Epidemiological and pathological evidence has demonstrated that adverse in utero environment,such as protein restriction,hypercholesterolemia,diabetes and smoking,can increase the risk of vascular disease in the offspring.In utero,the placenta and fetus are exposed to the metabolic,antioxidant and pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory signals from the mother and likely to make specific responses,which may lead to permanent changes either in DNA methylation or chromatin modification or both,and these changes,in turn,may result in increased atherosclerosis susceptibility in adulthood.In this review,we briefly summarize the possible signals crossing the placental barrier and discuss the molecular mechanisms of epigenetic programming in the developing fetus that may lead to increased athero-susceptibility of the vessel wall.

To collect the literatures which are the treatments of sjogren's syndrome with pulmonary fibrosis by traditional Chinese medicine. It is including the etiology and pathogenesis, specific prescription and medication, clinical proved recipe, single herb and experimental research to summarize the traditional Chinese medicine treatment of sjogren's syndrome with pulmonary interstitial fibrosis. After reviewing Literatures, the Chinese medicine to the sjogren's syndrome with pulmonary fibrosis has a vast developing prospect and deserves further study.

Objective To report the experience of the revision procedure with morselized bone grafting and a special design of acetabular prosthesis with three wings for loosened acetabular component in our hospital. Methods Since December 1989 to Junanry 1999, 23 cases with loosened acetabular component and bone defect were revised by morselized bone auto/allografting. There were 12 males and 11 females, the average age of the patients was 54.2 years old (range from 38 to 71 years old). The prosthesis of primary THA was double cup in 4 cases, the conventional THA in 19 cases, cemented in 22 cases and cementless in 1 cases. The severity of acetabular component loosening was classified into four types according to Gustillo: Type II in 3 cases, type III in 9 cases and type IV in 11 cases. The morselized bone autografting and allografting with size 4－ 6 mm were used in 6 cases and in 17 cases respectively. Different acetabular components had been used, the thread metal acetabular cup in 2 cases, screw fixed conventional metal acetabular cup in 10 cases and special design acetabular prosthesis with three wings in 11 cases. The latter prosthesis consists of an conventional acetabular component with pearl porous surface and three wings with different length and sharp edge distributed centrally in the superior lateral quadrant on the surface, the liner is made of UHMPE. Results No infection of the wound occurred in this group. The mean time of follow- up was 3 years and 8 months. Except 3 cases, all of the bone grafts was healed well and X－ ray showed that the containing of acetabular component was good, no translucent line between donor bone bed and prosthesis, and the bone defect had been repaired. The average Harris score was 47 before revision, and 86 after revision. The successful rate of revision was 86.9％ . There were 3 loosening cases postoperatively, 2 cases were due to incorrect position of prostheses and insufficient bone graft, another case was due to the screw being too short to fix the acetabular component. However, all of the three cases have partial bone growth in the original loosening acetabular. Conclusion 1. Direct contact between the morselized bone auto/allograft and the surface of metal acetabular component and the firm fixation of the prosthesis have showed good result of bone defect reconstruction. 2. The special design of acetabular prosthesis with three wings could be selected as an alternative method for huge bone loss of acetabulum (ranged from 64 to 79 mm), because it was able to enlarge the volume of the acetabular component.

Objective To set up an information platform applicable to medical non-commissioned officers (NCOs) so as to integrate,multiply and share teaching resources,and optimize and improve training abilities.Methods The downstage application and backstage management were realized by ASP and WEB database program,as well as by dynamic renewal of web pages via backstage adjustment.Results Based on local area network,an information platform applicable to medical NCOs' education was set up,on which the goals,including digitization of textbooks,integration of courseware,standardization of picture and word materials,automatic formation of teaching plans,and upload,download and broadcast of courses,were reached.Conclusion The educative digitization can be realized for medical NCOs by means of computerized network,database and multimedia techniques,which helps to push forward the innovation of educative modes and approaches.

Objective To explore the practical method and teaching effect of problem-based learning (PBL) pattern in teaching of gastrointestinal disease for seven-year-program students during their internal medical probation.Methods The traditional pattern (gastrointestinal diseases) and PBL pattern (hepatobiliary diseases) were applied in these students to assess the teaching effects by exam scores and questionnaire.Results ① There was no significant difference between traditional training and PBL by exam scores (P＞0.05).② The PBL approach was widely accepted by students,which could contribute to the improvement of their learning motivation.It developed skills,including self-directed learning,summarizing,and clinical thinking capability and so on.Conclusion The PBL approach is a practical learning strategy that can improve the teaching effect; therefore it should be wildly practiced in future works.

