OBJECTIVE :To determine the content of Troxerutin in Troxerutin injection by HPLC METHODS :The separation was performed on a Hypersil BDS C18 column The mobile phase was composed of acetontrile-tetrahydrofuran-0.05 mol/Lsodium dihydrogen phosphate(15∶8∶77V/V ) ,adjusted to pH4 0 with phosphoric acid The flow rate was 0 8ml/ min The ultraviolet wavelength was 254nm RESULTS :The calibration curve showed good li nearityinrange of (20～200) ?g/ ml(r=0 9998) ;The mean recovery was 100 7 % The within -day RSD was 1 61 %,and inter-day RSD was 2 46 % CONC_ LUSION :The method was simple ,convenient and accurate and can be used for the quality control of Troxerutin injection

OBJECTIVE:To establish a gas chromatography(GC)method for determination of seven residual solvents in clofarabine.METHODS:The capillary column was AT-1301;the carrier gas was nitrogen gas and the detector was FID.By temperature programming was applied for the column temperature with an initial temperature of 40 ℃,which rose to 80 ℃ with an increase rate of 7 ℃?min-1,then rose to 200 ℃(kept at this temperature for 2 min)with the increase rate of 20 ℃?min-1.The injector temperature was 250 ℃ and the detector temperature was 280 ℃.The sample was injected directly for determination of residual levels of methanol,acetonitrile,dichlormethane,t-butyl alcohol,ethyl acetate,n-heptane and acetic acid in 3 batches of clofarabine.RESULTS:All the organic solvents were effectively separated and they showed good linearity within a concentration range(r=0.999 41～0.999 93)with average recovery rate ranged from 96.5% to 102.4%(RSDs of all were less than 4.0%).7 kinds of organic solvents in 3 batches of samples were all up to the standard specified in Chinese Pharmacopeia.CONCLUSION:The method is sensitive,accurate and reliable,and it is applicable for the determination of the residual solvents in clofarabine.

Objective To study the small intestinal absorption patterns of glimepiride in rats. Methods A rat model of small intestinal absorption in vivo was employed in this study. The small intestinal absorption rate of glimepiride was detected by high performance liquid chromatography. Results At the low and high concentrations of glimepiride, the average small intestinal absorption rates were 0.233 6 h -1 and 0.217 8 h -1 , respectively. Conclusion The small intestinal absorption pattern of glimepiride might be passive diffusion.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for development of PIVAS.METHODS:Based on the practical condition of our hospital,the necessity of PIVAS and several key problems in the implementation process were analyzed.RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:It is a natural tendency to establish PIVAS for the development of pharmacy.Several problems such as criteria for PIVAS establishment,charge standard,coverage of drug category and medication chronergy need to be further improved.

Objective To study the separation ability of AB-8 macroporous resin in the purification of arctinin in Fructus arctii. Methods HPLC was used to measure the content of arctinin, and the adsorption performance and the elution parameters were investigated. Results The optimal separation conditions were as follows: the concentration of Arctinin was 5.5 mg/ml with a flow rate of 2 BV/h, and 50% alcohol was used as eluant. The adsorption of Arctinin was 52.08 mg/g, and the elution ratio of arctinin was 93.8%, and the purity of arctinin reached 65.2%. Conclusion AB-8 resin can be used to refine the arctinin in the extraction of Fructus arctii.

