions The TVT trocar passes the retropubic space and may injure the important vessels or organs.The route of TVT-O inside-out operation is stable and the retropubic space is not violated.The blunt design in the P-IVS trocar tips is helpful to reduce injury.