Objective To explore the labeling method of rat adipose-derived stromal cells,and observe the stem cell characteristics and the activities of EGFP-positive adipose-derived stromal cells (EGFP-ADSCs) in vitro and in vivo.Methods ADSCs were transfected for 12 h with enhanced green fluorescent protein gene (EGFP) carried by lentivirus(Lv-EGFP) vector at different value of MOI (0,5,10,25,50,100,respectively).The rate of EGFP expression and fluorescence intensity were evaluated by flow cytometric analysis and fluorescence microscopy,and cell viability was detected by MTT-test after transfection.Secondly,cells were exposed either to adipogenic medium or osteogenic medium,then stained with Oil Red O and Alizarin Red S.Cell growth was investigated on frozen longitudinal sections when EGFP-ADSCs were injected into acellular nerves to build tissue-engineered peripheral nerves repairing sciatic nerve defects in rats for 1 week in vivo.Results EGFP-positive rate and fluorescence intensity peak at 4 days after transfection.The rate of EGFP expression was 0.13％,31.09％,75.33％,92.66％,96.70％,98.38％ for MOI =0,1,5,25,50,100,respectively.The positive rate between the experimental group and control (MOI =0) existed significantly difference (P ＜ 0.05) ; the difference between MOI =1,5 groups and MOI =25,50,100 groups were also observed (P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistical difference in EGFP-positive rate and cell proliferation activity among MOI =25,50,100 groups (P ＞ 0.05).MOI =25 was chosen as best scheme to transfect ADSCs for subsequent experiments.Osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation for 20 days,orange calcium deposits,orange-red lipid droplets were seen in EGFP-ADSCs after Alizarin red and oil red O staining.At 1 week in vivo,EGFP-ADSCs evenly distributed and became fusiform on frozen longitudinal sections.Conclusion Lv-EGFP transfection does not affect the ADSCs activity and their osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation,so could be as a tracing method for ADSCs-tissue-engineered peripheral nerves repairing nerve defects.

Objective To analyze the massive explosions and burn at Tianjin Port in 2015 resulted in a mass casualty event,and the entire course of response of a hospital to deal with such major sudden accident in order to find a rational strategy for optimal use of medical resources and reduce the critical mortality.Methods This study was done by a retrospective analysis of data from one trauma center at an academic hospital.Data including outcome,triage,severity and pattern of injuries,patient flow,and medical resources used were obtained by the review of hospital records.Results This disaster caused 165 deaths,8 missing contact,and 797 non-fatal casualties.The Pingjin Hospital admitted 298 casualties,and 29 of them were seriously injured referred to by Tianjin Emergency Medical Center.Excessive triage rate made after transfer to another hospital was 62.07% with 11 of the 29 severely injured patients.Maximum (also the first)surge had 147 injured patients arrived around one hour after incident,the second surge had 31 seriously injured patients occurred around 4 hours after incident.Of them,17 patients needed surgery and 17 patients were admitted to the intensive care unit.Conclusions These data showed that the number of casualties in the first surge was substantially larger than predicted and those casualties had less severe trauma,whereas the number of the injured in the second surge was less but the trauma was more severe.In order to maintain the hospital surge capacity,an effective re-triage and a hospital-wide damage control principle can be used to deal with.

Objective To establish a headspace gas chromatography method for determination of nine residual solvents in grape seed extract. Methods The residual solvents in grape seed extract were separated on DB-WAX column (30 m× 0.45 mm, 0.85 μm) with an FID detector; the injector temperature and the detector temperature was set at 220 ℃ and 250 ℃ , respectively; the chapiter pressure was 27.58 kPa; the containers of headspace injector were in equilibrium for 30 min at 80 ℃ ;the N, N-dimethylformamide was used as the solvent. Results The detected solvents were well separated. Good linear relationship of the benzene and ethanol was obtained within the range of 0.04-0.3,100-750 μg?mL-1 , respectively. Good linear relationships of the hexane, o-xylene, m-xylene, p-xylene, styrene, toluene and 1,2-diethyl benzene solvents were obtained within the range of 0.4-3.0 μg?mL-1 (r≥0.995 8), respectively. The average recoveries (n = 3) of the nine solvents were 96.35%,97.08%,97.31%,89.93%,92.35%,90.65%,88.56%,93.84%,86.51% and the RSDs were 4.38%,2.16%,3.49%, 4.19%,4.80%,4. 83%,4. 70%,5. 00%,4. 39%, respectively. Conclusion The established method is simple, rapid and accurate, which can be used for the determination of residual solvents in grape seed extract and can simultaneously provide scientific basic for quality control.

BACKGROUND:According to the core functional zone of amino acid sequence of the osteoinduction in bone morphogenetic proteins, our research group synthesized bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) active polypeptides Ⅰ and Ⅱ by artificial solid-state synthesis method. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the osteoinductive ability of BMP active polypeptides Ⅰ and Ⅱ in animals. METHODS:Forty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into seven groups, and respectively implanted with hydroxyapatite/polylactic acid carrying 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 g/L BMP active polypeptides I, hydroxyapatite/polylactic acid carrying 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 g/L BMP active polypeptides Ⅱ, and hydroxyapatite/polylactic acid alone. At 3 and 5 weeks postoperatively, X-ray, CT and histological detection were conducted to evaluate osteoinductive conditions in the seven groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 3 and 5 weeks postoperatively, there were better local osteoinductive effects in the groups hydroxyapatite/polylactic acid carrying BMP active polypeptides Ⅰ and Ⅱ than the group of hydroxyapatite/polylactic acid, indicating both two kinds of BMP active polypeptides possessed a certain osteoinductive ability. Moreover, this osteoinductive ability became stronger with time. At 5 weeks postoperatively, the osteoinductive effect in the 0.4 and 0.8 g/L BMP active polypeptides I groups was better than that in the 0.2 g/L BMP active polypeptides I group and the 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 BMP active polypeptides Ⅱ groups (P < 0.05). In addition, there was no difference in the osteoinductive effect of 0.4 and 0.8 g/L BMP active polypeptides I groups. These results indicate that BMP active polypeptides I has a stronger osteoinductive ability than BMP active polypeptides Ⅱ.

Objective T0 investigate the effects of transforming growth factorβ1 ( TGFβ1 ) and its receptorβ2 (TGFβR2) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms on the risk of intracranial hemorrhage in patients with brain arteriovenous malformation (BAVM).Methods Fifty-three BAVM patients of both sexes aged 18-64 yr who were genetically unrelated native HAN of Guangdong province were divided into 2 groups:patients with and without intracranial hemorrhage ( n =30:23).Venous blood samples were collected and anti-coagulated with ethylene diaminetetraacetic acid for genomic DNA extraction.TGFβ1-509C/T (rs1800469) and TGFβR2 875A/G (rs3087465) gene SNPs were genotyped by using PCR-RFLP.Results There were no significant differences in genotype and frequency between the 2 groups.The G carrier frequency of the TGFβR2 genotype was significantly higher in patients with intracranial hemorrhage than in patients without intracranial hemonrhage.The G carrier of the TGFβR2 genotype was associated with intrarcranial hemorrhage in patients with BAVM.Conclusion TGFβ1 gene polymorphism is not relevant to the intracranial hemorrhage in patients with BAVM,but polymorphisms of TGFβR2 could be a risk factor.

Objective To observe the variation of cerebral brain flow (CBF)and pathological characteristics in peripheral brain tissue of nidus after operation of brain arterivenous malformations (BAVM) and explore the mechanism and theaputic strategy of normal perfusion pressure breakdown (NPPB)after microsurgery. Methods 12 cases of BAVM that have received surgical resection were analyzed prospectively, and 8 cases of them were embolized with Onyx. The pathological characteristics of the nidus and peripheral brain tissue was observed with microscope and electron microscope. The variation of CBF in peripheral brain tissue of the nidus following microsurgical resection was observed by using Laser Doppuler Perfusion Imaging (LDPI) system. The monitering result of CBF in little meniugioma(n=6) during surgery was used as the control. Results There was small vessel expantion, neuron necrosis, gliocyte hyperplasia and blood brain barriar (BBB) destruction in peripheral brain tissue of BAVM nidus, the visibal brain tissue edema and inflammatory cell infiltration in peripheral brain tissue of the nidus and the revascularization in the emolized nidus vessels were observed after embolization with Onyx. There was significant change of CBF between pre-and post-operation (P<0.05),and after controlling depressurization during surgery was the increasing CBF step down (P<0.05). Conclusion The BBB breakdown and increasing CBF of peripheral brain tissue of the nidus may be the pathological foundation of brain hemorrhage and edema after BAVM microsurgical resection. So embolization before the operation, controlling depressuriation during and after surgery is the important methods for preventing and curing the NPPB of BAVM after microsurgery.

Objective:By comparing the volume% (V% GGOs) of ground glass opacities (GGOs) in high resolution CT (HRCT) of patients with acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning at different time points, its value in the early prognosis of patients with PQ poisoning was analyzed. Methods:The data of patients with PQ poisoning admitted to Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Chinese Armed Police Forces from June 2017 to December 2018 were prospectively analyzed. According to the follow-up results after poisoning at 90 days, the patients were divided into the survival group and death group. Three-dimensional reconstruction technology was used to calculate the change of V% GGOs on the 3rd, 5th, and 7th day after poisoning. Chi-square test and One-Way ANOVA of variance were used to compare sex, age, and time of poisoning between the two groups. The Student's t test was used to compare V% GGOs between the two groups at different time points. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to determine the guiding significance of the indicator on the prognosis of patients with PQ poisoning at different time points. Results:A total of 89 patients with PQ poisoning were included in the study, 49 in the survival group and 40 in the death group. There were no statistical differences between the two groups of patients in sex, age, poisoning time, oxygenation index, mean arterial pressure, total bilirubin, blood urea nitrogen, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase at admission (all P>0.05). The blood PQ concentration (mg/L) in the death group was significantly higher than that in the survival group (6.35 ±0.51 vs 3.49 ±0.21, P= 0.013). On the 3rd, 5th and 7th day after admission, the V% GGOs was significantly higher than that in the survival group (3rd day: 0.062±0.020 vs 0.049±0.007, P= 0.013; 5th day: 0.292±0.130 vs 0.123±0.044, P<0.01; 7th day: 0.334±0.116 vs 0.138±0.034, P=0.019). The area under the ROC curve showed that the prognosis AUC of the 7th day V% GGOs after poisoning was 0.967, the sensitivity was 100% and the specificity was 83.33% when the threshold was 0.16, but the time point was late. On the 5th day after poisoning, the V% GGOs judged the prognosis AUC was 0.842, the sensitivity was 82.35% and the specificity was 89.47% when the threshold was 0.14. On the 3rd day after poisoning, the V% GGOs judged the prognosis AUC was 0.708, the sensitivity was 55.00% and the specificity was 78.95% when the threshold was 0.05. At this time, the sensitivity and specificity were lower than those on the 5th and 7th day. Conclusions:The proportion of ground glass opacity volume in patients with PQ poisoning can be used to evaluate their prognosis, and the best time point is the 5th day after poisoning.

Objective We evaluate if supplementary grading system can refine patient selection and accurately predict neurological outcome in BAVM. Methods We retrospectively study 221 BAVM patients who were treated micro?surgically by our hospital. The score of pre and post operation mRS and relative clinical, radiology data were collected. Two different logistic models (Spetzler-Martin, Supplementary Spetzler-Martin grading model) were constructed to com?pare the area under ROC. Results Some factors are significant different between worse outcome patients and good out?come patients:Non-hemorrhagic presentations prior surgery, AVM bigger than 3cm, diffuse shape of AVM and the elder patients. Predictive accuracy was higher for the supplementary model (ROC area, 0.91), than the Spetzler-Martin model (ROC area, 0.774). So the predictive accuracy of supplementary model was significantly better than that of the Spet?zler-Martin model (P=0.0362). Conclusions Supplementary Spetzler-Martin model can improve preoperative risk pre?diction and subgroup the patients more efficiently. When the score less than 5(including 5) in supplementary Spet?zler-Martin patients seem to have lower risk relative to surgery.

Available antidepressants are based on the tricyclic and monoamine oxidase inhibitor which were discovered more than sixteen years ago.These antidepressants were found to promote serotonin or noradrenaline function in the brain to produce a antidepressant effect.Although newer agents are more specific,but unfortunately,the issues of slower effect,low-response rate and side-effect are still unsolved.Cordycepin is the main effective component of Cordyceps Militaris which has been used as a Chinese herb and food for hundreds of years.This review summarizes the antidepressant effect and the involved mechanisms of Cordycepin,and provides a novel concept on the research and development of antidepressants by using Chinese herb.