Humans ; Labyrinth Diseases ; Semicircular Canals ; physiopathology ; Syndrome

Hearing loss caused by cochlear damage is the main symptom of sudden deafness (SD). Some patients also suffer from vestibular symptoms. In recent years, more attention has been paid to the vestibular dysfunction in patients with SD. The lesions could involve the whole inner ear in SD patients with and without vertigo. Comprehensive evaluation of vestibular function may help us understand the extent of lesions in sudden deafness and analyze the pathogenesis of disease. A less involvement of inner ear lesion may indicate a better hearing recovery.
Cochlea ; injuries ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Vertigo ; Vestibule, Labyrinth ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of the vestibular diagnosis and treatment system (SRM-IV ) in diagnosis and treatment of patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). METHOD: Patients who were diagnosed as BPPV by SRM-TV in the clinic of our hospital from November 2013 to October 2014 were retrospectively analyzed in this study. RESULT: Among 425 suspected cases, 230 BPPV-positive patients were diagnosed including 131 cases of posterior SC (57.0%), 95 cases of horizontal SC (41.3%) and 4 cases of more than two SC (1.7%). The cure rate by SRM-V was 94.6% and the effective rate was 100.0%. The relapsed occurred in 10 patients (4.8%), which contained 4 men and 6 women. CONCLUSION SRM-V can realize 360° reasonable repositioning procedure while Canalish reposition procedure cannot. SRM-V can improve both the corrective rate of diagnosis and the cure rate, especially for the patients who suffered from complex BPPV.
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Patient Positioning ; Retrospective Studies ; Vestibule, Labyrinth ; physiopathology

The present study was designed to examine the possible relationship between the function of the labyrinth and the role of the sympathetic nervous system In experimental motion sickness produced by rotatory movement(8O r.p.m.). The catecholamines in the brain, the heart and the adrenal gland of rats were rapidly reduced to one half of normal values following exposure to rotatory movement. The pretreatment with streptomycin and dramamine completely prevented the depletion by the rotatory movement of the catecholamines in the brain, the heart and the adrenal gland, but scopolamine did not prevent the decrease. Bretylium or chlorpromazine signifcantly inhibited reduction of the catechol-amines in both of the brain and the heart. However they did not influence the decrease in the adrenal gland. The reduction of the tissue catecholamines in rotatory movement is presumed to be caused largely by activation of the sympathetic nervous system mediated through labyrinthine stimulation.
Animals ; Catecholamines/*metabolism ; Labyrinth/*physiopathology ; Male ; Motion Sickness/*etiology ; Rats ; *Rotation ; Sympathetic Nervous System/*physiopathology ; OID - NASA: 70030571

OBJECTIVETo discuss the characteristics of subjective visual gravity (subjective visual vertical/horizontal, SVV/SVH) and assess its clinical application for peripheral unilateral vestibular compensation.

METHODS69 cases of acute peripheral unilateral vestibular dysfunction patients (case group) accepted SVV/SVH, spontaneous nystagmus (SN), caloric test (CT) and other vestibular function tests. 49 healthy people (control group) accepted SVV/SVH only. SVV/SVH, SN and unilateral weakness (UW) were selected as for the observation indicators. The correlations between SVV/SVH, SN, UW and courses were investigated respectively, as well as the characteristic of SVV/SVH, SN in period of vestibular compensation.

RESULTSAmong case group SVV, SVH positive in 42 patients(60.9%) and 44 patients(63.8%), the absolute values of the skew angle were in the range between 2.1°-20.0°, 2.1°-22.2°. Skew angles of SVV/SVH in control were in the range between -1.5°-2.0° and -2.0°-1.6°, and had no statistical significance with case group(t=5.336 and 5.864, P<0.05). SN-positive 28 cases (40.6%), the range of intensities at 2.4°-17.1°; UW-positive 50 cases (72.5%). In case group, positive correlation between SVV and SVH(r=0.948, P=0.00), negatively correlated between SVV/SVH and SN respectively(r values were -0.720, -0.733, P values were 0.00), no correlation between the skew angle of SVV/SVH, strength of SN and UW value(r values were 0.191, 0.189, and 0.179, P>0.05), there was no correlation between the absolute value of SVV, SVH, SN, UW with the duration (rs values were -0.075, -0.065, -0.212, and 0.126, P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSubjective visual gravity can be used not only to assess the range of unilateral peripheral vestibular dysfunction, but also help assess the static compensatory of otolithic, guidance and assessment of vestibular rehabilitation.

Caloric Tests ; Gravitation ; Humans ; Otolithic Membrane ; Pilot Projects ; Vestibular Diseases ; physiopathology ; Vestibular Function Tests ; Vestibule, Labyrinth ; physiopathology ; Visual Perception

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Conduction ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Otosclerosis ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials ; Vestibule, Labyrinth ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical values of Sensory Organization Test (SOT) of dynamic posturography in the diagnosis of peripheral vertigo.

METHODSA total of 112 patients with peripheral vertigo were retrospectively analyzed. All the patients firstly underwent the inspection of SOT followed by caloric test. The results were conducted a comparative analysis. Assessments of SOT evaluated the patient's effective use of visual, vestibular, and somatosensory information for balance control during a variety of changing task conditions. The unilateral weakness was selected as assessment parameter of caloric test. Fourty-two healthy subjects were selected as control group underwent the dynamic posturography.

RESULTSAmong the 42 cases of control group, results of SOT in dynamic posturography were normal. The SOT composite scores owned a significant difference between control and peripheral vertigo subjects. Among the 112 cases with peripheral vertigo, results of SOT in dynamic posturography were abnormal in 37 cases, with a sensitivity of 33.0%; caloric test was abnormal in 72 cases, with a sensitivity of 64.3%. There existed a significant difference between dynamic posturography and caloric test.

CONCLUSIONSOT is a key test in dynamic posturography that reflects the balance reconstruction after peripheral injury, and provides information about the integration and proportion of the visual, proprioceptive, and vestibular components of balance.

Caloric Tests ; Case-Control Studies ; Humans ; Postural Balance ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Vertigo ; diagnosis ; Vestibular Diseases ; diagnosis ; Vestibule, Labyrinth ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the pathological status of the vestibular system associated with noise-induced inner ear impairment.

METHODSTotally 68 patients with noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) who presented with vestibular symptoms including vertigo, dizziness, and chronic disequilibrium were screened. All patients underwent a series of conventional vestibular function tests and vestibular autorotation test and the results were retrospectively reviewed and evaluated.

RESULTSSixty-eight (14.5%) patients with NIHL were identified among 469 patients with vertigo, dizziness, or imbalance. A pure tone hearing threshold of patients with vertigo and NIHL at 4000 Hz were between 30 dB HL and 80 dB HL with an average threshold of (46.7 +/- 17.6) dB HL in left ear and (37.3 +/- 16.7) dB HL in right ear. Patients with symmetrical hearing loss at 4000 Hz accounted for 41.7% and those with asymmetrical loss accounted for 58.3%. Vestibular pathologies included benign positional paroxysmal vertigo (45.7%), unilateral decreased caloric responses (20.0%), bilateral decreased caloric responses (26.7%), abnormal vestibulo-spinal reflex function (28.6%), vestibular function response hyperactivity (3.0%), and abnormal vestibulo-ocular reflex presentation at high frequencies (97.0%).

CONCLUSIONSLoud acoustic stimulation not only damages the cochlea but also causes clear functional impairment to the vestibular end organs. Although the vestibular pathology is not correlated with the severity of the hearing loss, it correlates with the subjective symptoms of the vestibular system.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Noise ; Retrospective Studies ; Vestibular Function Tests ; Vestibule, Labyrinth ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo observe the changes of auditory steady-state response (ASSR) threshold in guinea pigs with posterior semicircular canal fistula.

METHODSIn 10 guinea pigs, a window was opened in the posterior semicircular canal of the left ear with the right ear serving as the control for testing the ASSR under anesthesia with pentobarbital sodium.

RESULTSThe mean and standard deviation of ASSR threshold (dB SPL) at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz in the left ear was 35.00+/-14.33, 25.50+/-12.37, 20.00+/-9.37 and 20.00+/-9.18, respectively, and was 31.00+/-16.19, 25.50+/-12.34, 18.00+/-6.96 and 18.50+/-6.71 in the right ear, respectively. Paired-sample t test showed no significant difference in the ASSR at the same frequency between the two ears.

CONCLUSIONSmall fistula by surgery causes no significant hearing loss in guinea pigs.

Animals ; Audiometry, Pure-Tone ; methods ; Auditory Threshold ; physiology ; Cochlea ; pathology ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory ; Fistula ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Guinea Pigs ; Labyrinth Diseases ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Semicircular Canals

OBJECTIVETo analyze the clinical characteristics, prognosis and therapeutic effects of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) patients associated with vertigo, and to investigate the strategy of diagnosis and treatment.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics of 240 patients diagnosed as SSHL with vertigo, who were treated in the Chinese PLA General Hospital from July 2008 to August 2012. Various factors affecting the therapeutic effects were analyzed, such as audiological features, vestibular function tests, genders, audiograms, lasting before seeing a doctor, courses of vertigo and vascular factors.

RESULTAmong the contemporaneous SSHL patients (873 cases), the cases with vertigo accounted for 27.49% (240/873). Among the 240 patients with vertigo, the cases with different hearing impaired degree of mild, moderate, severe and profound were 30, 13, 28 and 34, respectively, primarily by the profound cases. Detailed vestibular function tests were performed in 97 patients, with 54 cases having unilateral vestibular disfunction and 43 patients having normal vestibular function, among which 23 cases were diagnosed as benign paroxymal positional vertigo (BBPV). The relationship between vestibular function and different hearing impaired degrees or various audiogram types had no statistically significant difference. 219 cases had detailed records of the onset time of cochlear and vestibular symptoms, including 122 patients with cochlear symptoms and dizziness occurring simultaneously. After standardized drug treatment, the total effective rate was 46.67%, with recovery in 17 cases, excellent in 34 cases, better in 61 cases and poor in 128 cases, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that different genders, audiogram types, vertigo courses of time, the results of vestibular function and neck vascular ultrasounds were not related to the curative effects, while, the treatment time after onset was significantly associated with treatment effects.

CONCLUSIONSSSHL with vertigo has a high incidence, primarily single side affected, with relatively severe hearing impairment, and total deafness and downslope hearing curve mainly. Vestibular function can be normal or low in SSHL patients with vertigo, with a higher incidence of BPPV. Vestibular and cochlear symptoms occur simultaneously in more than half of the patients. The detection rate of vestibular dysfunction gradually increased, as the degree of hearing loss increased, without statistical significance although. The therapeutic effects of sudden hearing loss with vertigo cases have no relationship with dizziness duration or vestibular function, while the disease course plays an important role in treatment.

Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo ; complications ; Cochlea ; physiopathology ; Deafness ; Dizziness ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; complications ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Vestibular Function Tests ; Vestibule, Labyrinth ; physiopathology