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the adverse drug reactions(ADRs)of penicillin in urinary system.METHODS:The recent reported cases home and abroad of ADRs of penicillin in urinary system were collected and analyzed.RESULTS:Among the57cases of ADRs,there were12cases of acute renal failure,3cases of hematuria,29cases of abnormal urinal protein,5cases of diabetes insipidus and retention of urine,3cases of renal angina and5cases of acute interstitial nephritis.CONCLUSIONS:Great importance should be attached to the ADRs of penicillin in urinary system in clinic in order to ensure the safety of drug use.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the efficacy and safety of salmeterol and fluticasone propionate aerosol in the treatment of AECOPD and provide evidence-based reference for the clinical treatment. METHODS:CJFD,Wanfang database, VIP,CBM,Cochrane Library,PubMed and EMBase were retrieved to collect the randomized controlled trial(RCT)of efficacy and safety of salmeterol and fluticasone propionate aerosol in the treatment of AECOPD. After information collection and quality evalua-tion,Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.1 software. RESULTS:There were totally 17 RCTs,including 2 872 pa-tients. Results of Meta-analysis showed FEV1[SMD=0.47,95%CI(0.41,0.53),P<0.001],FEV1/FVC [SMD=1.08,95%CI(0.76, 1.39),P<0.001],FEV1 percentage of predicted value[SMD=0.83,95%CI(0.60,1.06),P<0.001] and incidence of adverse reac-tions [RR=1.38,95%CI(1.02,1.87),P=0.03] in test group were significantly higher than control group,with significant differenc-es. CONCLUSIONS:Salmeterol and fluticasone propionate aerosol has good efficacy in the treatment of AECOPD,can better im-prove patients’lung function and the safety needs to be improved. Due to the limit of research methodology,it remains to be fur-ther verified by large-sample and high-quality RCT.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the present situation of scientific research of clinical pharmacists in domestic third-grade class A hospitals,and discuss its feasible research ideas. METHODS:Questionnaire was conducted for the scientific research situa-tion of clinical pharmacists who obtained the certification in domestic 63 third-grade class A hospitals,the questionnaire data was collected,and data was statistically analyzed by using IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0 software. RESULTS:Totally 315 questionnaires were sent out,282 were effectively received,with effective recovery of 89.52%. In terms of attitude to scientific research,propor-tion of the surveyed clinical pharmacists who thought it was quite necessary and necessary was more than 70%;except for academ-ic degree(P<0.05),the different gender,age and job title did not cause the differences in scientific research attitude(P>0.05). In terms of the present situation of scientific research,achievements of them were relatively simple,thinking the biggest difficulty was insufficient of experiment condition;there was significant difference in the numbers of authorized patents in recent 5 years by different gender (P<0.05),the numbers of applications for approved funds,authorized patents and paper published in recent 5 years by different academic degrees(P<0.05),as well as the numbers of applications for approved off-campus funds(title also re-lated to the number of hospital funds)and the numbers of paper published in domestic magazine in recent 5 years by different ages and job titles (P<0.05). In terms of direction of scientific research,most of surveyed clinical pharmacists thought they should strengthen communicate with physicians and look for the breakthrough point,they also thought the optimal one was clinical re-search;the direction selection was basically similar no matter the gender,academic degree,age and job title(P>0.05). In terms of ability enhancement,the surveyed pharmacists thought liter-ature review,evidence-based literature/experimental interpreta-tion and foreign language reading were the abilities most need to be enhanced;except for gender,academic degree,age andjob title showed similarity in enhancing the literature review,evidence-based literature/experimental interpretation ability (P>0.05),while there were significant differences in enhancing foreign language reading ability by different gender,academic degree, age and job title (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Clinical pharmacists show certain differences in the attitude to scientific research, present situation and direction of scientific research,and ability enhancement because of different gender,academic degree,age and job title,but there are also common. In order to improve the competence of scientific research and promote the discipline devel-opment of clinical pharmacy,pharmacy administrator in hospital should improve the academic degree and job title on clinical phar-macists and provide necessary advanced scientific platform and pertinent training at the same time. Additionally,except for the ratio-nal drug use,evidence-based pharmacy and pharmacoeconomics,clinical pharmacists can find new breakthrough point from phar-maceutical care,drug treatment decisions,translational medicine and medicine large data.

Objective To evaluate the effects of recombinant human bone morphogenetic-2-polylactide sustained release nanospheres (rhBMP-2-PLA-Ns) on cultured rabbit osteoblasts in vitro. Methods Rabbit osteoblasts were cultured in vitro, and rhBMP-2-PLA-Ns was added into the medium of the third generation of rabbit osteoblasts. The expression of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was examined by immunofluoreacence staining, and the formation of tuberculums observed with alizarin red staining. Western blot was used to detect the effects of rhBMP-2-PLA-Ns on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which was compared with that in rhBMP-2 group and blank group. Results There was no significant difference in the number of osteoblasts with positive PCNA expression among three groups five days later. Ten days later, the number of osteoblasts with positive PCNA expression in rhBMP-2-PLA-Ns group was significantly higher than that in rhBMP-2 group and blank group, which indicated that rhBMP-2-PLA-Ns could enhance the expression of PCNA. Compared with rhBMP-2 group and blank group, rhBMP-2-PLA-Ns could significantly enhance the formation of tuberculums, with statistical difference (P<0.05). The expression of VEGF was detected in all three groups, and the level of the VEGF expression in rhBMP-2-PLA-Ns group was significantly higher than that in the other 2 groups (P<0.05). Conclusion The biological activity of rhBMP-2-PLA-Ns is superior than that of rhBMP2, and rhBMP-2-PLA-Ns can promote the proliferation, mineralization of osteoblasts and the secretion of VEGF, which has a better prospect in facilitating traumatic bone healing.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for improving safety of clinical pharmacy admixture service(PIVAS?DDS).METHODS:The main safety control measures for PIVAS?DDS in our hospital were introduced in respects of system establishment,staff,environment,safety of drug dispensing.RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:The safety of drug dispensing is greatly inhanced through bettering working system and operational procedure,improving the cleanliness of staff,standardizing regional plan and orientation of human and material resource,which plays an important role in safety of drug use in the clinic and occupational protection,etc.