A new method for the determination of peptide antibiotics in sediment from aquaculture environment by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was developed. The target analytes in sediments were ultrasonically extracted twice with citrate buffer solution and methol mixture (3∶ 4, V/ V), followed by complexation with 0. 5 g of Na2 EDTA, purification with 5 mL of methyl isobutyl ketone, and clean-up with HLB-SPE column. The analytes were separated on a MGII C18 column by gradient elution with 0. 1% formaic acid-0. 1% formaic acid acetonitrile as mobile phase, detected in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) with electrospray ionization (ESI) under positive ion mode, and quantified by external standard method. The calibration curves were linear (R2 >0. 999) over a concentration range of 10 -10000μg / L for colistin and bacitracin and 4-4000 μg / L for virginiamycin M1 . The limits of detection (S / N = 3) were 5 μg / kg for colistin and bacitracin and 2 μg / kg for virginiamycin M1 . The limits of quantification (S / N=10) was 10 μg / kg for colistin and bacitracin and 4 μg / kg for virginiamycin M1 . At three spiked levels, the recoveries ranged from 79. 7% to 91. 6% (RSD=1. 9% -10. 8% ), showing high sensitivity, good reproducibility and wide applicability.

Blood-Brain Barrier ; physiopathology ; Brain Injuries ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Inflammation ; complications ; Oxygen ; metabolism

Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) has been widely used in the treatment of Sjogren's syndrome. However, there remains no systematic review to assess the effectiveness and safety of CHM.

Objective To understand the clinical characteristics of primary small vessel vasculitis with involvement of lungs in children and analyze the causes of misdiagnosis.Methods Clinical data from 16 patients with primary small vessel vasculitis were collected and their pathological,antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody(ANCA),pulmonary lesion manifestations,image and misdiagnosis were further analyzed.Results Among 16 cases,9 cases were microscopic polyarateritis(MPA) and 4 cases were Wegeners granulomatosis(WG) and 3 cases were Churg-Strause syndrome(CSS).The ages of onset were from 3 to 14 years old with average age of 7.5 years old.Seventy-five percent(12/16) were ANCA positive.The patients with lung involvement had cough,chest pain,dyspnea,hemoptasis and asthma.Findings on lung X-ray films were variable.Some showed multiple patch shadows,others showed single or multiple masses or nodular shadows with or without cavity formation.After the treatments with corticosteroid and cyclophosphamide,10 cases turned better;including 8 cases with normal on lung X-ray films.Three cases given up;3 cases died.Conclusion It is very difficult to make diagnosis of primary small vessel vasculitis with involvement of lungs and should be paid more attentions to this issue.

Objective To study the effect of hypothyroidism on oxidative stress status in developing rat brain and to further explore the mechanism of impaired brain development caused by hypothyroidism. Methods Perinatal hypothyroidism was induced by administering propylthiouracil(PTU) solution to the dams by gavage.The oxidative stress indexes were measured in brain homogenate of normal and hypothyroid pups which were sacrificed on the 21st d after birth. Results As compared to the control,the following indexes were found to be increased in the hypothyroid group: protein carbonyl contents,thiobarbital acid reactive substances,reduced glutathione,total antioxidative capacity,activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase(P0.05). Conclusion Hypothyroidism during rat brain development may cause oxidative stress,which may be related to the brain damage caused by hypothyroidism.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of different strategy of antithrombotic therapy in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and coronary disease.Methods 224 inpatients and outpatients with AF and coronary disease whose mean follow-up time was 2 years,were divided into warfarin group,warfarin combined with antiplatelet drug(aspirin or clopidogrel) group,antiplatelet drug(aspirin or clopidogrel) group and control group.The thromboembolic event rate and adverse events incidence were observed in different groups.Results The risk of thromboembolic events,particular emerging risk of cerebral infarction in the control group(12.50 ％) was significantly higher than other groups (P＜ 0.05).Thrombotic event rates in warfarin + single joint group(2.78％) was lower than other groups(warfarin group 4.29 ％,single joint group 5.81％),but there was no significant statistical difference.The overall risk of bleeding in the control group (3.13 ％) was significantly lower than other antithrombotic group (P＜0.05).The incidence of skin bruising in single joint group was lower than other antithrombotic groups,the overall bleeding risk,especially gasfrointestinal bleeding in warfarin+ single joint group was significantly higher than other groups (P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Elderly patients with coronary heart disease and atrial fibrillation need antithrombotic therapy to prevent thrombotic events.Using warfarin alone or warfarin combined antiplatelet drug does not lead to serious bleeding events,but generally bleeding risk should be attracted more attention.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of Jianpiqinghua Particles and Wentong Powder on early stage of diabetic feet adding to basal treatment,and to establish a standardized clinical diabetic foot prevention program of integrated traditional Chinese medicine.Methods:Take a randomized blind placebo-controlled add-on trial:The treatment group of 20 was given with Jianpiqinghua Particle(oral),Wentong Powder(foot washing),the control group of 20 was given placebo by same methods.The course in both groups was16 weeks.The change of total effect body and foot feeling(VAS scale),electro-neurophysiological examination and ankle/brachial ratio were evaluated.Results:The TCM group was superior to the control group in improving the body and feet clinical symptoms,nerve conduction velocity,evoked potential amplitude and the ABI index(P

The Logminer utility has been provided by the latest Oracle 8i version.It can analyze archived log files and online log files.This paper introduces how to install and use this utility,especially how to make the use of the auditing function on key users and key data tables,as well as recover the hostility operation without the shutdown of database.

The study is to describe the main activities of NGOs involved in programs of China AIDS Global Fund Round 5 and analyze the advantage and necessity of their involvement in HIV/AIDS control. The experience and problems of NGOs ' involvement in AIDS Global Fund Programs,as well as appropriate approaches to address them are discussed.

Objective To correlate vWF expression in the endothelium of transitional pulmonary arterioles from lung biopsy in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) secondary to left-to-right shunt congenital heart defects (CHD). The results will be compared to vWF expression in peripheral venous plasma pre-operatively and the early post-operative outcome. Methods Consecutive 70 cases of left-to-right shunt congenital heart defects were involved in the study, the age ranged from 4 months to 63 years. Pulmonary systolic pressure/systemic systolic pressure (Pp/Ps) was calculated from Swan-Ganz floating catheter monitoring before corrective operation. PH was found in 62 cases, with slight PH in 16, moderated PH in 24 and severe PH in 22. Non-PH in 8 cases. Twenty-six cases of non-heart and lung disease were involved in as control. Lung biopsy tissue was stained for routine pathologic classification and quantitative vWF expression, with testing vWF in the peripheral venous blood. Post-operative complication was noted. Results There was a statistically difference of vWF expression in the endothelium of pulmonary transitional arterioles between PH group and non-PH group, with reducing intensity in order of non-PH, slight Ph, moderate PH and severe PH. A negative relationship was statistically noted between Pp/Ps and vWF expression in the arteriole endothelium (=61.88-33.30x, r=-0.701, P