Shoulder pain is the third common areas of musculoskeletal pain. Shoulder pain was originated from pathology which neck and upper thoracic spines and destabilize movement of shoulder girdle. Treatment of chronic shoulder pain was used by acupuncture in recent time. Therefore research studies increased and we made search Medline and found articles on biomechanics of shoulder complaint, when we consolidated articles on biomechanics of shoulder complaint. Then we coordinated results of consolidated articles to theory of the Chinese acupuncture meridians and collaterals. Findings of coordination biomechanics of shoulder complaints to theory of the Chinese acupuncture meridians and collaterals studies to improve diagnostics and acupuncture treatment of shoulder pain.

Introduction: Shoulder pain is quite common complaint worldwide, studied and described in many trials evaluating the effects of different treatment methods. Generally, shoulder complains managed by general practitioners and as a result of these studies many countries developed guidelines for management of shoulder complaints for general practitioners. In Oriental Traditional Medicine shoulder pain syndromes is a part of "Bi" syndromes and explained as quite common syndrome and one of the oldest afflictions. It is classified, as well as other joint complaints, as Complicated diseases, and many textbooks give the explanations on diagnostics and treatments of joint pain. In our days, when Traditional Oriental treatment methods becoming popular for the treatment of the shoulder complains, there is need to compare diagnostic approaches of two Medicines and try to develop integrated methods, which could be used by oriental medical doctors (OMD) as well as medical doctors. Taking into account the popularity of acupuncture for pain management in Mongolia we made a literature review and wanted to develop integrative understanding of the patho-mechanism of shoulder complaints and diagnostic guidelines for OMD. Diagnosis of the shoulder complaints should be done in combination of modern medicine view and theory of Channels and collaterals. Objectives: To develop the chronic shoulder pain diagnostic principles for OMD, basing on 10th international disease classification, diagnostic methods used in GP practice, and theory of Pathogens, Channels and Collaterals, TCM. Methods: We did a literature review on diagnostic methods of chronic shoulder pain in modern medicine and Oriental medicine. By the shoulder pain we mean pain located in the region of deltoid muscle, the acromioclavicular joint, the superior part of the trapezoid muscle and the scapula. We excluded rheumatic disorders, severe traumas, tumors, shoulder complains due to internal and neurological diseases because it needs different treatment principles. In TCM, the joint problems are caused by invasion of Wind, Cold and Dampness into the body, which leads to obstruction or "Bi" syndrome. No doubt, that there are many other factors, such as weakness of defensive energy or insufficient energy of certain organs, but patho-mechanism describes that, pathogenic factors invade the body and obstructs Channels and Collaterals and lead to insufficient flow of Qi and Blood. There are five painful joint "Bi" syndromes such as Wind, Cold, Damp, Heat, and Bony Painful Obstruction Syndrome. Three of them (Cold, Damp, Bony syndromes) could be classified as chronic conditions, so we emphasized out attention on them. From the modern medicine view we take diagnostic groups according to the 10th International disease classification: adhesive capsulitis of shoulder (frosen shoulder)M75, Rotator cuff syndrome M75.1, Bicipital tendinitis M75.2, Calcific tendinitis of shoulder M75.3, Impingement syndrome of shoulder M75.4, Bursitis of shoulder M75.5, Other shoulder lesions M75.8. Shoulder lesion, unspecified M75.9. These diagnosis could include into three general groups of complains, which has different therapeutic principles: 1) Synovial group - consisting of patients with pain and /or limitation of motion in one or more directions of the range of active or passive motion of the glenohumeral joint. This complains originate from disorders of the subacromial structures, the acromioclavicular joint, the glenohumeral joint or combinations. 2) A shoulder girdle group - the pain and limitation of the range of active motion of the glenohumeral joint are not related to synovial structures. Instead, pain or limitation of one or several directions of the range of motion of the cervical spine, upper thoracic spine or the upper ribs is found. 3) Patients with combinations of synovial and shoulder girdle disorders - patients with pain and sometimes with slight limitations in the active or passive range of motion of the glenohumeral joint together with pain or limitation of the range of motion of the cervical, upper thoracic spine and/or the upper ribs. Both the synovial structures and the structures of the cervical spine, the upper thoracic spine and the upper ribs may cause the complains. For the diagnosis of the diseases which cause the shoulder pain, it is recommended to use examination tests developed by Cyriax, and then modernized by Sobel and Winters. It is useful to examine Dowborn test, Howkins' test, drop-arm test, empty-can test, the cross-body adduction test, and the external rotation tests used for diagnosis of shoulder complains. Conclusion: The mechanism of shoulder pain in TCM could be adopted in Modern medicine diagnosis, as well as guidelines' examination items could be adopted in Traditional medicine. Pathological changes in shoulder joint and shoulder girdle could be integrated into the diagnostic items used in Traditional medicine. It will improve the quality of acupuncture treatment for shoulder pain.

