Based on the concept of environmental factors of ICF, together with the practice of environmental assessment and reform in the recent years, this paper discussed the principle, specification, procedures and content of environmental assessment.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the applications of percutaneous screw fixation for the treatment of pelvic fractures and its related surgical considerations.

METHODSFrom June 2010 to June 2012,19 patients with pelvic fractures were treated with percutaneous hollow screws. There were 13 males and 6 females, with an average age of 41 years (ranged from 22 to 58 years). Fractures were caused by traffic accidents in 11 cases, by falling down from high place in 8 cases. Based on the Tile classification, there were 15 cases of Tile C type and 4 case of Tile B type. The indexes such as screw inserting time, intraoperative blood loss, complications, functional recovery and reduction conditions were observed. Fixation methods included sacroiliac screws, cannulated screw fixation of the pubic ramus and cannulated screw fixation of the pubic symphysis separation.

RESULTSAnatomical reduction achieved in 7 cases, satisfactory reduction 11 cases, and unsatisfactory reduction 1 case. Union time of fracture union ranged from 8 to 12 weeks (mean 10 weeks). Wound infection,ununion of fracture and nerve injuries were not found. According to the Majeed standards, 12 patients obtained an excellent results, 6 good and 1 fair.

CONCLUSIONPercutaneous screw fixation for the treatment of pelvic fractures under fluoroscopy has several advantages such as less trauma, less blood loss, fewer rates of complications, reliable fixation and no blood transfusion, which can reconstruct the stability of the pelvic ring, but it needs adequate preoperative preparation and high requirements for the surgeon.

Adult ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Fractures, Bone ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pelvic Bones ; diagnostic imaging ; injuries ; surgery ; Radiography ; Young Adult

Aim: To study the synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of p-(sulfamyl) benzylidene-linked hetero-cyclic ketone derivatives. Methods: A series of p-(sulfamyl) benzylidene-linked heterocyclic ketone derivatives were synthesized. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated against xylene-induced ear oedema in mice and against carrageenan-induced paw oedema in rats. Gastrointestinal side effects in the rats were also examined after continu-ous introgastric administration of these compounds once daily for 7 days. Results: Twelve compounds( LHZ-101-LHZ-112) were synthesized and their structures were confirmed by IR, ~1H NMR, MS and elemental analysis. LHZ-105, LHZ-106 and LHZ-111 exhibited marked anti-inflammatory activity in xylene-induced mice ear swelling model. LHZ-106 and LHZ-111 showed significant anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced rat paw ede-ma model. LHZ-105, LHZ-106 and LHZ-111 had less gastrointestinal side effects than diclofenac sodium and CI-1004. Conclusion: These results suggest that some of these compounds have the potential for anti-inflammatory activity with few gastrointestinal side effects.

Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) is a well-known key target in the treatment of tumors, bacterial infections, and parasitic infections; and it plays a critical role in the biosynthesis of cellular DNA. DHFR inhibitors interfere with one-carbon metabolism by inhibiting substrate binding to DHFR, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation. Research on DHFR inhibitors has continued since the 1940s. To date, a variety of DHFR inhibitors have come into the market, primarily used for anti-tumor, antibacterial, antiparasitic, and anti-inflammatory therapy. This review summarizes the research progress of DHFR inhibitors with antitumor or antibacterial effects in recent years based on the classification of single-target and dual-target and looks forward to the opportunities and challenges faced by the work in this field.

Objective To express the recombinant caspid of genotype 4 hepatitis E virus(HEV) ORF2. Methods HEV recombinant capsid protein D66 was expressed in E. coli, using the ORF2 fragment (aa368-606, obtained from swine bile) of genotype 4 HEV. Results The recombinant capsid proteins D66 self-assemble to be particle with a radius of 13 nm through dimeric form in neutral solution. Coated particles reacted well with sera obtained from patients during acute or recovered phase of HEV infection. Immunofluorescence and immnoblot assay suggested that D66 bound and penetrated HepG2 cell lines, and the process of attachment was blocked by sera collected from patients during acute or recovered phase of HEV infection.Conclusion Recombinant D66 particles simulate the structure at the surface of genotype 4 HEV well and specifically adhere and penetrate the host cells, which lays the foundation for the investigation of the molecular mechanism of genotype 4 HEV infection.

