Objective To evaluate the current situation and problems of the application of modified Rankin scale (mRS) in the outcome assessment in Chinese stroke trials. Methods Randomised and quasi-randomised controlled tri?als on stroke therapy published before September 2013 in 3 Chinese databases were included. All clinical trials applied mRS as the method of outcome assessment. Subarachnoid hemorrhage and transient cerebral ischemia were excluded. Types of stroke, statistical methods used for data analysis, duration of follow up, blinding of outcome assessment, types of intervention and the significance of the results were evaluated. Results Two hundred and ninety-eight trials were includ?ed in this analysis. 71.14%was for ischemic stroke, 21.48%for hemorrhagic stroke, 7.38%for both ischemic and hemor?rhagic stroke and 91.28%was for acute stroke(onset time<14d). Regarding to statistical methods used for data analysis, 50.00%of the trials used t-test or variance analysis which treated the mRS score as continuous data, while 22.15%used rank sum test or Chi-square test which regarded the mRS score as ranked data or multiply variable data. Dichotomous data was applied in statistical analysis accounts for 25.50%of trials. 12.42%trials applied mRS with other scales as the methods of outcome assessment. Duration of follow up ranged from 10d to 2 years (median 90 d, interquartile range 30-90 d). Only 5.03%assessed outcome blindly. 60.07%of the trials were drug therapy, 7.72%was rehabilitation thera?py, 10.40%were surgical treatment, 14.43%were combined therapy, 2.35%were management mode, 0.67%were nurs?ing, and 4.36%other therapy. Results in 86.91%of the trials were favorable to the tested interventions. Conclusions In aspects of, there is large difference between domestic and foreign clinical stroke trials in methodology of mRS including duration of follow up, blinding of outcome assessment and statistical methods used for data analysis.

Objective To isolate and identify embryonic stem (ES) cells of rhesus monkey from mature blastocysts cultured in vitro . Methods Rhesus monkey blastocysts were obtained after in vitro maturation of oocytes, fertilization and maturation of early embryos. After the blastocysts were hatched naturally from the zone pellucida, the inner cell mass (ICM) was dislodged from blastocysts using the sealed end of a finely drawn Pasteur pipette and co cultured with the feeder cells. The ICM, resembling embryonic stem cell colony, was isolated, cultured, and identified. Results A total of 92 normal GV oocytes were obtained from 4 FSH prime rhesus monkeys. Six blastocysts with high quality were selected from 22 oocytes after culture in HECM 10 medium. One of the rhesus monkey ES cell lines, i.e. RS5 cell line, was finally isolated from 3 of the inner cell mass isolated from the 6 blastocysts. The RS5 cells presented a high nucleus/cytoplasm ratio, prominent nucleoli, and flatter colonies with individual and distinct cells. After successive passages for 5 months passage, the RS5 cells remained a normal karyotype, i.e. 42 of chromosomes and alkaline phosphatase (AP) positive, which meant the RS5 ES cell colony remained undifferentiated. After high density culture for a longer time, the ES cell could differentiate into multi types of cells. Conclusion The RS5 cell line has the ability to self renew and potential to differentiate. Thus, RS5 cell line belongs to embryonic stem cells.

Objective To study the effects of norepinephrine (NE) on intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in cardiac myocytes and receptor pathways involved in ROS production. Methods DCFHDA fluorescent probe was used for the assessment of NE induced intracellular ROS production in cultured cardiac myocytes of the neonatal rats. Myocytes were exposed to NE, NE + prazosin, NE + propranolol, and NE + prazosin + propranolol at different time and doses. The changes of fluorescence intensity in cells were measured by flow cytometry. Results NE increased myocyte ROS production in time and dose dependent manners. NE induced ROS production was partially inhibited by prazosin or propranolol, and completely inhibited by prazosin and propranolol together in myocytes. Conclusion NE can induce intracellular ROS production in cultured cardiac myocytes of the neonatal rats in time and dose dependent manners through the mediation of both ? and ? adrenoceptors.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare compound yolk emulsion and to establish its quality control method.METHODS:Compound yolk emulsion was prepared by emulsification.Cod liver oil and Nystalin in compound yolk emulsion were identified by color reaction and TLC,respectively.The content of VitB2 was determined by visible spectrophotometric method.The stability of 3 batches of samples was investigated as well.RESULTS:The linear range of VitB2 were 0.0 119～ 0.0 238 mg/ml(r=0.9 958).The average recovery of VitB2 was 97.95%(RSD=3.45%).3 batches of sample preparations were tested to be stable in quality at 4℃ ～ 8℃.CONCLUSION:This method is simple in operation,accurate in content determination,and stable and controllable in quality within expiration date.

Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of mitochondrial DNA12SrRNA A1555G mutation in Chinese populations with non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss by the literature review and find the main actual deficiencies in course of epidemiological study.Methods From Cbmdisc and PUBMED database pulled out were all published epidemiological literatures about Chinese mtDNA12SrRNA A1555G mutation from 1996 to 2008.Reviewed were the primary data of these studies including the number of samples,demographic characteristics of the samples,mutation frequencies,interrelations between the mutation and aminoglycoside exposure and so on.Results 21 papers out of 25 were induded in this study.The patients had non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss from 14 regions of China.A total of 3 473 were found including 230 patients with A1555G mutation and the average mutation frequency was 6.62%.The samples in each regions ranged from 72 to 802 and the reported mutation frequencies were from 0.67%-14.6%.The statistical discrepancy was significant among mutation frequencies in different regions by χ~2 test(P=0.0000).The number of patients with aminoglycoside antibiotics exposure was 739 including 100 with A1555G mutation in all literatures.The proportions in different regions were from 2.70% to 33.33% with the average of 13.53%.The average proportion was significantly higher than the mutation frequency in patients with non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss.Conclusion Some deficiencies in epidemiological research Omutation in China included age,ethnic,and geographic bias,insufficiency of samples,inadequate randomization and so on.Researchers should focus with more efforts on the epidemiological characteristics of A1555G mutation in Chinese people.

Child ; China ; Humans ; Paramyxoviridae Infections ; physiopathology ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; physiopathology ; virology

Hamartoma ; congenital ; pathology ; Humans ; Mesoderm ; Mouth ; Mouth Diseases ; congenital ; pathology

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Myelitis ; complications ; therapy

Adult ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome