OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of Acarbose in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. METHODS:The CORE diabetes model was employed to evaluate the long-term cost-effectiveness of Acarbose in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. RESULTS:Acarbose treatment prolonged patients' life expectancy by 0.27 years and quality-adjusted life expectancy by 0.26 years,but its cost was 17 081 yuan higher than in the control group. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was 62 717 yuan per life expectancy gained and 66 633 yuan per quality-adjusted life expectancy gained. An acceptability curve of cost-effectiveness showed that 76% of the patients would regard that Acarbose is cost-effectiveness when a willingness to pay was 100 000 yuan. CONCLUSION:Acarbose has long-term cost-effectiveness in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

Objective: To investigate the trend in incidence of stroke in Yongkang City, Zhejiang Province from 2015 to 2022, so as to provide the evidence for improving stroke prevention and treatment strategies. Methods: The incidence of stroke in Yongkang City from 2015 to 2022 was collected through the Zhejiang Chronic Disease Monitoring Information System, and standardized by the data of the Chinese National Population Census in 2010. The incidence of stroke in gender-, age- and subtype-specific was analyzed, and the incidence trend of stroke was analyzed by average annual percentage change (AAPC). Results: A total of 22 408 stroke cases were reported in Yongkang City from 2015 to 2022, with crude incidence of 457.97/105 and standardized incidence of 379.55/105. The crude incidence of stroke appeared a tendency towards a rise (AAPC=6.447%, P<0.05). The crude incidence of stroke was higher among males than females (495.97/105 vs. 417.58/105, P<0.05), and the standardized incidence of stroke was higher among males than females (425.29/105 vs. 332.49/105, P<0.05). The average age of stroke cases was (70.74±12.64) years. The crude incidence of stroke appeared a tendency towards a rise with age (P<0.05), and which in residents aged 30 to 44 years showed an increasing trend (AAPC=6.142%,P<0.05). There were 18 040 cases of ischemic stroke (80.51%), 4 121 cases of hemorrhagic stroke (18.39%) and 247 cases of unclassified stroke (1.10%) reported from 2015 to 2022. The crude incidence of ischemic stroke was higher than which of hemorrhagic stroke (368.70/105 vs. 84.22/105, P<0.05). The crude incidence of ischemic stroke appeared a tendency towards a rise (AAPC=7.851%, P<0.05). Conclusions The crude incidence of stroke appeared a tendency towards a rise in Yongkang City from 2015 to 2022, with ischemic stroke as the predominant subtype. Male and the elderly should be given a high priority for stroke control.

In order to expand the capabilities of hospital's traditional ECG device and enhance medical staff's work efficiency, an ECG monitoring system based on internet of things is introduced. The system can monitor ECG signals in real time and analyze data using ECG sensor, PDA, Web servers, which embeds C language, Android systems, .NET, wireless network and other technologies. After experiments, it can be showed that the system has high reliability and stability and can bring the convenience to medical staffs.
Electrocardiography ; Internet ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; Reproducibility of Results ; Wireless Technology

OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical effect of tiotropium bromide combined with salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propionate in the treatment of medium and severe COPD. METHODS:119 patients with medium and severe COPD were divided into control group(54 cases)and observation group(65 cases)according to admission order. Control group was treated with Salmeterol xi-nafoate and fluticasone propionate powder for inhalation 50 μg,bid;observation group was additionally given Tiotropium bromide powder for inhalation 18μg,qn. Both groups received 1 month of treatment. Lung function indexes as FEV1,FVC and IC,blood gas indexes as SaO2,PaCO2 and PaO2 and inflammatory factors as IL-8 and TNF-α,COPD assessment test(CAT)score were observed in 2 groups,and the occurrence of ADR was also observed. RESULTS:Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in above indexes between 2 groups(P>0.05). After treatment,FEV1,EVC,IC of observation group were increased significantly,SaO2 and PaO2 of observation group were increased significantly,while PaCO2,IL-8 and TNF-αlevels was decreased significantly;those index-es of observation group were significantly better than those of control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). CAT score of 2 groups were decreased significantly compared to before treatment,and the observation group was significantly lower than control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). No obvious ADR was found in 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS:Tiotropium bromide com-bined with salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propionate shows good clinical efficacy and safety in the treatment of medium and se-vere COPD.