Background: When the incidence of the chronic shoulder pain syndrome is increasing year by year, it is necessary to determine the effects of pain relief, recovery of joint disability, and impact on quality of life through clinical trial research when calculating the results of Turem treatment, which is one of the main methods of traditional medical treatment. Aim: To study the effects of traditional medicine chiropractic on pain relief, mobility improvement, joint function recovery, and quality of life in chronic shoulder pain syndrome. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted using a single-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial (RCT) design. In the study, 60 clients were randomly selected from people suffering from of the shoulder joint pain, and group 1 received Turem treatment together with physical therapy, and group 2 received physical therapy. The results of the study were evaluated by shoulder pain (VAS score), muscle strength, range of motion of the shoulder joint with a goniometer, and the Disability of Arms, Shoulders, and Paws Questionnaire (DASH). The research was conducted in accordance with the appropriate ethical approvals (No. 2024/3-05), (No. 2024-18) and confirmed by an informed consent form. Clinical trial research results were processed using T-test, Independent T-test, repeated ANOWA test. Results: The average age of the participants in the study was 56.13±7.13 years in the treatment group and 53.87±8.05 years in the control group, and 55% were male and 45% female. When shoulder joint pain was evaluated by VAS assessment, the values before and after treatment and after 1 month of treatment in the turem treatment group and the control group decreased statistically significantly (p=0.000). There was a statistical difference between the results of the 2 study groups. When assessing muscle strength, no statistically significant difference was observed between the results of the turem treatment and control groups. When measuring the amplitude of the shoulder joint in the subjects, the amplitude of shoulder extension, abduction, external rotation, and inward rotation increased after the treatment, and compared to the two groups, the index of the turem treatment group increased with statistical significance (p=0.000). When assessed by the Hand, Shoulder, and Hand Dysfunction Questionnaire (DASH), the score of the questionnaire decreased significantly (p=0.000) before, after, and after 1 month of treatment in the turem treatment group and the control group. Turem treatment has been shown to reduce the rate of shoulder disability and improve function in chronic shoulder pain syndrome. Conclusion: Turem treatment for chronic shoulder pain syndrome can reduce shoulder pain, increase joint range, and improve muscle strength. Also, turem treatment reduced the rate of shoulder disability and improved function. Conclusion Turem treatment for chronic shoulder pain syndrome can reduce shoulder pain, increase joint range, and improve muscle strength. Also, turem treatment reduced the rate of shoulder disability and improved function.

Traditional medical system has been developed in most of the countries. Traditional medicine is recognized in developing countries though its methods of treatments, training, and policy have not fully been implemented into their health care system. In highly developed countries, many schools of allopathic medicine have training of complementary and alternative medicine. School of Traditional Medicine is one of 10 schools of Health Sciences University of Mongolia. Curriculum of traditional medical education has been changed for 4 times since establishment of School of Traditional Medicine in 1989. There is strong need to develop traditional medical education towards to international standards. Traditional medical education policy should be developed based on research and constant supply of traditional medical practitioners and population with useful knowledge.

Background: Herpes zoster (shingles) is an acute inflammatory skin disease caused by the reactivation of the Varicel la-zoster virus. International studies show that the disease severely reduces patients’ quality of life, and chronic pain negatively affects daily activities. In clinical practice, bloodletting pricking therapy has been effectively used for herpes zoster, with positive effects including reducing disease symptoms, alleviating skin inflammation, and promoting skin regeneration. Due to the limited research on treating herpes zoster with combined bloodletting pricking therapy and acupuncture, this clinical study was conducted. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of combining bloodletting pricking therapy with acupuncture in patients diagnosed with herpes zoster. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted using a non-randomized clinical trial design based at the Internation al School of Mongolian Medicine of MNUMS and the Inner Mongolia International Mongolian Medicine Committee (IMIMC). The study included 70 patients diagnosed with herpes zoster (ICD 10-B02.9) who met the inclusion criteria. The treatment group received bloodletting pricking therapy combined with acupuncture. The control group received Acyclovir 800 mg 5 times daily for 7-10 days and Pregabalin 75 mg twice daily for 14 days. Treatment effectiveness was evaluated using the VAS linear scale for pain assessment, the SF-12 (Short Form-12 health survey) questionnaire for quality of life, and the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) to measure sleep quality and evaluate insomnia. The treatment outcome was assessed according to the Mongolian Traditional Medicine Diagnostic and Treatment Standards. Results: The average age of participants was 47.29±11.11 in the treatment group and 44.43±11.63 in the control group, with 34% male and 66% female participants. According to the VAS linear scale, the treatment group showed a statistically significant greater reduction in pain (P<0.001). The quality-of-life assessment using the SF-12 questionnaire showed that the Physical Component Summary (SF-12-PCS) in the treatment group increased from 32.71±7.38 before treatment to 52.99±2.02 after treatment (t=-17.18, p<0.001), while in the control group, it increased from 36.10±7.41 to 51.56±7.9 (SF-12-3.9) (p<0.001). According to the AIS questionnaire, the sleep quality in the treatment group was significantly better than in the control group (P<0.05). According to the Mongolian Traditional Medicine Diagnostic and Treatment Standards, the combined treatment of pricking therapy and acupuncture resulted in a 100% recovery rate. Conclusion 1. The combination of bloodletting pricking therapy and acupuncture in treating herpes zoster effectively reduces pain. 2. For patients diagnosed with herpes zoster, combining bloodletting pricking therapy with acupuncture effectively improves quality of life in terms of sleep quality as well as physical and mental functioning.