Objective To evaluate the effects of leg ischemic postconditioning on focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in diabetic rats. Methods Forty male diabetic SD rats weighing 270-320 g were randomly assigned to one of 4 groups (n=10 each):group Ⅰcontrol (C);group Ⅱ sham operation (S);group Ⅲ fecal cerebral ischemia-repertusion (I/R) and group Ⅳ leg ischemic postconditioning (IPC). Diabetes mellitus was induced by intraperitoneal streptozotocin. Local cerebral I/R was produced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 1.5 h followed by 6 h reperfusion. A nylon thread with rounded tip was inserted into internal carotid artery and threaded cranially until resistance was felt. Leg isebemia was induced by placing tourniquet on beth legs at 30 min before repeffusion. The animals underwent 3 episodes of 5 min leg ischemia at 5 min intervals. Neuro-functional deficit was assessed and recorded at the end of 6h reperfusion using neurologic deficit scores (NDS) (0=no deficit, 4=unable to crawl and semiconscious). The animals were then decapitated and their brains were removed for determination of volume of cerebral infaret (by TIC staining) and ratio' of neuronal apoptosis (by TUNEL). Results NDS and cerebral infarct volume were significantly increased at the end of 6 h reperfusion in group I/R and IPC as compared with group C and S. IPC significantly decreased cerebral infarct volume and ratio of neuronal apoptosis induced by MCAO. There was no significant difference in NDA between group I/R and IPC. Conclusion Leg iscbemic postconditioning can protect the brain against focal cerebral I/R injury in diabetic rats.

Objective　To study the possibility of measuring health status for residents in rural areas by the Chinese SF-36 scale. Methods　Health status for 207 residents in rural areas of Fuyang city who were 14 years old and over was measured by the Chinese SF-36 scale. The reliability and validity were analyzed. Results　The internal consistency reliability coefficients (Cronbach'α) exceeded 0.50 for all scales except SF and RE scales. Inter-scale correlation coefficients were lower than Cronbach'α coefficients for all scales except SF scale. Factor analysis identified three principal components, which could be used to explain 64.6% of the total variance. The differences of scale scores between the young group and the middle age group weren't significant. There weren't significant differences of scale scores between sexes except RP scale. The differences of scale scores between smokers and no-smokers, drinkers and no-drinkers weren't significant. Nor were the differences between various educational levels. Conclusion　Whether the Chinese SF-36 scale is suitable for measurement of health status for residents in rural areas needs further studies to give more evidences.

Objective To explore the methods of inducing human placenta mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to differentiate into insulin-producing cells. Methods MSCs were obtained from human placenta and were induced to differentiate into insulin-producing cells by activin A, epidermal growth factor (EGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and other cytokines. The cells were identified by immunocytochemistry staining, Western Blot and animal experiment after differentiation. Results After induction, the cells possessed some characteristics of islet βcells, and could express pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX-1), insulin and C peptide. The induced cells could also decrease blood glucose levels of diabetic mice. Conclusions These results showed that human placenta MSCs can be induced to differentiate into insulin-producing cells by cytokines.

The health inspection and quarantine specialty is a new undergraduate specialty published by Ministry of Education in 2012.But the health inspection professional or preventive medicine (health inspection subspectialty) set in our country put more emphasis on the content of health inspectionor medical examination,rarely involved in the Quarantine content.Therefore,according to the new professional requirements and training objectives,combined with other quarantine specialty course teaching experience and the disciplinary characteristics,we explored a feasible way to develop the discipline and training,from the health and quarantine courses setting,teaching theory,teaching practice,teaching evaluation and management aspects.

Objective To analyse our clinical experience with CT guided percutaneous renal cysts puncture and ethanol therapy.Methods Five hundred and ten renal cysts in 445 patients were undergone CT guided percutaneous renal cysts puncture and ethanol therapy. Among the 445 cases, 385 cases had solitary renal cyst, 53 multiple renal cysts, and 7 polycystic kidneys. The renal cysts varied in size from 1.9 to 13.5cm in diameter. The amount of aspirated fluid varied from 3 to 780ml. A 18-21 gauge aspiration needles were used for all patients. A 25.0% cyst volume replacement with 99.7% ethanol was approved to be appropriate. Results 427 renal cysts in 396 patients were followed up by computed tomographic (CT) or ultrasound for less than 3 months to more than one year duration. The curative effective rate and disappearance rate of the renal cystic cavity in solitary renal cysts were 97% and 82%, respectively. In multiple renal cysts, the corresponding values were 95% and 79%. In polycystic kidneys, the curative rate was 67%. The complications such as local abdominal pain (28 cases) and hematuria (four cases) were observed in this series. There were no fatal complications. Conclusions CT guided percutaneous renal cyst puncture and ethanol therapy is an useful procedure for the treatment of solitary renal cysts and multiple renal cysts.