Specific fusion genes of leukemia are currently the main biomakers for minimal residual disease (MRD)monitoring. Recent studys have found that the WT1, PRAME, ERG genes may be the potential acute leukemia related molecules, and can be used to monitor acute myeloid leukemia's MRD, directing clinical stratified therapy and estimating prognosis. This article reviews the pathogenesis, incidence of these genes and the relationship to the clinical prognosis.

Objective To discuss the influence of systematic nursing on cancer related fatigue and life quality of patients with breast cancer during perioperative period.Methods 197 patients in our hospital with breast cancer were randomly divided into the experimental group (99 cases)and the control group (98 cases)from November 2010 to December 2011.The experimental group was given systematic nursing method and the control group received traditional nursing.After treatment,the influence of nursing intervention on cancer related fatigue and QOL were compared between two groups.Results The score of QOL was(92.1±1.6)after nursing in the experimental group,higher than before systematic nursing and the control group.The severity of cancer related fatigue in the experimental group was apparently lower than before nursing intervention and that in the control group.There was significant difference.Conclusions The systematic nursing can reduce the level of perioperative cancer related fatigue and improve the life quality for the patients with breast cancer,so it can be widely used in clinic.

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP),which is the most common acquired hemorrhagic disease in childhood period,is also called immune thrombocytopenia because it is an immune-mediated disorder characterized by isolated thrombocytopehia.In recent years,the diagnosis and treatment of ITP has been dramatically improved,and some consensuses concerning the staging,symptom scoring,treatment indications and prognosis have been achieved.This article reviews the pathogenesis,epidemiology,symptom scoring,staging,grading of severity,treatment and prognosis evaluation of ITP in children.

Thioredoxin(TRx) is a kind of endogenous protein which widely distributes in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.It possesses two vicinal cysteine residues at the active site and therefore can provide strong reducing activity and catalyze the reduction of protein-protein disulfides effectively.In addition,TRx plays a vital role in regulating intracellular redox homeostasis.Recent studies showed that TRx is muhifunctional and has a protective effect on the occurrence and development of a variety of human diseases including ocular diseases,such as age-related cataract,choroidal neovascularization,retinal diseases and optic nerve diseases,etc..Many researchers assessed the protective effect of TRx on ocular diseases in recent years.The progress in the relationship of TRx with eye diseases was reviewed in this article.

Objective:To study the clinical characteristics of retinoblastoma in children.Methods:To analyze the age,sexuality,symptom,the accompaniment of symptom and the diagnostic feature of 53 retinoblastoma cases.Results:The average diagnostic age was two years and three months.There was no obvious sex difference.The principal first symptom of 24 cases was leukocoria,11 cases was strabismus,8 cases was big cornea or muddy cornea,6 cases was exophthalmos,1 case was nystagmus,2 cases was anterior chamber bleeding,and 1 case with health examination.It was significantly higher in single eye(85%) than in both eyes(15%).Conclusion:More and more people recognize the importance of eye health care,and the average diagnostic age becomes younger.The principal first symptom remains "galeamaurosis".The clinical characteristics of retinoblastoma in children are diversified?concealed?puzzling and easy to make missed diagnosis.

Based on the main body's definition of philosophy,the article points out that patients are the main body of clinic activities.It also analyzes patients'main status in the performance of clinic activities and in the medical countermeasure.The concluson is that a harmonious relationship between doctors and patients should be composed from bi-main bodies characteristic of the clinic activities.

Objective To summarize and analyse the clinical data of death cases in the department of emergency internal medicine. Methods The clinical data of patients presenting at the department of emergency internal medicine from January 2005 to July 2010 were analyzed retrospectively. Results Among 13 211 patients of department of emergency internal medicine, 145 died. More cases died in winter( 32.0% , 39/122 ).More than half of deaths occurred within 6 hours after admission( 54.5% ,79/145 ). The top six death causes were sudden death, pulmonary infection, cerebrovascular accident, advanced cancer, gastrointestinal bleeding,cardiovascular diseases and the occurrence rates were 18. 6%, 13.8%, 13.8%, 10.3%, 9. 7% and 9.0%respectively. Conclusion The first three death causes in department of emergency internal medicine were sudden death, cerebrovascular accident, pulmonary infection. Prevention of these diseases, cooperation between emergency department and other departments and special training on standardized treatment of critically ill patients should be enhanced.

Invasion and metastasis are critical determinants on cancer morbidity.Genes and molecules participating in these steps have been demonstrated as potential prognostic factors.Growth factors and their receptors,cell-cycle regulators,cell-adhesion molecules and m trix-degrading enzymes are potentially used as prognostic factors.However,increased understandings for molecular mechanisms underlying carcinogenesis and its implementation in the treatment of gastric cancers have recently been focused on the development and incorporation of targeted agents with chemotherapy.

SUMMARY The male patient reported here presented as gangrene and central diabetes insipidus ( CDI) , who had characteristics of vasculitis. The patient complained about polydipsia and polyuria half a year ago, and then developed tingling, pain and blackish discoloration of some fingers and toes 3 month ago. He also had Raynaud' s phenomenon. After admission, his laboratory examination showed the rise of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, immunoglobulin,β2-glycoproteinⅠand the activi-ty of rheumatoid factors, lupus anticoagulant test. his pituitary gland showed loss of posterior signal on magnetic resonance imaging. In addition, his vasopressin test was active. However, there was no suffi-cient evidence to diagnose any specific disease;as a consequence the patient was diagnosed as idiopathic systemic necrotizing vasculitis ( SNV) . For SNV, the patient was treated with glucocorticoid 40 mg/d and impact therapy of cyclophosphamide 0. 4 g every 2 weeks. He also received symptomatic treatment for gangrene and CDI. Cutaneous involvement leading to gangrene was widely reported in SNV, however pi-tuitary involvement in SNV leading to CDI was rare. The prognosis of this patient was poor.

The expansion of high-containment bio-defense laboratory in USA is introduced in such aspects as the increase of laboratory magnitude,amplification of laboratory area and the funding growth of the United States National Institutes of Health(NIH).In addition,a series of problems caused by the expansion are analyzed in the perspective of the biosafety training,information exchange of laboratory and public participation.