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (ICCA) are primary intrahepatic malignancies originating from biliary epithelia.While both hepatocellular cancer and ICCA can present as mass lesions within the liver,these cancers are distinct in their morphology,etiology,pathology,natural history and response to therapy.There is a need for accurate and sensitive molecular markers for the diagnosis of ICCA.Recent advances in elucidating molecular and genetic characteristics of ICCA offer the potential of molecular-based diagnosis of ICCA.Specific genetic mutations of IDH1/2,BAP1,p53,and KRAS,FGFR gene fusions and alterations in microRNA have all been described in ICCA.Although there are no accurate serum or biliary biomarkers currently available for diagnosis of ICCA,several potential candidates have been identified.Knowledge of specific genetic or molecular abnormalities offers potential for individualized approaches for the treatment of patients with ICCA in the future.

Acid-related disorders are commonly seen diseases of upper digestive tract which are closely related to acid attack.Antacids and acid inhibitors are the main drugs in the therapy of acid-related disorders.There are complex interrelationships between antacids and acid inhibitors and other drugs.This article reviewed the application and evaluation of antacids and acid inhibitors in acid-related disorders.

0.999 5), RSD were no more than 3.0%. The recovery rates were 98.0%-102.0%. There was no significant difference between the results of this method and EDTA-Na2 titration. Conclusion The method is rapid, accurate, simple, little disturbance and is acceptable in determination of total hardness in drinking water.

In peroneal nerve-anterior tibialis muscle preparations of uretbane anesthetized rabbits, sodium ammonium dimethyl-2 -( propano-1 , 3 - dithiosulfonate ) monohydrate ( SCD ) 7 .5mg/kg iv depressed the antogenous respiration completely and the indirectly elicited twitch tension completely finally. Sodium 2, 3 - dimercaptopropane- 1-sulfonate ( DMPS ) 7、 10mg/kg iv,respectively completely antagonized the respiratory depression and the neuromuscle block, DMPS (2.4、 3.4、 4.9mg/kg, iv ) could antagonize these toxic effects partly. DMPS (62.5mg/kg ,iv)could antagonize the toxic symptom induced by SCD(7.5 mg/kg, iv)in rabbits. At dose level higher than 12.5mg/kg of SCD, this toxin caused tremor and tonic convulsion. e Wfound DMPS (62.5 mg/kg, iv ) combined with diazepam ( 5mg/kg, iv ) has antidotal effects on acute poisoning caused by SCD in rabbits.

Statin therapy has been shown to play a fundamental role in the treatment of coronary heart disease.Some studies have identified associations between genetic variants and response or toxicity in statin treatment.This review summarizes current knowledge of the pharmacogenomics of statin therapy in order to help to select the best individually adapted statin treatment for patients.

The content of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lipid peroxide (LPO) of blood serum in 120 ulcerative colitis (UC) patient were tested by means of xanthine oxidation method and colorimeter on the reactive product of thio-barbituric acid.The content of SOD in the UC Patients was lower than that in the normal control group (P＜0.001),and the content of LPO in the UC patients was obviously higher than that the control group (P＜0.001).The content of SOD in the UC patients which accompanied the types of simple retention of damp-heat in the interior or weakness of the spleen and the stomach or the stagnancy of qi and blood stasis or deficiency of yin and stagnancy of qi and blood stasis was distinctly lower tban the one in the normal control groups (P＜0.001).The content of LPO in them is distinctly higher than the content of LPO in normal control group (P＜0.001).Conclusion: These results suggested that the content of SOD of protecting cell factor in the body of ulcerative colitis patients who were mostly the type of retention of damp-heat in the interior decreased and the content of LPO of damaging cell factor increased.When the patients accompanied with the deficiency,the content of the SOD in them reduced remarkably and the content of LPO enhanceed remarkably,especially in those who are the type of weekness of the spleen and the stomach or insufficiency of the spleen and the stagnancy of qi and blood stasis.