Objective To evaluate the prevalence of NI in the SICU at our hospital. Methods 181 NI patients in the SICU were retrospectively analysed during Jan 1996～Dec 2000.Results The average NI rate was 9.81%. The major sites of NI were respiratory tract(36.96 %),thoracic/abdominal cavity(25.47 %)and bloodstream infections(9.32 %).The difference in major pathogens of infections in different sites reached statistical significance. For respiratory tract, thoracic/abdominal cavity and bloodstream infections,bacteria were the most common pathogens. Fungi were the moat frequent isolate from urine and stool. Mixed infection proportion was 52.25 %. The most common pathogens were Enterococci, Methicillin resistant Staphylococci、 Pseudomonas Aecruginosa、Escherichia Coli、Candida Albicans and Candida Tropicalis. Conclusions The most common pathogens of NI in SICU are different in different infection sites. The pathogens were complicated and most strains are antibiotics resistant. So it is important to establish NI control and to understand the changes of pathogens so as to prevent the infection.

AIM:To observe the incidence of ocular fundus disease in preschool children examined by non-mydriatic fundus camera and evaluate its effectiveness compared with direct inspection shadow mirror.
METHODS: Three thousand eight hundred and ninety-six preschool children from April 2012 to October 2013 were examined by Topcon TRC-NW300 color fluorescence fundus camera and direct inspection shadow mirror, and images were saved immediately.
RESULTS: Detection rate of non - mydriatic fundus photography was higher than that of direct inspection shadow mirror. In 3 896 cases, 41 eyes were detected abnormal fundus accounting for 1. 05%. The retinal myelinated nerve fibers, morning glory syndrome, retinitis pigmentosa, congenital retinoschisis were common, accounted for 24. 39%, 21. 95%, 14. 63%, 12-20% respectively. The children eye diseases were often accompanied by abnormal vision (68. 30%), ametropia (63. 41%), strabismus (19. 51%).
CONCLUSION:Non-mydriatic fundus photography is a mydriatic method without medicine, so it is easy for preschool children to accept. Image results could directly display the fundus lesions. It shows important significance in the screening for preschool children eye diseases.

Objective To study the metabolic characteristics of neuronal injury in the temporal lobes during the radiotherapy in the elderly patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma by 1H-MR spectroscopy.Methods Conventional MRI and 1H-MRS were performed in 21 elderly (age ≥60 years) and 33 young (age ≤ 45 years) patients who were historically confirmed with nasopharyngeal carcinoma and received radiotherapy for the first time.MR data were collected before and during the therapy at the radiation dosages of 20,40 and 60 Gy,respectively.Student t test was used to compare the NAA/Cr,Cho/Cr and NAA/Cho ratios of 1H-MRS in the temporal lobes between the two groups.Results The ratios of NAA/Cr,Cho/Cr before radiotherapy were 1.94 ± 0.15,1.86 + 0.20 in the elderly group,and 2.12 + 0.25,1.82 ± 0.24 in the young group respectively,but the difference was not statistically significant ( t =1.417,1.070,P ＞ 0.05 ).At the radiation with dosages of 20,40,and 60 Gy,the ratios of NAA/Cr were 1.81 ± 0.14,1.53 + 0.16,1.06 ±0.08 in the elderly group respectively,and were 2.03 ±0.16,1.92 ±0.21,1.77 ±0.18 in the young group respectively.There were statistical differences between two groups ( t =8.386,9.113,13.729,respectively,P＜0.05,＜0.05,＜0.01).The ratios of Cho/Cr were 1.82 +0.16,1.61 +0.29,1.37 +0.13 in the elderly group respectively,and were 1.77 + 0.19,1.48 + 0.17,1.06 + 0.14 in the young group respectively.There were statistical differences between the two groups at dosages of 40 and 60 Gy ( t =5.230,9.322 respectively,P ＜ 0.05 ).The ratios of NAA/Cho were 1.17 + 0.15,1.10 ± 0.08,0.83 ±0.05 in the elderly group respectively,and were 1.52 ±0.13,1.36 +0.15,1.10 +0.17 in the young group respectively.There were statistical differences between two groups ( t =5.862,2.560,9.754 respectively,P ＜0.05,＜0.05,＜0.01 ).At the dosages of 20,40 and 60 Gy,the decreases of NAA/Cr in the elderly group (6.70％,14.43％,24.23％ respectively) were more significantly higher than those in the young group(4.25％,5.19％,7.08％ respectively).The decrease of Cho/Cr in the elderly group (2.15％,11.29％,12.90％ respectively) were lower than those in the young group ( 3.30％,15.93％,17.58％ respectively).And the decrease of NAA/Cho in the elderly group (8.59％,5.47％,21.09％ respectively) were higher than those in the young group (2.56％,10.26％,16.67％ respectively).Conclusion Under the same radiotherapy pattern and radiation dosage,the injury to the neurons in the temporal lobes is significantly greater in the elderly patients than in young patients.Since the injury is smallest at the dose of 20 Gy among the doses evaluated,the intervention conducted in the elderly patients at this dose may help to minimize the injury to the neurons.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of cytokines induced by Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans lipopolysaccharide (Aa-LPS) in monocytes/macrophages from different organs of rabbits.

