Objective To study the application of super-selective external carotid artery embolization in head and neck diseases. Methods DSA and super-selective external carotid artery embolization were carried out in 41 cases of head and neck diseases including 12 cases of epistaxis,7 nasopharyngeal fibroangioma,1 traumatic arterial bleeding,14 vascular malformation,and 7 malignancies. Results No recurrence of nose bleeding after embolization of epistaxis was seen within 6 - 12-month follow up. The operative bleeding was reduced significantly by preoperative embolization in nasopharyngeal fibroangioma. No recurrence of bleeding was achieved after embolization of traumatic artery. Among the cases of vascular malformation,3 were proven to be significantly effcient,6 effcient,and 5 inefficent in the 6 - 12-month follow up. Among the 7 malignant cases,3 survived more than 2 years. Conclusion Super-selective external carotid artery embolization is safe and effective in the treatment of head and neck diseases. (J Intervent Radiol,2006,15: 330-332)

Objective The homological analysis of a foodborne disease outbreak event that occurred on July 15, 2022, in Sanya was carried out to provide scientific basis for clinical treatment, incident tracing and prevention and control, and to explore the feasibility of pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) in the homology analysis of Salmonella bacteria. Methods The traceability analysis of food poisoning incidents was accurately analyzed through the combination of traditional bacterial detection methods, PFGE, MALDI-TOF MS and the clinical symptom, epidemiological characteristics. Results In this outbreak, 14 cases of poisoning symptoms such as fever, nausea, and vomiting appeared, all of which had a history of dining in the same restaurant, with similar onset and clinical manifestations. Among them, one was the chef who made the fried rice in the restaurant. The pathogen culture and identification showed that it was caused by Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella choleraesuis. Among the 14 cases of patients, 5 cases of Salmonella choleraesuis, 3 cases of Salmonella typhimurium, with the positive rate of 57.14% (8/14). One case of environment and two cases of food were detected. The result of PFGE showed nine PFGE types, 95.00% homology for 7 strains, and 94.00% homology for 4 strains. Conclusions The food poisoning was caused by eating egg fried rice containing Salmonella choleraesuis and pork intestine containing Salmonella typhimurium. In the future, , it is necessary to strengthen the risk monitoring of food contamination and harmful factors, to ensure food safety from the source of food supply, and to prevent the occurrence of foodborne infection events. At the same time, it is also crucial to standardize the health check of related personnel, and to conduct multi-channel education on the harm and prevention of foodborne diseases.

Abstract: Objective To analyze the accuracy and feasibility of GeneXpert MTB/RIF (GeneXpert) detection in the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the characteristics of rifampicin-resistant rpoB gene mutations. Methods A total of 4 234 sputum samples from suspected tuberculosis patients diagnosed in Sanya tuberculosis designated hospitals from 2015 to 2021 were selected and subjected to sputum smear, solid culture, drug sensitivity test by solid proportion method and GeneXpert detection. Results The positive detection rates of sputum smear, solid culture and GeneXpert of 4 234 sputum samples were 29.24% (1 238/4 234), 32.17% (1 362/4 234) and 35.40% (1 499/4 234), respectively. The positive detection rate of GeneXpert was higher than that of sputum smear, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=36.775, P<0.01). It was slightly higher than solid culture, and the difference was not statistically significant (χ2=9.908, P=0.02). Taking solid culture results as the gold standard, the sensitivity and specificity of GeneXpert for detecting MTB were 91.04% (1 240/1 362) and 90.98% (2 613/2 872), respectively. According to the proportional drug susceptibility test results as the gold standard, the sensitivity and specificity of GeneXpert in detecting rifampicin resistance were 96.96% (96/99) and 98.86% (1 128/1 141), respectively, with the consensus rate of 98.71%. The accuracy of rifampicin resistance in GeneXpert group without probe mutation was significantly lower than that in group with probe mutation. There was a statistical difference in probe mutation frequency between newly treated and retreated cases. The analysis of rpoB gene mutation frequency characteristics showed: Probe E (50.00%) > Probe A (22.12%) > Probe D (14.42%) > Probe B (6.73%) > combined probe (5.77%) > Probe C (0.96%). Conclusions GeneXpert detection can quickly and effectively diagnose rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis, which is helpful for early clinical diagnosis and treatment. In this region, the rpoB gene mutation probes of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis mainly occurr in Probe E and Probe A, with the least mutations in Probe C.