Hepacivirus ; Hepatitis C ; Humans

Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Hepatocytes ; cytology ; Humans ; Liver Diseases ; therapy ; Liver Regeneration ; physiology ; Research ; trends ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; Stem Cells ; cytology

Antiviral Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; China ; Hepacivirus ; Hepatitis C ; drug therapy ; Humans

Antiviral Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Genotype ; Hepatitis B virus ; drug effects ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; complications ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Liver Cirrhosis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Polyethylene Glycols ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Protease Inhibitors ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; RNA, Viral ; blood ; Ribavirin ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

Over the last several decades, the government’s health decision-making consciousness has change as result of huge economic and social changes thereby resulting in obvious volatility in the continuity of health service de-livery from China’s rural health service network:In the planned economy era. , the rural service mode of“classifica-tion and division of medical institutions and local doctors for local patients” was a starting point for the initial practice of health services continuity;however, following market reforms, rural China has adopted a discrete service mode of“patients freely choosing their doctors, and a fragmentation of provision”;after 2009, with the implementation of the equalization of primary public health service, rural health services exhibited a development trend towards a service mode of “medical treatment at primary health institutions, continuity and comprehensiveness of service provisions”. The volatility of service provision modes in the above three stages indicates a deep influence on the government’s un-derstanding of health service governance at different periods and fully demonstrates that primary care services have ob-vious political vulnerability. These policy motivations behind the characteristics of historical evolution provide many policy experiences of enlightenment for all countries, particularly for the health networks of transitioning nations. To maintain health service continuity, importance must be attached to basic health care strategies, a complete, integrat-ed grassroots health system framework and systematic operation mechanisms must be established and attention must be given to the service concept of people-centered services.

spective application of detection of HBV virological and serological markers, and their use in clinic.

Asia ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; epidemiology ; Prevalence

Antiviral Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Hepatitis C ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVE:To explore the role of clinical pharmacists in the clinical nutrition therapy for patients with parenteral nutrition-associated liver dagame (PNALD),and to promote the rational use of nutrition drugs. METHODS:Clinical pharmacists participated in the treatment of a case of PNALD,and suggested adjusting 5% Glucose and sodium chloride injection 500 mL to 0.9% Sodium chloride injection 500 mL,30% Long-chain triglycerides 250 mL to 20% Medium/long chain fatty emulsion 250 mL,8.5% Compound amino acid injection(18 AA)1000 mL to 8% Compound amino acid injection(15 AA)750 mL;addition-ally using 20%Alanyl glutamine injection 100 mL and 10% ω-3 Fish oil fat emulsion injection 100 mL inall in oneparenteral nutrition(PN)formula. The remaining recipes remain unchanged. Reduced glutathione and S-methionine were also adopted for pro-tecting liver and receding jaundice,and the amount of PN was decreased gradually and replaced by enteral nutrition (EN). RE-SULTS:Physicians adopted the suggestions of clinical pharmacists,and liver function of the patient recovered to normal. CON-CLUSIONS:Main factors of PNALD include medication time of PN,types and intake of lipid,over nutrition. Clinical pharmacists provide pharmaceutical care in nutritional treatment for patients,which can assure effective and safe use of nutritional drugs,and reduce the occurrence of complication and ADR.