Objective Data from the HIV/AIDS surveillance sentinel sites was used to identify the recent HIV-1 infections and to estimate the HIV-1 incidence and epidemic trends among intravenous drug users (IDU),MSM,female sex workers and men attending the sexually transmitted disease clinics in Sichuan province.Methods Specimens collected from IDUs,MSM,female sex workers and men attending the sexually transmitted disease clinics sentinel sites were confirmed as HIV-I positive and tested with BED-CEIA.Annual HIV-1 prevalence and incidence rates were calculated and the incidence was adjusted by McNermar method.Results A total number of 194 223 serum specimens were collected and HIV antibody tested,with 5 297 HIV-1 positive.4 640 of the positives underwent BED-CEIA,with 749 identified as recent infections.During 2011-2015,HIV-1 incidence rates of the four types of population appeared as 5.16％ (95％CI:4.65-5.66),0.22％ (95％CI:0.16-0.28),0.57％(95％CI:0.45-0.69),7.53％ (95％CI:6.06-9.01) and 0.44％ (95％CI:0.36-0.53) respectively.Significant differences were seen in the HIV-1 incidence rates.Conclusions The HIV-1 incidence rates of IDUs from other sentinel sites in Sichuan province,female sex workers and men attending the sexually transmitted disease clinics appeared low,showing that the AIDS prevention and control activities worked effectively.However,the HIV-1 incidence of MSM was still at high level and even rising,suggesting that HIV-1 transmission between MSM and IDUs was possible.

Background and objective Molecular targeted therapy has gradually become an important treatment for lung cancer, the aim of this research is to analyze the clinicopathologic features associated with the gene mutation status of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4-anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EML4-ALK), ROS proto-oncogene 1, receptor tyrosine kinase (ROS1) and Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene (KARS) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and determine the most likely populations to beneift from molecular target ther-apy treatment. Methods hTe mutation status of EGFR, EML4-ALK fusion gene, ROS1 and AKRS gene were determined by Real-time PCR, the relationship between clinical pathologic features and concomitant gene were analyzed withχ2 test by SPSS sotfware 19.0. Results A total of 514 specimens from Shandong tumor hospital were collected from NSCLC patients between January 2014 and May 2016. The total mutation rate of EGFR gene was 36.70%, major occurred in exon 19 (36.61%) and exon 21 (51.36%), respectively, and EGFR mutations usually occurred in female, non-smoking and adenocarcinoma patients (P<0.05). hTe total rearrangements rate of EML4-ALK fusion gene was 9.37%, EML4-ALK fusion gene usually occurred in younger age (≤60 yr) and non-smoking patients (P<0.05). Mutations were not related to gender and pathological type (P>0.05). ROS1 fusion gene was detected in 136 cases, the positive rate was 3.67%, all patients were 60 years old, and the difference was statistically signiifcant (P<0.05). Only 23 samples were tested AKRS gene mutations, two of them were positive and the posi-tive rate was 8.70%. hTey all occurred in non-smoker and adenocarcinoma patients. No mutation was detected to coexist in EGFR, EML4-ALK and AKRS gene mutation. Conclusion EGFR, EML4-ALK, ROS1 and KARS deifnes different molecular subset of NSCLC with distinct characteristic, which provides a new option for the clinical treatment of patients with NSCLC.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the drug resistance of HIV patients to the HIV-1 CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC strains in Sichuan province during 2010 to 2013.

METHODS1.5 ml of plasma were collected from AIDS patients who had been receiving anti-retroviral treatment for over 6 months but still had a HIV-1 virus load of over 1 000 copies/ml from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2013 in Sichuan province. Genetic analysis of the HIV-1 pol gene was performed using self-established method, and patients with a positive drug-resistant HIV-1 pol gene mutation were included. HIV-1 poly gene was successfully sequenced for a total of 1 213 patients. Drug resistance of different HIV-1 strains was compared with χ2 test or Fisher exact test.

