Objective To study the applied value of unified image enhancement(IE) and tissue equalization(TE) that the two kinds post-processing functions in the diagnosis of patella fracture. Methods The images of knee joint anterior-posterior position of fifty patella fracture patients were taken. The acquired images were processed with IE and TE, and then the im- ages were divided into pre-treatment group and post-treatment group. Results The post-treatment group of patella imaging have markedly improved, and the statistics analysis have significance difference(P

The new HIV-1 NNRTI drug Etravirine (TMC125) and a promising drug candidate Rilpivirine (TMC278) in phase III clinical trial are compounds belonging to the diarylpyrimidine (DAPY) family. They are extremely high potent against both wild-type and many drug-resistant HIV-1 strains, providing new hope for HIV-infected patients who fail to use current drugs due to the emergence of drug-resistant HIV mutants. The discovery and development of DAPY derivatives as next-generation NNRTI drugs depend on multidisciplinary coordination and their success has encouraged new researches to explore more next-generation NNRTIs with new scaffolds. This review described the story of discovery and development of DAPY derivatives as next-generation NNRTIs and related progress.

Objective To compile an applicable inventory of academic diligence for middle school students. Method By means of literature analysis and in-deep interview with teachers, an academic diligence inventory was constructed and used for 393 high school students. Such methods as correlation analysis, exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis were analyzed by SPSS11. 0 for windows XP. Results ① Five principal components of academic diligence were selected, which could be called target monitoring, time investment, task commitment, persistence and concentration. ②Internal consistency reliability and split-half reliability of total scale are 0. 9126 and 0. 9003. Reliability of each subscale are above 0. 7615. Correlation coefficient between subscales and total scale ranged from 0. 672 to 0. 820. That of among subscales ranged from 0. 248 to 0. 521. Conclusion Reliability and validity of the inventory of academic diligence for middle school students are both satisfactory enough to meet psychometric indexes.

Objective To examine the impact of note-taking habits on academic scores of junior middle school students.Methods A sample of 412 junior middle school students were applied a self-developed note-taking habits inventory (NTHI) ,and the impact of note-taking habits on academic scores was examined by using bivariate correlation and linear regression analysis.Results Girls got significantly higher NTHI scores than boys [(3.67±0.55)vs(3.19±0.80),P＜0.01] ,and students from key classes got significantly higher NTHI scores than those of typical classes[(3.56±0.64)vs (3.37±0.75),P＜ 0.05].Total academic scores of Chinese,mathmatics and English was found significantly and positively related to total NTHI scores and the five subscales(r=0.280,P＜0.01 ;r=0.293,P＜ 0.01 ;r=0.126,P＜0.05 ;r=0.255,P＜0.01 ;r=0.239,P＜0.01 ;r=0.280,P ＜ 0.01).Attitude towards note-taking,full note-making and immediate note-rewriting showed direct and significant influence on total academic score of Chinese,mathmatics and English.Full note-making,attitude towards notetaking and immediate note-rewriting showed direct and significant influence on score of Chinese.So did of active note-making,immediate note-rewriting,full note-making and attitude towards note-taking on mathmatice scores,attitude towards note-taking and full note-making on score of Chinese.Conclusion Note-taking habits could be direct predictor of their academic scores for junior middle school students.

Abnormalities, Multiple ; genetics ; Acidosis, Renal Tubular ; genetics ; pathology ; therapy ; Arthrogryposis ; genetics ; pathology ; therapy ; Biopsy ; Carrier Proteins ; genetics ; Cholestasis ; genetics ; pathology ; therapy ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Mutation ; Syndrome ; Vesicular Transport Proteins ; genetics

Objective: To develop a method for separation and purification of tanshinone from Salvia miltiorrhiza by combination of silica gel and high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC). Methods: The crude extract of S. miltiorrhiza was separated by silica gel chromatography and F1 and F2 were obtained. Then, F1 and F2 were separated by HSCCC with a two-phase solvent system composed of petroleum ether-methanol-water (4:3:4:2 and 8:5:8:3), respectively. The lower phase was used as the mobile phase with a flow rate of 2.0 mL/min, while the apparatus rotated at 850 r/min and the eluates were detected at 254 nm. The structures of the target compounds were identified by ESI-MS and NMR. Results: From 80 mg of F1, three compounds with tanshinone I (14 mg), dihydrotanshinone I (22 mg), and tanshinone IIA (26 mg) were obtained. And from 80 mg of F2, dihydrotanshinone (11 mg), trijuganone B (15 mg), and cryptotanshinone (30 mg) were obtained. The purities of these six compounds determined by HPLC were all over 96%, respectively. Conclusion: Combination of silica gel and HSCCC is an efficient method for separation of tanshinone from S. miltiorrhiza.

Objective To explore urban middle students' learning strategies, as well as to provide substantial evidences for learning strategies counselling in middle schools. Methods The differences between sexes,among grades and between class types were examined by t test and MANOVA for 466 middle school students. Resukts The participants'total learning strategies level (3.17±0.52) was slightly higher than midpoint "3" of moderate level. Significant score differences of total learning strategies was found between genders((3.11 ±0.54)vs(3.22±0.48), t=2.30, P＜0.05) and among grades ((3.26±0.51)vs(3.09±0.51), t=3.50, P＜0.01). Interaction of grade and class type on learning strategies was significant (F=7.997,P＜0.01). Conclusion Learning strategies level of middle school students exist genders and grades,and grade and cla.ss type have interaction obviously.

In this paper, we described that using wistar rat rather than Lewis rat, an animal model ofexperimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was established. 12 out of 17 rats showedtypical clinical syndroms and pathological changes, and also developed significant delayed-typeskin hypersen-sitivity reaction to the pathogenic antigen-homogenate of guinea pig spinal cord.The cytotoxicity assay demonstrated that the T-cells of EAE rats can specifically lyse the braintissue of normal rats with specific release rate of 15.1l?t 2.79% which is positive correlativewith clinical severity of EAE. The T cell vaccine was prepared by activating EAE T-cells withConA and then treating with glutaraldehyde. Normal rats were inoculated with this T cell vac-cine and challenged with pathogenic antigen one week later. The result showed that all seven ratsgot complete resistance to EAE. T cells from vaccinated animals can specifically lyse the EAE Tcells with specific release rate of 9.38?1.68%.These results indicated: (a)wistar rat can be used for EAE animal model; (b)The incidence ofEAE is associa ted with the auto-reactive T cellsof EAE animals; (c)Inocula tion of this T cellvaccines can prevent the development of EAE, and this protective effect is also mediated by Tcells.

Objective To investigate the proportions of the functional dyspepsia (FD) subgroups and to explore theri relationship with Helicobacter pylori (HP).Methods 186 cases with FD received questionaires about their condition and were typed according to their symptom.HP was detected through urease test,spear technique and cultivation.Results The proportion and HP-positive rate of the subgroup were 11.29%,14.24% in reflux-type dyspepsia,13.98%,46.15% in ulcer-type dyspepsin,48.39%,41.11% in dysmotility-type dyspepsia and 26.34%, 38.78% in complex dyspepsia,respectively.The total HP-positive rate of FD is 38.17%.Conclusion Dysmotility-type dyspepsia is most common.Some subgroups are overlapping with each other.There is no relationship between FD and HP.The HP-positive rate of the reflux-type dyspepsia is lower.This observation suggests that HP may have protective effects on esophagus.