Objective To study the cautious behaviors of mice under dangerous conditions caused by height. Methods An elevated beard task was designed,in which the mice were employed to get through a horizontally elevated beard. The time of getting through and number of looking-aside behaviors were recorded under different experimental conditions with different elevated height and visual cues. Results The mean time of getting through the elevated board with a height of 60cm was significantly longer than that of 15cm [(22.55±14.64)s Vs (12.16±8.67)s, P<0.05]. The number of looking-aside behaviors decreased from (2.95±1.73) to (1.95± 1.27) , P <0.05 ,when the visual cues on potential danger were controlled. Conclusion The cautious behaviors increase with the height of elevated board and decrease when controlling for the visual cues on potential danger, which indicate a trade-off relationship between the perceived danger and cautious behaviors.

Objective: To explore the feature of theory of mind(ToM) in schizophrenic patients and the influencing factors. Methods: Subjects were 108 patients with schizophrenia, 21 with affective disorders and 21 normal subjects. Picture-story tasks, PANSS and WAIS-R were used to assess the patients' ToM, symptoms and intelligence. Results:It was found that the scores on first-order theory of mind tasks of schizophrenic patients with IQ below 70 were lower than normal subjects'(D = -56.58,P

Objective: Exploring the developmental vitial moments and process of career identity.Methods: A case subject was administered structured interview and tested by Career Identity and the Related Factors Questionnaire,Chinese Self-Efficacy Scale,QZPS and MBTI-G.Results: There were several vital moments in the process of career identity,such as the first time to think about career identity,and select a major,the first time to choose career and get employed,meet the organizational changes,find a new job again and get promotion.The present crisis of career identity reflected some unresolved problems of previous developmental periods.Conclusion: The individual's objective behavior toward career choice,decision-making,continuous exploration and efforts were of great benefit to career identity.

Objective To explore the influence of arsenous acid on hepatic and colonic cancer cell lines BEL-7402 and HT-29 .The effect of bortezomib combined with chemotherapeutic medicine and the optimal combination plan of them were also investigated .Methods We detected cell proliferation by MTT to get the inhi-bition rate of two cell lines and further to determine IC 50 ( inhibitory concentration50%) of 5-Fu,oxaliplatin or arsenous acid;preincubated cancer cells for 2 h、4 h or 8 h by bortezomib .Chemotheraputic medicine were com-bined respectively .The cell proliferation and apoptosis were analysed by MTT ,TUNEL and Annexin V -PI.Re-sult s The 24 h inhibition rate of arsenous acid to BEL -7402 and HT-29 was:0.59 ±0.09、0.71 ±0.12 re-spectively;the IC50 of 5 -Fu,Oxaliplatin or arsenous acid to BEL -7402 was:5.33 ±0.07 mg/L,28.73 ± 0.72 mg/L,25.93 ±4.05 mg/L, while to HT -29 was:7.33 ±1.13 mg/L、53.94 ±1.23 mg/L,21.93 ± 2.05 mg/L.Both inhibition rate and apoptosis rate were enhanced when chemotheraputic medicine was combined with bortezomib .Co nclusion Arsenous acid can inhibit the growth of cancer cells obviously;the susceptibility of each chemotherapy medicine can be strengthened significantly when it is combined with bortezomib ,P<0.05.

Objective To investigate airway inflammation,number of eosinophils in blood and BALF,the expression of inhibitor protein ?(I ?B ?) and nuclear factor-?B(NF-?B) activity in lung of rat with spleen deficiency asthma,and the effect of herbs of reinforcing spleen to replenishing Qi.Method Thirty rats were randomly divided into three groups:control group(group A),spleen deficiency asthma group(group B),decoction group(group C).The pathological changes of lung was detected by HE staining,and the expression of I ?B ? and activity of nuclear factor ?B p65(NF-?B p65) was assessed in lung by immunohistochemistry.Results Compared with group A,the expression of I ?B ? significantly reduced(P

