Objective: To understand the characteristics of injury deaths of children and adolescents aged 0 to 19 years in Kunming during 2010-2019,and to provide injury prevention and control basis. Methods: Injury mortality data in 2010-2019 were from Kunming population based mortality surveillance system. The characteristics of injury death of children and adolescents were analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis, including mortality rate, composition ratio, the annual percent change,etc. Results: Child and adolescent injury mortality was 23.18/10 5,decreasing by year(t=7.13,P<0.05). Male mortality(31.59/10 5) was higher than female(14.27/10 5)(χ2=376.24,P<0.05),the APC of male was -8.82% and -7.48% in female.The injury mortality of male was higher than that of female at all age group. The injury mortality rate of rural children and adolescents(28.65/10 5) was higher than that of urban children(12.37/10 5)(χ2=297.30,P<0.05),the APC was -8.53% in urban areas and -7.78% in rural areas.The top five causes of injury death of children and adolescents were traffic accident drowning, accidental fall, suicide and accidental mechanical suffocation, accounting for 80.88% of the total injury deaths of children and adolescents.In urban and rural areas,injury death by traffic accident, drowning and rural unintentional falls decreased significantly(t urban=3.17,3.20,t rural=5.66,3.12,4.42,P<0.05). The leading cause of death varied by different age groups. Conclusion The injury mortality rate of children and adolescents in Kunming city is on the decline. Rural children and adolescents, as vulnerable population to injury death, should receive protective strategies according to their specific characteristics of injuries and deaths in different age groups.