Objective To investigate the clinical effects and safety of terbutaline combined with budesonide atomized inhalation in the treatment of children with bronchiolitis obliterans .Methods 140 cases of children with bronchiolitis obliterans from June 2015 to June 2017 were selected as research subjects , and they were randomly divided into control group and observation group according to the digital table ,with 70 cases in each group .The control group was given budesonide atomized inhalation alone ,and the observation group was given terbutaline combined with budesonide atomized inhalation .The clinical effects ,disappeared time of symptoms ,levels of IL-4 and INF-γbefore and after treatment and incidence rate of adverse effects in the two groups were compared .Results The excellent effective rate and total effective rate of the control group were 28.57％,78.57％,respectively,which were significantly lower than those of the observation group (44.29％,95.71％) (χ2 =9.73,8.60,all P<0.05).The disappeared time of symptoms of the observation group was significantly shorter than those of the control group ( t=2.67,3.15,2.20, 2.36,all P<0.05).The levels of IL-4 and INF-γafter treatment of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group and before treatment (t=2.44,2.71,3.07,3.66,2.94,3.26,all P<0.05).The incidence rates of adverse effects of the control group and the observation group were 8.57％,11.43％,respectively, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (χ2 =1.49,P>0.05).Conclusion Terbutaline combined with budesonide atomized inhalation in the treatment of children with bronchiolitis obliterans can efficiently control the disease progression ,shorten the clinical disease course ,regulate the levels of IL -4 and IFN-γand not aggravate the adverse drug reactions .

OBJECTIVETo investigate the mechanism for the apoptosis of hippocampus neuron induced by hypothyroidism in perinatal rats.

METHODSHypothyroidism was induced by administration of propylthiouracil (PTU, 50 mg/d) solution to the dams from gestational day 15 by gavage. Pups from both hypothyroid and control groups were harvested at 1, 5, 10 and 15d, respectively. Blood samples were collected at the time of death for the determination of thyroid hormone. Serum free triiodothyronine (FT(3)) and free thyroxine (FT(4)) were measured by chemoluminescence. Hippocampus specimens were collected from the control and hypothyroid pups.Mitochondia was examined under transmission electron microscopy. Translocation of apoptogenic molecules (Bax, cytochrome C and AIF) and activation of caspase-3 were analyzed by Western Blotting.

RESULTSignificantly low circulating FT(3) and FT(4) levels confirmed the hypothyroid status of the experimental pups. Electron microscopy showed that altered morphology of mitochondria significantly increased under hypothyroid conditions. The expression of Bax in the cytosol of hypothyroid pups was higher than that of control pups at all stages of development (P<0.05),and significantly higher in mitochondria (P<0.001). The expression of cytochrome c in the cytosol of hypothyroid pups was significantly higher than that of control pups at all stages of development (1,10 and 15 d:P<0.05, 5d: P<0.001), and lower in mitochondria (P<0.05). The expression of AIF in the cytosol of hypothyroid pups was higher than that of control pups at all stages of development (P<0.001), and significantly lower in mitochondria (1, 5d: P<0.001, 10, 15 d: P<0.01). he expression of caspase-3 P20 in the cytosol of hypothyroid pups was significantly higher as compared with that of the age-matched controls (1, 15d: P<0.01, 5,1 0 d: P<0.001).

CONCLUSIONThe intrinsic death pathway in mitochondria may be one of the mechanisms with which hypothyroid induces apoptosis of hippocampus neuron in developing rats.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Apoptosis ; physiology ; Female ; Hippocampus ; pathology ; Hypothyroidism ; chemically induced ; pathology ; Neurons ; pathology ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications ; pathology ; Propylthiouracil ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Objective To investigate the relationship between the dopa-mine D2 receptor ( DRD2 ) gene polymorphism and efficacy of paliperi-done extended release tablets.Methods Eighty schizophrenia patients ( the Han nationality ) were included in the study.They were administra-ted with pailperidone extended -release tablets(6-12 mg· d-1 ) for six weeks and assessed with positive and negative symptoms scale ( PANSS) and the other four kinds of scores before and after treatment.They were divided into responsive group ( the reduction rate ≥50%) and unrespon-sive group ( the reduction rate <50%) by the score of PANSS reduction rate.The polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymor-phism ( PCR-RFLP) method was used to determine the relation between DRD2 gene polymorphism and efficacy of paliperidone extended release tablets.Results There were significant differences before and after treatment according to PANSS score and the other four kinds of scores ( P<0.01).The differences of alleles and genotypes frequencies in the responsive group and unresponsive group were not statistically significant ( P>0.05).Conclusion DRD2 gene polymorphism and the efficacy of paliperidone extended -release tablets in Han nationality patients with schizophrenia may be not related .

