Objective To investigate the roles of infection of Helicobacter priori (Hp) and effects of Hp eradication in the development of gastric carcinoids in Mongolian gerbils. Methods A total of 100 an-imals were divided into seven groups: A, B without Hp were sacrificed after 50 and 100 weeks as controls, Hp was inoculated into group C, D, E, F, G. Group F and G received eradication of Hp after 75 weeks and 50 weeks, respectively. Results In control group A and B, no hyperplasia/dysplasia and carcinoids were ob-served. In Hp-infected groups (C, D, E,), Anti-Hp antibodies and serum gastrin levels significantly in-creased at 50 week,75 weeks and 100 weeks, and the incidences of hyperplasia/dysplasia and carcinoids were 27.8% (5/18), 31.2% (5/16), 58.3% (14/24) and 16.7% (3/18), 31.2% (5/16), 62.5% (15/24), respectively, and significantly higher than each control group(P< 0.01). The areas of carcinoids increased accordingly over the time(P < 0.01). After eradication of Hp in group F at 75 weeks and in group G at 50 weeks, values for anti-Hp IgG titer, gastrin levels decreased gradually. The frequencies of hyperpla-sia/dysplasiaand and carcinoids were 25.0% (4/16), 15.4% (2/13) and 37.5% (6/16), 23.1% (3/13), respectively. The incidences of hyperplasia/dysplasia and carcinoids in earlier Hp-eredicated group G were significantly lower than non-eradicated group E (P < 0.001). The areas of carcinoids also marked re-duced compared with non-eradicated group E(P <0.001). There were significant correlations between anti-Hp antibodies and serum gastrin levels(P <0.005), and between serum gastrin levels and carcinoids(P <0.001). Conclusion These results suggested that Hp infection plays a critical role in development of gas-tric carcinoids and eradication of Hp might be effective in preventing development of Hp-related gastric carci-noids in Mongolian gerbils.

Objective To explore the effect of early rehabilitative nursing intervention for baby patients with serious viral encephalitis who had swallowing difficulty. Method We divided 44 baby patients into the rehabilitation group and the control group. Routine nursing measures were given to the control group and additional rehabilitative exercises were given to the rehabilitation group based on the routine measures. We evaluated the swallowing functions in both groups before nursing intervention and 20 days after it by water-swallow test and swallowing dysfunction scale. Result Symptoms were better as evaluated by water-swallow test in the rehabilitation group after rehabilitative nursing intervention compared with that before intervention (P<0.01) and that in the control group (P<0.01). Swallowing dysfunction in the rehabilitation group was better than that in the control group (P<0.01). Conclusions To give early swallowing rehabilitative exercises for baby patients with serious viral encephalitis who had swallowing difficulty could improve their swallowing function and decrease complications so as to improve their life quality.

The "Wu Chang" thought is a core idea in Chinese Confucian morality system,which plays a critical role in establishing and further developing traditional Chinese medical ethical principles,doctors′ professional obligations,behavioral regulations,professional requirements,and physician-patient relationship.Therefore,it is also of positive referencing and revealing significance for fully understanding the modern doctors′ professionalism and responsibilities raised by the "Doctors′ Declaration of Doctors′ Professionalism in the New Century".

Objective: To investigate the application of microemulsion TLC in separation and identification of various effective compositions in traditional Chinese patent medicines. Methods: The various compositions in Kangganmao Granules and Fangfeng Tongsheng Pills were separated and identified simultaneously on polyamide film with six kinds of SDS/n C 4H 9OH/n C 7H 16 /H 2O microemulsions as the mobile phases. Affections of kinds and acidity on separationg results of microemulsions were investigated. Results: The baicalin, chlorogenic acid, Saposhnikovia and glycyrrhiza in Kangganmao Gronules and the emodin, chrysophanol, baicalin, Saposhnikovia and Glycyrrhizae in Fangfeng Tongsheng Pills may be separated and identified simultaneously with microemulsion (containing 75% water) formic acid (9∶1) as mobile phase. Conclusion: Microemulsion TLC is an efficient, simple new method for the separation and identification of various compositions in traditional Chinese patent medicines.

Objective To observe the effect of subretinal injection of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells for RPE in mice.Methods A total of 30 postnatal day 7 C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into normal mice group,OIR model group and OIR model cell transplanted group,10 mice in each group.The OIR model was induced in mice of OIR model group and OIR model cell transplanted group.The RPE cells were subretinal injected into the RPE of mice in OIR model cell transplanted group.At 20 days after the injection,the RPE thickness was evaluated by fluorescence microscope.The expression of RPE65,Bestrophin and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) were estimated by Western blot and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR).Results The thickness of RPE in OIR model mice was thinner than that in normal mice;the thickness of RPE in OIR model cell transplantation mice was significantly thicker than that in the OIR model mice.The results of Western blot and RT-PCR indicated that the differences of protein (F=8.597,18.864,25.691) and mRNA expression (F=39.458,11.461,34.796) of RPE65,Bestrophin,ZO-1 were statistically significant between OIR model group and OIR model cell transplanted group (P＜0.05).Conclusions Subretinal injection of RPE cells can promote RPE thickening.RPE65 and Bestrophin protein relative expression levels increased,ZO-1 protein relative expression levels reduced;mRNA expression levels of RPE65,Bestrophin and ZO-1 genes increased.

