OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the implementation of national essential drugs system. METHODS:Based on the experience on the implementation of national essential drugs system in the past year,relevant policies about essential drugs system were analyzed to probe into several issues on its implementation. RESULTS & CONCLUSION:The legal place of National essential drugs system should be further confirmed and qualification authentication of pharmaceutical enterprises involved in bidding for essential drugs list need to be standardized. Subject and proportion of essential drug use must be ensured as well as the supply of essential drugs to make sure the implementation of national essential drugs system.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of neuromatosis scoliosis treated by vascularized grafted rib Method The clinical date of 16 cases of neuromatosis scoliosis treated by surgical operation were analysed retrospectively Result Sixteen patients with scolisis caused by neurofibromatosis were treated by this technique The clinical result was satisfactory and solid fusion was observed in all patients within 6 months after operation Conclusion This operation is an effective method for the treatment of neuromatosis scoliosis

Liver transplantation,as a new treatment for terminal-stage liver diseases,has made remarkable strides in the past decades.Animal models play an essential part in liver transplantation research,but differ from one another and have different limits to be used in imitating human clinical conditions.Therefore,it is the base for the development of liver transplantation to build and improve animal models by correctly selecting and utilizing different characteristics of different animals.

ObjectiveTo set up the porcine combined liver/small bowel orthotopic allotransplantation model.MethodThe donors including liver, about 2 to 3?m proximal jejunum, duodenum and a sma ll part of pancreas head were transplanted to the hybridized long-white recipie nt pigs after the resection of their livers and the majority of small bowels.ResultWithout using immunosuppressive drugs, the median survival time of the animals w as 92?h with the longest survival time being 196?h, and there was about 75?% of the animals lived for more than 24?h after operation.ConclusionThe successful establishment of the combined liver/small bowel transplantation m odel will do great favor to our future clinical practice and further study of th e combined liver/small bowel transplantation.

Objective:To study the expression of extracellular matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9) inducer CD147 and MMP-9 protein in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and explore their correlation with invasion, metastasis, and prognosis of HCC.Methods:SP immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the expression of CD147 and MMP-9 in 83 HCC tissues and 15 normal liver tissues. Results:The positive rate was 73.5% for MMP-9 and 68.7% for CD147, significantly higher than normal tissues (MMP-9: 6.7%;CD147: 0%, P<0.05). Expressions of CD147 and MMP-9 were positively correlated with the tumor size, pTNM stages, differentiation degree, the portal vein cancer embolism, and postoperative recurrence (P<0.05), but not with the patient's age, gender, the serum level of alpha-fetal protein (AFP), and the Child-Pugh grades. Patients with positive expression of CD147 and MMP-9 had shorter survival time than those with negative expression of CD147 and MMP-9. Expression of CD147 was positively related with expression of MMP-9 in HCC tissues.Conclusion:CD147 and MMP-9 had positive correlation with tumor size, pTNM stages, differentiation degree, portal vein cancer embolism, and postoperative recurrence. Detection of the expression of CD147 and MMP-9 may be helpful to make a comprehensive prediction of the prognosis of HCC.

To compare the chemical change of Paeoniae Radix Alba (PRA) after vinegar-baking processing, as well as the effect of vinegar types exerted on the processing, 1H NMR-based metabolomic approach combined with multivariate statistical analysis was used to investigate the different metabolites between the raw and two vinegar-baked PRA. More than thirty metabolites were identified in the 1H NMR spectrum of PRA, and the multivariate statistical analysis showed that raw and two vinegar-baked PRA could be separated obviously. After vinegar-baking, the contents of isoleucine, lactate, alanine, arginine, albiflorin, and 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (5-HMF) elevated, while those of sucrose, paeoniflorin and its analogues (calculated by benzoate) decreased. The chemical compositions of two vinegar-baked PRA were also different. Shanxi vinegar- baked PRA showed higher levels of leucine, isoleucine, valine, and albiflorin, while rice vinegar-baked PRA contained more sucrose and paeoniflorin's analogues (calculated by benzoate). And the chemical changes in Shanxi vinegar-baked PRA were greater than those of rice vinegar-baked PRA. The results revealed the chemical differences between raw and vinegar-baked PRA, as well as the influence of vinegar type on processing, in a holistic manner, the results obtained suggested that the correlations between the chemical change and the drug action after processing, as well as the vinegar type used in processing, should be further studied.