Objective To study the effect of Dragon’s blood on the expression of GSK-3? and the volume of hepatic glycogen and muscle glycogen in the liver and muscle of mice with DM. Method Selecting 120 mice of Kunming strain,and randomly dividing them into six groups:normal group,DM group,Dragon’s blood groups with three dosage 125,250,500 mg/(kg?d) and C4H11N5?HCl group. Dragon’s blood groups were given Dragon’s blood by introgastric (ig) everyday for 7 d. C4H11N5?HCl group were given C4H11N5?HCl 1 mg/(kg?d) by introgastric (ig) everyday for 7 d. The indices were observed and recorded. Result After given Dragon’s blood,the expression of GSK-3? was decreased (P

Nealy 80% cerebral palsy infant are accompanied with speech obstacle at different degree, which always lead to intelligent and communication difficulties, much attention should be paid on special training. This arcle will introduce the four main aspects types of speech obstacle, the reason of speech obstable, the examination and evaluation of speech obstacle, and treatment of speech obstacle.

Objective Through observation of the expression and activity of extracellular regulated protein kinase 5 (ERK5) and its relationship with the learning and memory ability in rats with chronic fluorosis,to further study the pathogenesis of chronic fluorosis in nervous system.Methods Thirty SD rats were divided into 3 groups according to body weight by means of a random number table (10 rats in each group,half male and half female).The rats in control group were fed with free drinking tap water containing less than 0.5 mg/L fluoride (NaF);the rats in low fluoride group with 10.0 mg/L fluoride;the rat in high dose fluoride group with 50.0 mg/L fluoride.After 6months of experiment,rat brain tissue was took,mRNA expression level of ERK5 was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (real-time PCR),protein expression level and activity of ERK5 were detected by Western blotting;the learning and memory ability of rats with chronic fluorosis were detected by Morris water maze test.Results The rat in groups exposed to fluoride exhibited different degrees of dental fluorosis and the fluoride content in urine of rats increased gradually with increase of fluoride doses (F =164.10,P ＜ 0.05).The protein levels of phosphor-ERK5 in the control group,low fluoride group and high fluoride group were 0.13 ± 0.03,0.29 ± 0.10and 0.43 ±0.17,respectively,the difference was statistically significant (F=11.96,P＜ 0.05),and low fluoride group and high fluoride group were higher than control group (all P ＜ 0.05).The total protein levels of ERK5 in control group,low fluoride group and high fluoride group were 0.32 ± 0.11,0.37 ± 0.13 and 0.49 ± 0.16,respectively,the difference was statistically significant (F =3.45,P ＜ 0.05),and high fluoride group was higher than control group (P ＜ 0.05).The expression of ERK5 mRNA in rat brains between groups was not significantly different (F =0.81,P ＞ 0.05).The second,third,and forth days of directional navigation experiment,the time of escape latency and the number of crossing the platform between groups were statistically significant (H =28.20,29.90,26.47,27.23,35.34,27.62,all P ＜ 0.01);the fifth day of space exploration experiment,the difference of the time of the first crossing platform and the number of crossing the platform between groups were statistically significant (H =31.41,30.80,all P ＜ 0.01);the protein level of phosphor-ERK5 in brain tissue of rats was negatively correlated with the number of the first crossing platform (r =-0.470,P ＜ 0.01),while positively related to escape latencies at the fifth day of the test (r =0.591,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The changes of ERK5 signaling pathway in rat brain tissue caused by chronic fluorosis are found,which are related to the decrease of leaming and memory ability of animals with chronic fluorosis.

Cardiovascular disease, with high morbidity and mortality, has been threatening the health of human beings. Therefore, expecting to find a more effective therapeutic method, a plenty of researchers devote themselves to the study of the cardiovascular disease all the time. Since discovered on the heart, M3 receptor of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAchR, M receptor) became a new starting point of the research of the cardiovascular disease. With more and more investigation, many people found that M3 receptor could protect the heart from kinds of cardiovascular disease, which may make it a new hopeful therapeutic point. So, expecting to give support to the reference and encouragement for the study of disease related to M3 receptor in future, this review expounds M3 receptor on the heart from the main following aspects: the effect on the heart, the influence on the cardiovascular disease and the mechanism of M3 receptor involved.