Axillary reverse mapping (ARM) is anatomic theoretical foundation based on breast and upper limb lymph axillary lymph injected into different lymphatic populations, ARM can display upper limb lymphatic channels through different tracers during the periods of axillary lymph node dissection and sentinel lymph node dissection, to reduce the rate of postoperative upper extremity edem.Although ARM has a positive effect, it exists a controversy in safety and the relationship between its node and sentinel lymph node.

Objective:To establish a method for the determination of bergeni in Herba Ardisiae Japonicae. Methods: Herba Ardisiae Japonicae was ultrasonic extracted by methanol after crushed and sieved. An untreated fused-silica capillary (75 μm × 48. 5 cm, 40 cm effective length) was used, the running buffer was 25 mmol·L-1 borax in water, the voltage was 15 kV, the temperature was 25℃, the internal standard was cinnamic acid, the ultraviolet wavelength was set at 240nm, and the running time was 10 minute. Results:Bergeni, the internal standard and the impurities were separated by baseline under the above conditions. Bergeni was linear within the range of 3. 356-167. 800μg·ml-1 with the linear equation of Y =0. 034 9X+0. 060 6(r =0. 997 9), the limit of determination was 0. 839 μg·ml-1(S/N = 3), the limit of quantitation was 3. 356 μg·ml-1(S/N = 10), the average recovery was 99. 6%(RSD = 3. 1%, n = 6), and RSDs of intra and inter-day were lower than 5% (n = 3). Conclusion: The method has the advantages of convenience, fastness, accuracy, and low sample and reagent consumption, which can be used to determine bergeni in Herba Ardisiae Japonicae.

Malignant tumors still threatens the human's health seriously. Metastasis and recurrence lead to the failure of treatment, and multidrug resistance adds the difficulty of therapy of to malignant tumors. But the mechanism is yet unclear. Nowadays, it is found that there's a small group of cells with selfrenewal and indefinite potency in the tumors, and they are the sources of metastasis and recurrence. This small group of cells is called cancer stem cells. Subsequently, the cancer stem ceils were separated and determined from hematological system tumor and solid tumor respectively. The cognitions for metastasis and recurrence and muhidrug resistance of malignant tumor have changed with proposal and verification of the cancer stem cell theory, which provides a new clue to the treatment of tumor and prevention for the metastasis and recurrence.

Purpose:It has been shown that the heart is a chaotic oscillator. So it is appropriiate to use the Lyapunov exponent, an important parameter to identify the nature of non-linear dynamical systems, for identifying the state of human heart. Methods:Preliminary results are obtained in this paper using Wolf's algorithm for 8 normal and 107 abnormal ECG recordings. Results:Significant differences are found between the Lyapunov exponents of normal ECG and ECG with obvious coronary stenosis (OCS), but there is no significant difference between the Lyapunov exponents of normal ECG and ECG with mild coronary stenosis (MCS);Significant differences are also found between the Lyapunov exponents of R-R interval series of normal ECG、ECG with MCS and ECG with OCS. Conclusions:It is apparent that the R-R interval series can give us more messages about human heart, and the Lyapunov exponents of ECG and R-R interval series are the appropriate parameters for the identification of the physiological states of human heart. It is possible to use Lyapunov exponent for early diagnosis of Coronary Heart Disease.

Objective To study effects of bitter almond on interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) in old rats with slow-transit constipation (STC) and analyze mechanism of the gut purge of bitter almond.Methods Forty-five old SD rats were randomly divided into blank control group,model control group,bitter almond-treated group randomly (n=15,each).Compound phenanthroline was used to build the model of STC model.The bitter almond-treated group was given with bitter almond apozem,the other two groups were given with the same amount of saline.After 10 days,the carbon powder propulsion rates in the intestine were measured and specimens were taken.The ICC changes in terms of the number and distribution were observed by immunohistochemical method.The protein and mRNA expressions of c-kit in ICC were measured by Western blot and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results Compared with blank control group [(68.6 ± 6.0) ％,the carbon powder propulsion rates in the intestine in model control group[(47.7±± 1.7)％]were declined (P＜ 0.01).The areas of c-kit positive cell in colon were declined[(638.0 ± 23.5) μm2 vs.(723.7 ± 30.8)μm2]in model vs.blank control (P＜0.05).The mRNA expression of c-kit gene in ICC was declined [(0.3±0.1) vs.(1.0±0.1)] (P＜0.05),the expression of c-kit protein in ICC were declined[(0.2±0.2) vs.(0.5±0.2)] (P＜0.05).Compared with model control group[(47.7± 1.7)％],the carbon powder propulsion rates in the intestine in bitter almond group were increased[(63.4± 3.3)％ vs.] (P ＜0.01).The mRNA expression of c-kit gene in ICC were increased in bitter almond group (0.9 ±0.2) vs model control group[[(0.3±0.1)] (P＜ 0.01).The expression of c-kit protein in ICC were increased in bitter almond group[(0.5±0.3) vs.in model control 0.2±0.2)] (P＜0.01).Conclusions The bitter almond can promote the expression of c-kit mRNA and protein in colonic tissue of old STC rat interstitial and repair a fraction of ICC of STC rat interstitial,which promote intestinal peristalsis in slow-transit constipation rats.