Objective To clone and sequence the cDNA encoding farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase(FPS) from Panax notoginseng.Methods The cDNA,encoding FPS in P.notoginseng,was amplified by RACE strategy with the total RNA of root as the template.The fragment of FPS was cloned and sequenced.Results The analysis results revealed that the full-length cDNA had(1 409) bp with an open reading frame encoding 343 amino acids of protein.The FPS sequence had 95%,87%,and 86% amino acid sequence homology to the FPS sequence of Centella asiatica,Parthenium argentatum,and Artemisia annua,respectively. Conclusion The cDNA encoding FPS from P. notoginseng is cloned and reported.This works provide a foundation for exploring the mechanism of saponins biosynthesis and application to the other medical plants.

Data Mining ; Diabetic Neuropathies ; drug therapy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phytotherapy

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect and safety of extracorporeal shock wave (ESW) in the treatment of pain symptom of type III B prostatitis.

METHODSWe treated 50 cases of type III B prostatitis by ESW once a week for 4 weeks. Then we evaluated the clinical effect and safety of the therapy based on the NIH-CPSI scores, visual analogue scale (VAS) scores, IIEF-5 scores, prostate volume and morphous, state of urination, color of urine, results of routine semen analysis, and changes of cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β) in expressed prostatic secretion (EPS).

RESULTSAll the patients successfully accomplished the treatment. Compared with the baseline, decreases were observed after 4 weeks of cytokine treatment in the pain scores (14. 61 ± 1. 82 vs 9. 36 ± 1. 47, P <0. 01), urination symptom scores (4. 59 ± 1. 01 vs.4. 66 ± 0. 89, P >0. 05) , quality of life scores (6. 51 ± 1. 03 vs 4. 56 ± 1. 02, P <0. 01), NIH-CPSI (25. 43 ± 1. 72 vs 18. 28 ± 2. 32, P <0. 01 ), and VAS (6. 59 ± 1. 10 vs 3. 02 ± 1. 07, P < 0. 01). The concentration of IL-6 in the EPS was significantly increased ([55.82 ± 6. 28] vs [86.59 ± 4. 55] ng/ml, P <0. 01) , while the level of TNF-α ([3.89 ± 0. 12] vs [3. 19 ± 0.22] ng/ml, P<0.01) and that of IL-1β ([3.21 ± 1.01] vs [1.48 ± 0.95] ng/ml, P< 0. 01) remarkably reduced after treatment. However, there were no statistically significant differences in IIEF-5 scores (18. 58 ± 2. 03 vs 18. 51 1. 89, P >0. 05) or various sperm parameters before and after treatment (P >0. 05). And no significant changes were observed in the prostate volume, morphous or internal echoes.

CONCLUSIONThe ESW therapy is effective and safe for the pain symptom of type III B prostatitis.

Adult ; Body Fluids ; Humans ; Interleukin-1beta ; metabolism ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pain ; etiology ; metabolism ; Pain Management ; methods ; Prostatitis ; complications ; metabolism ; therapy ; Quality of Life ; Spermatozoa ; physiology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism ; Ultrasonic Therapy ; methods ; Urine

Objective To study the pathogenicity of ureaplasma urealytieum serotype 3 (UU3) with different concentration in the genital tract of the mice. Methods A total of 156 Kunming mice were divided into 4 groups randomly, including group A, B, C (48 mice in every experimental group) and control group.(12 mice in control group). UU3 at concentration of 1×107eopy/g (group A), 1×106copy/g (group B),1×105copy/g (group C) were inoculated into 48 mice in every experimental group intravaginal]y, in the mean time, culture medium of UU was given into 12 mice in control group. They were neeropsied at 1, 3,7, 14, 21, 35 days of postinoeulatien randomly, which included 8 mice of every experimental group and 2 mice of control group every time, and to detect UU3 expression from cervical secretions by FQ-PCR andobserving the pathogenicity rate in tissues of cervix, endometrium, fallopian tube by light microscope and calculate the morbidity rate. Results (1) The total positive rates of UU3 were 63% (30/48) in group A,50% (24/48) in group B, 17% (8/48) in group C, which showed a significant difference(P<0.01).And at 1,3,7,14,21,35 days of postinoculation, the positive rates of group A were 8/8,7/8,6/8,5/8,4/8 and 0,group B were 7/8,5/8,5/8,4/8,3/8 and 0,group C were 3/8,2/8,2/8,1/8,0 and 0;all mice in control group were zero. At all time points, there were statistical difference in the positive rate among three experimental groups only at 1 day (P<0.05 ). (2) In the positive mice, their UU3 quantity concentration at 1,3,7,14,21 days were 1.70×107, 8.26×106, 4.04×106, 2.86×106,and 2.41 x105 copy/g in group A; 3.75×106, 2.56×106 , 1.37×106, 6.72×105, and 1.12 x 105 copy/g in group B, and 1.45×105,1.07×105, 5.43×104, 4.68×103, and 0 copy/g in group C. There were statistical difference among experimental groups at all time points except 21 days (P<0.05). Comparing the concentration among all time points of every group, both group A and B showed a significant difference(P<0.05) ,group C didn't reach it( P>0.05). (3) The total pathogenicity rates of three groups were significant different at 7-35 days, which were 56% (18/32) in group A, 44% (14/32) in group B, 6% (2/32) in group C (P<0.01 ). And at 7,14,21,35 days of postineculation, the pathogenicity rates in group A were 5/8,5/8,4/8 and 4/8, group B were 4/8,4/8,3/8 and 3/8, group C were 1/8,0,1/8 and 0; all mice in control group were zero, which demonstrated significant difference only at 14 days (P<0.05), no other statistical difference were observed (P>0.05) . Conclusions The pathogenicity of UU3 varies with different concentration in genital tract of mice. When UU3 concentration is more than 1×106 copy/g, the susceptibility to infection was intensified significantly.

Conjunctiva ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Eye Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Nerve Sheath Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Reoperation ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism

Adult ; Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; Empyema, Pleural ; complications ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; virology ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; Humans ; Ki-67 Antigen ; metabolism ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; virology ; Male ; Pleural Neoplasms ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; virology ; Radiography

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of structured triglycerides in parenteral nutrition in elderly patients with acute biliary tract infection.Methods 62 elderly patients with acute biliary tract infection under conservative therapy were randomly divided into structured triglycerides (ST) group and medium-chain triglycerides plus long-chain triglycerides (MCT/LCT) group.Patients underwent parenteral nutrition for 5 days.Levels of hepatic enzymes,blood triglycerides,nitrogen balance,fasting blood insulin and glucose were compared between the two groups after 5 days of parenteral nutrition.Results There were no significant differences in levels of hepatic enzymes,blood triglycerides and fasting blood glucose between ST group and MCT/LCT group.Plasma total bilirubin (T-Bill) levels were increased in the two groups,and T-Bill level dropped faster in the ST group than in the MCT/LCT group after 7 days of parenteral nutrition(P＜ 0.05).The difference in total cholesterol level dropping was significant between ST group and MCT/ LCT group (P＜0.05).The cumulative nitrogen balance for 5 days had significant difference between ST and MCT/LCT groups [(4.7-±-2.2) g vs.(2.8±0.7) g,P＜0.05].STG group versus MCT/LCT group had less fluctuation of fasting blood insulin level after 1,4 and 7 days of parenteral nutrition.Conclusions In the acute phase of biliary tract infection in elderly patients,ST-based parenteral nutrition can provide energy and help maintain nitrogen balance,with a little fluctuation of fasting blood insulin level.Short-term nutritional support may have better tolerance in the liver and has little effect on the change of hepatic enzymes.