METHODSThe peripheral mononuclear cells (Mo), alveolar macrophages (AM), peritoneal macrophages (PM) and Kupffer cells (KC) from five New Zealand rabbits were isolated respectively. Then the cells from different organs were stimulated with Escherichia coli (Ec)-LPS or Aa-LPS at the dose of 1 mg/L. After culture for 24 hours, the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)6, IL-1β, IL-8 mRNA and protein were determined by real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay respectively.

RESULTSThe monocytes/macrophages challenged by Ec-LPS or Aa-LPS expressed more cytokines both in mRNA and protein levels compared with the controls (P < 0.05). Among them, AM displayed the highest respond when encount with Aa-LPS, with the TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-8 mRNA relative levels were (0.4719 ± 0.0171), (2.7895 ± 0.0669), (5.1527 ± 0.1190), (3.6785 ± 0.1836) and the proteins concentrations were (82.2 ± 5.4), (40.2 ± 2.0), (50 308.3 ± 445.0), (35 305.3 ± 1480.9) ng/L respectively. And the inducibility of Aa-LPS was stronger than that of Ec-LPS (P < 0.05). Meanwhile the cells from different organs showed discrepant response when exposed to Aa-LPS (P < 0.05). The results showed their abilities to secrete cytokines were in the sequence of AM > Mo > KC > PM.

CONCLUSIONSAa-LPS influenced the expression of cytokines in monocytes/macrophages from different organs of rabbits.

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Interleukin-1beta ; metabolism ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-8 ; metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharides ; adverse effects ; Macrophages ; metabolism ; Macrophages, Alveolar ; metabolism ; Macrophages, Peritoneal ; metabolism ; Monocytes ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rabbits ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

Aspirin ; therapeutic use ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous ; therapeutic use ; Infant ; Male ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; diagnosis

AIM: To explore correlation,consistency and comfort between traditional tear film examination methods and Oculus Keratograph.METHODS: A retrospective study.Totally 101 cases (101 eyes) were diagnosed myopia and then accepted LASEK (laser epithelial keratomileusis).Non-invasive tear film break-up time(NIBUT),lower tear meniscus height(LTMH) were measured with Oculus Keratograph,fluorescein tear film break-up time(fl-BUT) and Schimer Ⅰ test (SⅠt) were performed on all cases.The correlations analysis between NIBUT and fl-BUT,LTMH and SⅠt were performed by Spearman rank correlation,consistency check between NIBUT and fl-BUT by Bland-Altman analysis.Visual analogue scale(VAS) was applied on evaluating the comfort of two kinds of examination methods.RESULTS: LTMH and SⅠt showed positive correlation (rs=0.346,P=0.001).NIBUT and fl-BUT showed positive correlation (rs=0.393,P=0.001),95% consistency limits range-9.62 to 14.18 in Bland-Altman Figure.There was significant difference between VAS of NIBUT and VAS of fl-BUT(z=-2.324,P=0.020).There was significant difference between VAS of LTMH and VAS of SⅠt (z=-8.845,P=0.001).CONCLUSION: Oculus Keratograph can objectively measure NIBUT and LTMH,and was more comfortable than traditional tear film examination methods.It can effectively assess tear film function before corneal refractive surgery.

Objective To explore the influencing factors and relationship of serum 25 (OH) D levels between late-term pregnant women and newborns. Methods A total of 600 pregnant women and 600 newborns were selected in Lishui Maternal and Children Health Institution during 2016 and information were collected by questionnaires. Serum 25 (OH) D levels in pregnant women's venous bloods and newborns' cord bloods were tested respectively before and after delivery. Results Serum 25 (OH) D levels in 600 pregnant women's venous bloods before delivery were (36.25 ±14.92) nmol/L and 75.16% (451 pregnant women) had lower serum 25 (OH) D levels. Serum 25 (OH) D levels in newborns' cord bloods after delivery were (29.59±16.13) nmol/L and 82.50% (495 newborns) had lower serum 25 (OH) D levels. The relationship of serum 25 (OH) D levels between pregnant women and newborns was significant (r=0.892, P<0.05) . Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy in pregnant women (400 IU/d) 25 (OH) D level was higher than those of not (P<0.05) . Serum 25 (OH) D levels of pregnant women were influenced by seasons (P<0.05) as higher in summer and autumn and lower in spring and winter. Conclusion Serum 25 (OH) D levels of pregnant women and newborns in Lishui were lower and different among seasons. Serum 25 (OH) D levels of pregnant women could have influence on serum 25 (OH) D levels of newborns. It should be encouraged to increase vitamin D intakes and outdoor activities, especially in spring and winter.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) in the assessment of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors such as hypertension, pre-diabetes and diabetes in obese children.

METHODSAccording to the presence of complications (hypertension, pre-diabetes and diabetes), 810 children with central obesity were divided into two groups: one group with complications (n=499) and one group without complications (n=311). One hundred and sixty-four age- and sex-matched children served as the control group. Logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to analyze the detection of non-lipid CVD risk factors by seven lipid markers.

RESULTSThe prevalence rates of hypertension and pre-diabetes were significantly higher in obese children with high non-HDL-C concentrations (≥3.76 mmol/L). After adjusting for waist circumference Z-scores, the area under the ROC curve for non-HDL-C was 0.680 to detect non-lipid CVD risk factors, while the areas for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol and apoprotein B were 0.659, 0.669 and 0.647 respectively.

CONCLUSIONSCompared with the other lipid markers, non-HDL-C is a better predictor for non-lipid CVD risk factors in obese children. Measurement of non-HDL-C concentations is recommended for obese children.

Adolescent ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; etiology ; Child ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Cholesterol, HDL ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Obesity ; blood ; complications ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of hydroquinone (HQ) on expression of topoisomerase IIα (TOPOIIα) in human bone marrow mononuclear cells, and to explore the role and possible regulatory mechanism of TOPOIIα involved in toxicity of HQ to hematopoietic cells.

METHODSAfter human bone marrow mononuclear cells were exposed to 50 µmol/L HQ (used the cells which were exposed to sterile distilled water as control); the activity of TOPOII was measured by TOPOII assay kit; the expression levels of TOPOIIα mRNA and protein were detected by RT-PCR technique and Western blotting method respectively; the chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay was carried out to study the possible mechanism of TOPOIIα expression changes.

RESULTS(1) The activity of TOPOII was inhibited obviously; the protein and mRNA expression of TOPOIIα were 0.017 ± 0.029 and 0.610 ± 0.128, significantly lower than that in the control with the significant difference (P < 0.01) after treated with HQ for 10 h; (2) The decreased content of TOPOIIα was associated with descended level of histone H4 acetylation than in the control, from 1.198 ± 0.056 to 0.324 ± 0.229, with the significant difference (P < 0.01), without accompanied descended level of histone H3 acetylation, from 1.253 ± 0.045 to 1.177 ± 0.025 (P > 0.05); (3) TOPOIIα mRNA expression decreased gradually after HQ processing, and the chemical modification (histone H4 acetylation) of TOPOIIα promoter happened prior to the mRNA expression.

CONCLUSIONHQ could repress the expression of TOPOIIα in human bone marrow mononuclear cells; the change of histone chemical modification plays an important role in the benzene's hematopoietic toxicity.

Acetylation ; Adult ; Antigens, Neoplasm ; metabolism ; Bone Marrow Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA Topoisomerases, Type II ; metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Female ; Histones ; metabolism ; Humans ; Hydroquinones ; toxicity ; Male ; Young Adult

China ; Cost of Illness ; Demography ; Female ; Humans ; Maternal Mortality ; Poverty Areas