RESULTS558 cases (46.0%) of the 1 213 successfully sequenced patients were infected by HIV-1-strains with drug-resistant mutations, including 327 cases (58.6%) infected by CRF01_AE strain, 126 (22.6%) by CRF07_BC strain, 46 (8.2%) by CRF08_BC strain, 33 (5.9%) by B strain, 4 (0.7%) by C strain, 1 (0.2%) by CRF02_AG strain, and 21 (3.8%) by unidentified strains. Drug-resistant mutation analysis revealed that L33, F116, L74, Q151, and T69 resistance mutations occurred only in the CRF01_AE strain, while A71, K43, and Q58 resistance mutations occurred only in the CRF07_BC strain; in nuclear nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and non nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), CRF01_AE subtype strains showed highly resistant rate were higher than CRF07_BC, CRF08_BC and B subtype strains, with the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe drug-resistant HIV-1 strains in Sichuan mainly included the CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC strains, which had different resistance mutations.

Base Sequence ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; Genes, pol ; HIV Infections ; HIV-1 ; Humans ; Mutation ; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors ; Viral Load

The assay was used in HIV/AIDS surveillance sentinel sites to identify recent HIV?1 infection, to estimate HIV?1 incidence and understand the epidemic trends among men who have sex with men during 2011-2015.During 2011-2015, the HIV?1 incidence of men who have sex with men was 5.16%(95%CI: 4.65%-5.66%) in Sichuan Province. According to, a total of 9 cities had been divided into two type of regions: the first type(the proportion of live HIV/AIDS accounts for more than 0.1% of the permanent population, and the number of live HIV/AIDS has reached 500 cases and above) and the second type(the proportion of live HIV/AIDS accounts for 0.03% to 0.100% of the permanent population, and the number of live HIV/AIDS has reached 100-500 cases). During 2011-2015, the HIV?1 incidence of the second type was 4.24% (95%CI:3.72%-4.76%). The HIV?1 incidence of men who have sex with men was at a high level. The spread of HIV?1 to the second region was possible.

The assay was used in HIV/AIDS surveillance sentinel sites to identify recent HIV?1 infection, to estimate HIV?1 incidence and understand the epidemic trends among men who have sex with men during 2011-2015.During 2011-2015, the HIV?1 incidence of men who have sex with men was 5.16%(95%CI: 4.65%-5.66%) in Sichuan Province. According to, a total of 9 cities had been divided into two type of regions: the first type(the proportion of live HIV/AIDS accounts for more than 0.1% of the permanent population, and the number of live HIV/AIDS has reached 500 cases and above) and the second type(the proportion of live HIV/AIDS accounts for 0.03% to 0.100% of the permanent population, and the number of live HIV/AIDS has reached 100-500 cases). During 2011-2015, the HIV?1 incidence of the second type was 4.24% (95%CI:3.72%-4.76%). The HIV?1 incidence of men who have sex with men was at a high level. The spread of HIV?1 to the second region was possible.

The assay was used in HIV/AIDS surveillance sentinel sites to identify recent HIV-1 infection, to estimate HIV-1 incidence and understand the epidemic trends among men who have sex with men during 2011-2015. During 2011-2015, the HIV-1 incidence of men who have sex with men was 5.16%(95%CI: 4.65%-5.66%) in Sichuan Province. According to, a total of 9 cities had been divided into two type of regions: the first type(the proportion of live HIV/AIDS accounts for more than 0.1% of the permanent population, and the number of live HIV/AIDS has reached 500 cases and above) and the second type(the proportion of live HIV/AIDS accounts for 0.03% to 0.100% of the permanent population, and the number of live HIV/AIDS has reached 100-500 cases). During 2011-2015, the HIV-1 incidence of the second type was 4.24% (95%CI: 3.72%-4.76%). The HIV-1 incidence of men who have sex with men was at a high level. The spread of HIV-1 to the second region was possible.