Objective To explore clinical efficacy of F-type forceps for assisted reduction in femoral shaft fracture reduc-tion.Methods Forty-five patients with femoral shaft fracture treated with intramedullary nail and internal fixation from January 2019 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into two groups according to different reduction methods.In observation group,there were 21 patients,included 15 males and 6 females,aged from 27 to 92 years old with an average of(53.38±18.81)years old;9 patients on the left side,12 patients on the right side;7 patients were type A,8 patients were type B and 6 patients were type C according to AO fracture classification;the time from injury to operation ranged from 7 to 13 days with an average of(4.62±3.34)days;reduction was assisted by F-shaped forceps.In control group,there were 24 patients,in-cluding 17 males and 7 females,aged from 20 to 92 years old with an average of(51.96±20.43)years old;12 patients on the left side,12 patients on the right side;11 patients were type A,8 patients were type B and 5 patients were type C according to AO fracture classification;the time from injury to operation ranged from 2 to 13 days with an average of(6.29±3.04)days;tra-ditional reset mode was adopted.Operative time,intraoperative blood loss,intraoperative fluoroscopy times,intraoperative open reduction ratio,clinical healing time of fracture,postoperative complications,hospital stay,hospital cost and Lysholm score of knee joint at 6 and 12 months after surgery were compared between two groups to evaluate clinical effect.Results All patients were followed up for 12 to 24 months with an average of(16.60±3.45)months.In observation group,operative time,intraoper-ative blood loss,intraoperative fluoroscopy times,open reduction cases,and clinical healing time of fractures were(58.19±7.93)min,(88.10±44.45)ml,(25.29±5.54)times,0 case,(4.76±0.77)months,respectively;while in control group was(79.33±22.94)min,(222.92±144.45)ml,(47.46±26.25)times,5 cases,(7.13±1.80)months,and the difference between two groups were statistically significant(P＜0.05).There were no significant difference in postoperative complications,length of stay and hospitalization cost between two groups(P＞0.05).At 6 months after surgery,Lysholm score of knee joint in observa-tion group(88.62±4.48)was better than that in control group(79.21±8.91)(F=21.948,P=0.000).There were no significant difference in support use,pain and squat score between two groups(P＞0.05).At 12 months after surgery,Lysholm scores of stair climbing and pain in observation group were(9.62±1.20)and(19.76±1.92),which were better than those in control group(7.83±2.04)and(21.88±2.88)(P＜0.05).There were no significant difference in scores and total scores of other items between two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion Compared with traditional reduction method,F-type forceps instrument could short-en operation time,reduce intraoperative blood loss,reduce intraoperative fluoroscopy times,accelerate clinical healing of frac-ture,and promote earlier functional recovery of knee joint.

OBJECTIVETo present a new method for correction of prominent malar complex by L-shaped osteotomy through an intraoral incision.

METHODSBased on the anatomical characteristics of the malar complex, we designed a new L-shaped osteotomy for malar eminence reduction. The procedure includes oblique incision of the upper part of the mala, vertical incision of the anterior part of the mala and "greenstick" fracture of the zygomatic arches. According to the severity of malar prominence, we resect part of the anterior-inferior part of the mala and lower the malar complex.

RESULTSThis method was used in 39 patients with prominent malar complex. Of them, 32 were symmetrical and 7 were unsymmetrical. All the patients obtained good results.

CONCLUSIONL-shaped osteotomy for correction of prominent malar complex is a relatively ideal surgical method with the advantages of simpler manipulation, fewer complications, better result, and ensuring the intactness of the structural characteristics of the malar complex.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Osteotomy ; methods ; Surgery, Plastic ; methods ; Treatment Outcome ; Zygoma ; surgery