Objective To compare the clinical effect and safety of children with acute upper respiratory tract infection treated with Yanhuning and ribavirin.Methods 182 cases with acute upper respiratory tract infection treated were selected and divided into observation group and control group randomly.All children were given general symptomatic and supportive treatment.Yanhuning was added in observe group,10mg · kg-1 · d-1,ivgtt,qd,and ribavirin was added in control group,10mg · kg-1 · d-1,ivgtt,qd.Changes and disappearance time of clinical symptoms were observed.Results 89 cases (97.80％) were treated effectively in observation group,while 73 cases (80.22％) in control group,the efficacy of Yanhuning was higher than that of ribavirin (P ＜ 0.05).The time of clinical symptoms disappeared and blood examination recovering were shorter in observation group than that in control group (all P ＜ 0.05).Scores of fever and cough in observation group were (2.90 ± 0.04) and (2.87 ± 0.06),while those in control group were (2.37 ± 0.11) and (2.26 ± 0.13).The scores in observation group were higher than those in control group (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Yanhuning applied in children with acute upper respiratory tract infection treatment is efficacy and safe,and it could adjust systemic immunity of children,which is worthy of clinical application.

The incidence of invasive fungal infections has increased dramatically in recent years.However,the traditional methods used in routine practice for the diagnosis of invasive fungal infections could not meet the requirements.The detection of specific fungal antigens by serological methods will have a widely applications in near future.Fungal DNA detecting by molecular biological technique is the most promising technique and it will make high speed selecting to clinic specimens possible.

Objective To evaluate the effect of de-escalation therapy of antimicrobial agents on the treatment of ventilator assoeiated pneumnonia(VAP).Methods 40 VAP patients were evaluated.17 cases were treated by de-escalation therapy of antimicrobial agents,the rest were treated by routine therapy.Results The achievement ratio of machine removing was superiorer to that of routine therapy(P1 week) received de-escalation therapy of antimicrobial agents whose average duration of ventilation was shorter than that treated by routine therapy(P

Cancer-testis antigen (CTA) is a kind of tumor-associated antigen, which expresses in various types of human tumor tissues but only express in a few of normal tissues. The CTA has numerous functions that not yet are fully understood. The CTA possesses immunogenicity that may induce cellular and humoral responses in vivo, which can provide a new approach for cancer immunotherapy.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of bifidobacterium lactobacillus triple living bacterium tablet in the prevention and treatment of pediatric antibiotic associated diarrhea(AAD).Methods 300 children with respiratory tract infection were selected,firstly they were divided into group A(1 month-lyear old) 140 cases and group B(1-3years old) 160 cases according to the age;secondly,they were randomly divided into observation group (group A:70 cases and group B:80 cases) and control group 150 cases (group A:70 cases and group B:80 cases)within the A,B groups.Control group was given antibiotics to treat respiratory tract infection,and received conventional treatment after diarrhea appeared.Observation group was given bifidobacterium lactobacillus triple living bacterium tablet combined with antibiotics,continued to receive this drug on the basis of conventional treatment after diarrhea appeared.The incidence rate of diarrhea,total effective rate,duration of diarrhea were observed.Results The incidence rate of diarrhea of observation group was obviously lower than the control group,diarrhea treatment overall effective rate obviously higher than control group,the duration of diarrhea significantly shorter than the control group,with significant difference(P ＜ 0.05) ;The incidence rate of diarrhea of observation group in group B was obviously lower than the observation group in group A,with significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The clinical effect of bifidobacterium lactobacillus triple living bacterium tablet in the prevention and treatment of pediatric AAD is significant,especially for 1-3 years old children,it is worth clinical promotion.

Objective: Relationships between hemispheric dominance cognitive styles and Big Five personality traits were investigated.Methods: 86 students participated in this study.By responses to Human Information Processing Survey,32 students were identified as the left hemispheric dominance style group,28 students the right hemispheric dominance style group,and 26 students the integrated dominance style group.All groups were administrated to responses to the NEO-PI-R scales.Results: The left hemispheric group had higher neuroticism and conscientiousness than the right hemispheric dominance group and integrated groups.The right hemispheric group showed more openness and extraversion than the left hemispheric group.The integrated hemispheric group showed more extraversion than the left hemispheric group,and more conscientiousness than the right group.Conclusion: Hemispheric dominance cognitive styles are related to neuroticism,extraversion,openness and conscientiousness.

OBJECTIVE: To provide reference for the implementation of essential drug system. METHODS: Relevance system allocation theory of institutional economics was applied to analyze essential drug system in China. RESULTS & CONCLUSION: Only coupling among internal systems of essential drug system form, can the gap of system be eliminated to realize the target of essential drug system.

There are many kinds of methods to improve the epidemiology teaching quality for students of non-major preventive medicine,such as giving them a good start,citing the examples,useing heuristic and the discussion method in teaching.To enhance the teaching effect,we shuld put the enlightening of the students' thought and the strengthening their ability on the first place and carry it through the entire teaching process.

Objective To investigate the picture identification abilities of hearing-impaired children. Methods 60 hearing-impaired children were assessed with Picture Identification Ability in Hiskey-Nebraska test of learning aptitude. Results The older the children were, the higher their picture identification abilities were (P=0.001). The children in Inclusion Classes are more capable than those in Hearing-aid Classes and Cochlear-implantation Classes (P=0.044). There was no significant difference between both genders and hearing device types (hearing-aid or cochlear-implantation). Conclusion Hearing-impaired children remain picture identification abilities, which may be the handle to improve the their language development.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of multiple primary carcinoma (MPC) in elderly patients and the effects of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy on the prognosis and advanced cancer genesis. Methods The study population consisted of 220 elderly patients with malignant tumor. Thirty-seven elderly patients with MPC were selected in the study. The characteristics including onset age, carcinoma sites, effects of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, interval and survival time between first and advanced cancer were analyzed. Results of the 220 subjects,37(16.8%) patients were MPC, among whom 2 patients were synchronous multiple primary carcinomas (SMPC) and 35 patients were metachronous multiple primary carcinomas(MMPC). The median ages at onset were 70,77 and 77.5 years old for the first,second and third tumor respectively. Among a total of 82 tumor focus, the most predilection site of MPC was gastrointestinal tract, with a 34.2%(28 cases) in colorectum and a 13.4%(11 cases) in stomach. The postoperative patients were divided into two groups: 23 accepted adjuvant chemotherapy (chemotherapy group) and 14 accepted no adjuvant chemotherapy (no chemotherapy group). The survival time of chemotherapy group was significantly longer than no chemotherapy group (x2= 4.63, P = 0.0427 ). The median intervals between the first and the second cancer were 6 years and 4 years in chemotherapy group and no chemotherapy group, respectively(x2=1.63, P = 0.207), while the median intervals between the second and the third cancer were 7 years and 2 years, respectively(x2 = 4.255,P=0.043). The mediansurvival time of the third cancer postoperative patients were 3.5 years and 7 months in chemotherapy group and no chemotherapy group, respectively (x2 = 4.62, P = 0.0316 ) . ConclusionsPostoperative adjuvant chemotherapy may prolong the survival time and delay the advanced cancer genesis in elderly patients with MPC.