Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of butylphthalide in the treatment of patient with transient ischemic attack.Methods Ninety -one cases with transient ischemic attack were ran-domly divided into control group ( n=45 ) and treatment group ( n=46 ).Patients in the control group were administered of ozagrel sodium 80 mg+0.9%NaCl 150 mL, ivgtt, bid; patients in treatment group adminis-tered of butylphthalide 25 mg, ivgtt, bid, two weeks a cycle.After 2 cycles treatment , the clinical efficacy of the two groups , the levels of serum fibrinogen(FIB) and triglyceride (TG) before and after treatment, the carotid intima-media thickness ( cIMT) and the area of the carotid artery, the area of the soft plaque and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared.Results Total clinical efficacy were 86.96%( 40/46 ) and 66.67%(30/45) respectively with statistical difference (P<0.05).The serum levels of TG and FIB were significantly decreased after treat-ment in both the control and treatment group ( P<0.05 ).The serum le-vels of TG and FIB were significant lower than control group after treat-ment ( P<0.05 ).Carotid artery IMT and plaque area in two groups had no significant changes of the two groups ( P >0.05 ).No significant adverse reaction in two groups occurred , only two patients with medication ncrease in transaminase , after 1 month, the aminotransferase levels recovery to normal.Conclusion Significant clini-cal efficacy and safety was found for butylphthalide in the treatment of transient ischemic attack.

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with sperm collected by percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA) technique is nowadays the main treatment for obstructive azoospermia(OAS). To cryopreserve the epididymal sperm obstained by PESA can avoid repeat retrievals. We transferred the embryos fertilized by ICSI with frozen/thawed epididymal sperm and achieved a delivery, which shows that epididymal sperm obstained by PESA can be successfully cryopreserved.
Adult ; Cryopreservation ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Oligospermia ; therapy ; Pregnancy ; Semen Preservation ; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic

OBJECTIVETo explore the feasibility and safety of microdrop-vitrification for epididymal spermatozoa obtained by percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA) without cryoprotectants.

METHODSWe treated the epididymal sperm samples from 22 patients by conventional freezing (Group 1) and microdrop-vitrification without cryoprotectants (Group 2), and evaluated the effectiveness of the two methods by comparing their revival rate, retrieval rate and incidence of sperm nuclear DNA fractures.

RESULTSMotile sperm were found in all but 1 case in Group 1. The revival rates of the frozen sperm were low in both Groups 1 and 2 ([18.16 +/- 9.38]% vs [21.99 +/- 10.95]%, P > 0.05), but statistically significant differences were shown between the two groups in the retrieval rate ([58.39 +/- 12.67]% vs [70.82 +/- 14.94]%, P < 0.01). Before freezing, nuclear DNA fractures existed in the epididymal sperm samples of all the 22 patients, comet sperm were seen after unicellular gel electrophoresis, and the incidence of sperm nuclear DNA fracture was (26.68 +/- 9.45)%. After freezing, no increase was observed in the incidence of sperm nuclear DNA fracture in either Group 1 or 2 ([28.68 +/- 12.54]% vs [27.64 +/- 10.70]%, P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONMicrodrop can be used as a suitable freezing carrier for a low number of sperm, and cryoprotectant-free vitrification with microdrop may be a simple, safe and effective method for the cryopreservation of a low number of epididymal sperm.

Adult ; Azoospermia ; surgery ; Cryopreservation ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Spermatozoa ; Vitrification

OBJECTIVERetrospective study of the results of ICSI (intracytoplasmic sperm insemination) with frozen sperm obtained by PESA (percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration) was performed in 27 patients.

METHODSWith conventional freezing method, sperm from diagnosing PESA and the remaining motile sperm after treating cycle were frozen. After frozen-thawed and ICSI process, fertilization rate, implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate were compared and other outcomes including pregnant combinations and parameters of newborns of experimental group (which used frozen-thawed sperm) and control group (which used fresh PESA sperm) were analyzed respectively.

RESULTSOne hundred and sixty three and 1 157 oocytes of stage M II were injected respectively in the experimental group (15 cycles) and control group (100 cycles), and fertilization rate of experimental group was prominently higher than that of control group (84.05% vs 73.29%, P < 0.05), while implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate were of no difference from the control, respectively (23.07% vs 15.73%; 53.33% vs 37.00%, P > 0.05). The differences in newborn's weights between two groups were of no statistical significance (P > 0.05). In the experimental group, eight clinical pregnancies were achieved including 5 live deliveries and 3 ongoing pregnancies, 37 clinical pregnancies including 30 deliveries with only 1 fetal death, 3 ongoing pregnancies and 4 abortions in the control group. Neither vital pregnant combinations nor neonate malformations were found in both groups.

CONCLUSIONICSI using frozen-thawed sperm obtained by PESA is an economic effective and safe method to treat azoospermia. Recovering rates of frozen sperm form PESA should be further increased.

Azoospermia ; therapy ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Pregnancy Rate ; Retrospective Studies ; Semen Preservation ; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic ; methods

The increased levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in granulosa cells (GCs) may affect the pregnancy results in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In this study, we compared the in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) results of 22 patients with PCOS and 25 patients with tubal factor infertility and detected the ROS levels in the GCs of these two groups. Results showed that the PCOS group had significantly larger follicles on the administration day for human chorionic gonadotropin than the tubal factor group (P < 0.05); however, the number of retrieved oocytes was not significantly different between the two groups (P > 0.05). PCOS group had slightly lower fertilization, cleavage, grade I/II embryo, clinical pregnancy, and implantation rates and higher miscarriage rate than the tubal factor group (P > 0.05). We further found a significantly higher ROS level of GCs in the PCOS group than in the tubal factor group (P < 0.05). The increased ROS levels in GCs caused GC apoptosis, whereas NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) specific inhibitors (diphenyleneiodonium and apocynin) significantly reduced the ROS production in the PCOS group. In conclusion, the increased ROS expression levels in PCOS GCs greatly induced cell apoptosis, which further affected the oocyte quality and reduced the positive IVF-ET pregnancy results of women with PCOS. NADPH oxidase pathway may be involved in the mechanism of ROS production in GCs of women with PCOS.
Abortion, Spontaneous ; epidemiology ; Acetophenones ; therapeutic use ; Adult ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Embryo Transfer ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Granulosa Cells ; metabolism ; Humans ; NADPH Oxidases ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Onium Compounds ; therapeutic use ; Oocyte Retrieval ; Oxidative Stress ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ; drug therapy ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Rate ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism