In recent years,the bone marrow micrometastasis of esophageal cancer has become the research focus.Many studies show that epithelial cell molecules,angiogenesis markers,chemokine receptor-4 (CXCR-4),HER2,activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) and stanniocalcin-1 (STC-1) are closely related to the bone marrow micrometastasis of esophageal cancer.These molecular markers play important roles in esophageal cancer diagnosis,prognosis and treatment.

SpA,one of the important virulence factors of Staphylococcus aureus,can impede phagocytosis,induce apoptosis of B cells,initiate staphylococcal pneumonia and endocarditis,et al.The expression of Spa gene is regulated by a very subtle and complicated systematic web.With the mechanism of the virulence and the gene regulation of Spa were known more and more clearly,New methods of the infection by Staphylococcus aureus were would be found.

Objective To explore changes and its clinical significa nce of lymphocyte activation in patients with multiple sclerosis. Methods CD3、CD4、CD8、CD19、CD16+56、CD25、CD69、HLA-DR in peripheral blood (PB) were tested by flow cytometry. Results The percentage of CD3、CD4、CD8、CD16+56 on PB lymphocytes in MS group were lower than those in controls, CD4/CD8、CD19 on PB lymphocytes in MS group were higher than in controls. The percentage of CD69、CD25、HLA-DR、CD3/HLA-DR on PB lymphocytes of patients with relapse MS group were higher in controls and remission MS groups. The percentage of CD3/HLA-DR on PB lymphocytes of patients with remission MS group was higher than controls. Conclusion The content on PB lymphocytes in MS group were unusual. The lymphocyte activation was much higher and may be as a marker of MS.

Genetically modified organisms, as a high-tech product, break through the limitation of different organisms and create new organisms through gene implanting from other kinds of organisms. They not only bring great benefits to human beings but also bring some ethical issues including the effect on environment,the effect on human health,and the respect to hatural law.Moreover,this article argues some ethical issues during the process of commercialization and sale including how to maintain the consumers' benefits,the protection on researchers through potent right,the precautionary principle and label issues.

BACKGROUND:Adult central nervous system lacks the ability to regenerate,so it is of great significance to find a new source of neural stem cells.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the differences between basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)and epidermal growth factor(EGF)in inducing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)to differentiate into neurons in vitro.METHODS:MSCs were isolated from normal human bone marrow using density gradient centrifugation and cell attachment method.MSCs were plated in 96-well culture plates at a density of 0.25×108/L and cultured with 200 μL DMEM/F12 for 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,and 7 days,with 20 μL MTT(5 mg/mL)in 5 wells at each time point.The supernatant was removed and 100 μL dimethyl sulphoxide was added to each well for 4 additional hours of incubation.In addition,some cells were exposed to bFGF and EGF.Growth curve was determined with MTT method.Telomerase activity were examined by TRAP(PCR)-ELISA.Additionally,the functional differences of the two cytokines were checked by RT-PCR.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:RT-PCR revealed that nestin,glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP)and neurofilament subunit M (NF-M)mRNA were expressed in un-induced MSCs of passage 4.Nestin expression reduced at 7 days.The expression of micro-tubule-associated protein-2(MAP2)mRNA was not detected until the induction,and increased thereafter.The expression of MAP2 mRNA was greater in bFGF+EGF and bFGF alone groups compared with EGF alone group,and the expression of GFAP in EGF alone group was greater than other groups.Results showed that MSCs can be cultivated,proliferated and differentiated into neural stem cells in vitro.The differentiated neural stem cells have the activity of proliferation,but not have the ability of infinite proliferation as tumor cells.

Diagnosis, Differential ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phytotherapy ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; drug therapy

Aged ; Anthracosis ; complications ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; complications

Aged ; Humans ; Lung Diseases, Fungal ; complications ; Male ; Pneumoconiosis ; complications ; microbiology

Objective To investigate the therapeutic efficacy and side-effect of pulsed radiofrequency and radiofrequency thermocoagulation for gasserian ganglion guided by spiral CT on trigeminal neuralgia. Methods 100 patients diagnosed as idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia were treated with pulsed radiofrequency or radiofrequency thermocoagulation for gasserian ganglion. They were assessed with numeric rating scales (NRS) before and 1 d，3 d，1 week， 1 month, 6 months and 12 month after treatment. The side effects were recorded. Results There was significant decrease in the scores of NRS after treatment compared with those before (P<0.01) in both groups. No serious side effects were observed. Conclusion Pulsed radiofrequency for gasserian ganglion for trigeminal neuralgia was effective and less side-effect.

Cognitive dysfunction is common after traumatic brain injury (TBI). TBI animal models and cognitive behavior assessments are commonly used in the mechanism and pharmacology researches. This article reviewed the advance of methods of cognitive behavior assessment on TBI animal models.