Objective To evaluate the predictive value of serum macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) for myocardial depression in severe sepsis patients.Methods Taken prospective study method,42 cases of severe sepsis patients were enrolled from December 2011 to June 2013.The patients were monitored by PICCO system after informing consent into ICU day,and given the corresponding treatment.According to the hemodynamic parameters were divided into two groups,myocardial depression group:cardiac index ＜ 3 L/(min· m2) and global end diastolic volume index ＞ 800 ml/m2,the remaining were in non myocardial depression group,and the patients were divided into survival group and death group according to 28-d mortality.Hemodynamic parameters and serum MIF,B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP),cardiac troponin Ⅰ (cTnI) level at the 1st,3rd,Sth day after admission.Results Fortty-two severe sepsis patients,non myocardial depression in 22 cases (non myocardial depression group),myocardial suppression in 20 cases (myocardial depression group).At 28 d,20 patients of survival (survival group),22 patients of death (death group).The serum MIF in death group was higher than that in survival group at the 1st,3rd,5th day (P ＜ 0.01) ; BNP and cTnI at the 1st day in two groups had no statistical significance (P ＞0.05),BNP and cTnI at the 3rd,5th day in death group was higher than that in survival group(P ＜ 0.01).The serum MIF at each time point in myocardial depression group was higher than that in non myocardial depression group [survival:8.70(3.53,16.80) μ g/L vs.1.20(0.80,1.77) μ g/L,2.30(1.33,8.40) μ g/L vs.0.60 (0.60,0.99) μg/L,0.50 (0.31,2.50) μg/Lvs.0.16 (0.15,0.20) μg/L;death:11.43(8.10,17.16) μ g/L vs.2.30(1.96,3.69) μ g/L,9.70(6.55,14.65) μ g/L vs.1.90(1.88,5.27) μ g/L,7.50(5.15,14.20)μ g/L vs.2.40(0.80,8.46) μ g/L] (P ＜ 0.05).The serum MIF of death patients in two groups was higher than that of survival patients (P ＜ 0.05).MIF at the 5th day had biggest prediction value,AUC was 0.952,when the cut-off point of 0.65 μg/L,the sensitivity was 100％ (22/22) and specificity was 85％ (17/20).Multivariable Logistic regression analysis results showed that only APACHE Ⅱ scores was the independent risk factor for 28-d mortality (P ＜ 0.01),while MIF couldn' t independent forecast 28-d mortality (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Elevation of serum MIF prompts severe sepsis patient with poor outcome,and dynamic changes of MIF is helpful to evaluate the prognosis and severity of severe sepsis patients with myocardial depression,but MIF is not an independent risk factor for predicting 28-d mortality.

The prospective evaluation of the transformation feasibility of the research achievements is an important portion of the evaluation of the medical research achievements.This study explored to set up a system with Delphi method for the evaluation guideline of the hlansformation feasibility of the medical research achievements.And it also offered some evaluating methods and theoretical guidance to carry out the transformation feasibility of the achievements in the medical scientific research.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) viral infectivity factor (Vif), one of the accessory proteins, which is a small basic phosphoprotein, is essential for viral replication and pathogenesis. The best well-characterized function of Vif is its ability to neutralize the host cell antiviral factor, apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide like 3G (APOBEC3G), which makes the viral particles more infective. In addition, Vif can regulate the reverse transcription and the advanced stage of replication of the virus particle, as well as induce the termination of cell cycle at G2 stage and so on. The designed drug aimed directly at Vif can efficiently block the maturation and infectivity of HIV-1. In this review, the structure, function and especially the related inhibitors of Vif are reviewed.

BACKGROUND: Studies demonstrated that vertebral endplate can be remodeled during intervertebral disc degeneration.However,the relationship between morphology of the vertebral endplate and intervertebral disc degeneration remains poorly understood.OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between the morphology of the vertebral endplate and the lumbar disc herniation.METHODS: Forty cases without previous spine disorder and sixty-two cases symptomatic lumbar disc herinations lumbar vertebral were scanned by using spiral CT.Scan range was from superior L4 to superior S2.Scan protocols as below: 140 kV,345 mAs,FOV 160 mm,layer of thick 1 mm,pitch 1.0.Original images were carried through three-dimensional reconstructions using O2 image work station,W300,C80,ZOOM=1.5,Expand 1.Intervertebral disc maximum anteroposterior,transverse diameter,circumference,area and shape were measured based on curve planar reconstruction.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Endplate shape was strongly related to disc herniation(all the P value < 0.01).Endplate area was a less significant factor L4/5 in men and L5/S1 in men and females(P < 0.05).The shape of the intervertebral body endplate margin is an important factor contributing to the development of disc herniation at L4/5 and L5/S1.