Objective To determine the serum level of pepsinogenⅠ,Ⅱ(PGⅠ,PGⅡ) and PGⅠ/Ⅱin the residents from Zhuanghe county,a high risk area of gastric cancer in North China,and to explore their distribution as well as related factors.Methods Serum PGⅠand PGⅡlevels were detec- ted with ELISA method in 6990 subjects.Gastric diseases were diagnosed by endoscopy and histopatho- logic examination.Serum H.pylori-IgG antibody was determined by ELISA method.Results The me- dian values for PGⅠ,PGⅡ,PGⅠ/Ⅱwere 86.9/?g/L,10.6/zg/L and 8.1 respectively.Serum PGⅠand PGⅡin male(95.2?g/L,12.1?g/L) were significantly higher than those in female(79.7?g/L, 9.4?g/L;P=0.000),PGⅠ/Ⅱratio(7.9) was significantly lower in male (8.3,P=0.000).There were significantly decrease in PGⅠ/Ⅱratio along with age increase.PGⅠ/Ⅱratio decreased signifi- cantly following with progression of gastric mucosa from normal (10.4) to non-atrophic lesions(8.8) and to atrophic lesions (6.6).Serum PGⅠand PGⅡin H. pylori positive subjects (88.7?g/L,11.4?g/L) were significantly higher than those in H.pylori negative subjects (81.4?g/L,8.4?g/L;P= 0.000),PGⅠ/Ⅱratio(7.7) was significantly lower in H.pylori positive subjects (9.6,P=0.000). For patients with atrophic lesions,the area under the PGⅠ/ⅡROC curve was 0.622.The best cut-off point for PGⅠ/Ⅱwas 6.9,with sensitivity of 53.2%,and specificity of 67.5%.Factors linked to PGⅠ/Ⅱwere identified using multinomial logistic regression:male (OR:1.151,95% CI:1.042—1.272, P=0.006),age=61(OR:1.358,95% CI:1.188—1.553,P=0.000),atrophic lesion(OR:2.075,95% CI:1.870—2.302,P=0.000),and H.pylori infection (OR:1.546,95% CI:1.368—1.748,P= 0.000).Conclusions The serum PG levels are significantly skewed from normal distrubition in the residents of Zhuanghe county,and affected by age and gender,as well as associated with gastric diseases and H.pylori in- fection.Compared with PGⅠand PGⅡalone,PGⅠ/Ⅱis more suitable for screening gastric cancer.

Objective:To quantify the tryptase and T cell immunoglobulin mucin domain-3(TIM-3)double positive mast cells in hu-man chronic periodontitis tissue using double immunofluorescence staining.Methods:25 healthy controls,28 chronic mild periodontitis and 30 chronic advanced periodontitis patients were included.The gingival specimens were stained with HE for histology,and with double immunofluorescence staining for the identification of tryptase and TIM-3 double positive mast cells in gingival tissue.Results:In chronic periodontitis tissue the degree of gingival inflammation was significantly increased,the densities(cells/mm2 )of tryptase and TIM-3 double positive mast cells were significantly increased(P<0.05),in addition,that in chronic advanced periodontitis group was significantly higher than in the chronic mild periodontitis group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Tryptase and TIM-3 double positive mast cells has the similar tendency as the severity of periodontitis inflammation in human periodontitis tissue.Tryptase and TIM-3 double positive mast cells may play an important role in human chronic periodontitis.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for improving propaganda level and effect of rational drug use. METHODS:Questionnaire survey was designed to investigate the recognition,attitude and demand of consumers in retail pharmacies,students in parts of pharmaceutical universities and their parents and patients in parts of hospitals in more than 10 provinces(autonomous re-gions and municipalities)for propaganda of rational drug use,and the results were statistically significant. RESULTS:The question-naires ranged from 100 to 2 000 in each province (autonomous region and municipality),and totally 11 700 questionnaires were sent out,11 490 were received with recovery of 98.2%;10 980 were effectively received with effective recovery of 95.6%. 78.4%respondents heard of the concept of rational drug use,proportion of young and middle-aged people in 18-44 years old was signifi-cantly higher than other age group,the proportion was significantly increased by the improvement of education,and the proportion of people closer to the city was higher(P<0.001);the respondents who can fully understand the content of the propaganda account-ed for 22.7%,while higher education held higher proportion on“fully understand”,and people closer to the city held higher pro-portion on“fully understand”and“partially understand”(P<0.001);only 9.5% respondents could fully trust propaganda activity, proportion of choosing“partially trust”was generally increased by the improvement of education(P<0.001);and 69.1% respon-dents hoped to obtain relevant knowledge,people who had more purchase frequencies showed stronger willing(P<0.001);the top 3 preferences of respondents for propaganda forms were“face to face guidance from physicians and pharmacists”,“reading drug in-structions”and“reading professional books”. CONCLUSIONS:With insufficient recognition on rational use of drugs,coverage of propaganda about rational drug use needs further expand,public understanding of propaganda contents about rational drug use is fairly limited and people’s trust level towards propaganda is not high,but the public has strong desires to obtain the knowledge about rational drug use. Therefore,various means should be adopted to improve the effects on propaganda of rational drug use.