Objective: To analyse the construction and use of primary and secondary school clinics in China, and to provide the reference for the construction and management of infrastructure of the clinics of primary and secondary schools. Methods: By using stratified cluster random sampling method, 873 primary and secondary schools were selected in east, middle and west of China as research objects to describe the construction and management of the clinics of primary and secondary schools. Regional differences were analyzed by statistical method. Results: Among the 873 schools investigated, 294 (33.7%) schools had clinics, 177 (20.3%) schools had healthcare rooms, and 402 (46.0%) schools had no clinics or healthcare rooms. Among the 294 clinics, only 56 (19.0%) schools had medical institution licenses; 73 (24.8%) schools had a construction area of ≥40 square meters; 135 (45.9%) schools had legal clinics, and 38 (12.9%) schools was a disinfection supply room, 2 (<0.01%) schools had a laboratory, 165 (56.1%) schools was not independent between the departments; the overall standard school clinics construction rate was less than 5%. There were differences in the construction of clinics and healthcare rooms in the east, middle and west parts of China (χ2=237.33, P<0.01). Equipment allocation of the country's primary and secondary schools’ clinics were uneven among regions. The normal allocation rates of thermometer, visual acuity chart and lever weight scale were 96.6%, 83.0% and 75.9%, respectively, and the allocation rate of ultraviolet lamp was 66.7%. Less than 50% syringes and high-pressure sterilizers could be used normally. The reasons for the failure to provide health services in clinics was the absence of equipment and space, which account for 43%. Conclusion The construction of school clinics and healthcare rooms in China is insufficient, and regional differences are obvious, especially in the west. It is necessary to strengthen regional construction, allocate and use the equipment reasonably.