Objective To investigate the induction of L-forms of Yersinia pestis by enrofloxacin,in order to know more about the formation conditions and biological characteristics of L-form Yersinia pestis.Methods Yersinia pestisEV were cultured in Hiss agar media containing 0,0. 5,5,10,50,100,500 and 1 000 ng/mL enrofloxacin respectively. The cultures containing 50 ng/mL enrofloxacin was subcultured in Hiss agar media without enrofloxacin for reversion. The colonial morphology of each sample was observed. The bacterial morphology was observed by Gram staining and cell wall staining,while the cell wall integrity by transmission electron microscope. Yersinia pestis EV and L-form Yersinia pestis were identified by 16S rDNA,analyzed for the homology and the phylogenetic tree were constructed.Results Enrofloxacin 0. 5 ng/mL contained in Hiss agar media caused morphological changes of Yersinia pestis,from typical short-rod to long-rod shape. When the concentration of enrofloxacin was 50 ng/mL,the cell wall of Yersinia pestis was deficient,and the bacteria could not divide and proliferate normally,but showed long-rod shape and coiled into a mass,with the colonial morphology like fried eggs. Enrofloxacin-induced L-form Yersinia pestis reversed in normal Hiss agar media,and displayed a typical Yersinia pestis short-rod shape. 16S rDNA identification showed that the homology between the induced strain and the parent EV strain before induction was 100%.Conclusion Enrofloxacin can induce the L-forms of Yersinia pestis.

Objective To understand the differences of virulence genes and molecular typing in Campylobacterjejuni isolates from poultry products and diarrhea patients in Shenzhen.Methods According to specific primers,four virulence genes (cdtB,cadF,flaA,virB1 1 )of C.jejuni were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Molecular typing for C.jejuni strains was performed by Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).Results There were no differences of gene distribution (cdtB+,cadF+,virB1 1-)between isolates from poultry products and diarrhea patients.Two virulence genes of cdtB and cadF were found in all of ten C.jejuni strains lacking virB1 1 .The carriage rate of flaA in food-borne isolates (3/5 )was higher than those in patient isolates (2/5).In the PFGE map,the clustering analysis of C.jejuni strains showed that a total of 5 to 9 DNA bands were observed in ten strains through the digestion of Sam I.There was high homology (above 85%) between food-borne isolates and patients isolates,but the distribution of flaA in these highly homologous strains was differ-ent.Conclusion So far,C.jejuni strains with cdtB,cadF and flaA were present in Shenzhen,and showed high diversity and homology.This implies that the occurrence of diarrhea in patients with C.jejuni was associated with the contaminated poul-try products by this pathogen.Their findings can provide basic data and evidences about diarrheal disease caused by food-borne C.jejuni for the local region.

Objective To study the perioperative treatment of breast carcinoma complicated with hyperthyroidism.Methods The perioperative treatment of 76 cases of breast carcinoma complicated with hyperthyroidism in the period of 26 years was retrospectively studied.Results Hyperthyroidism was treated by surgical methods or medical methods in perioperative period.73 cases didn't have any correlative postoperative complications related to hyperthyroidism,3 cases showed postoperative thyroid crisis or clinical signs similar to thyroid crisis,and no death happened.Conclusions For breast carcinoma complicated with hyperthyroidism,if clinical symptoms of hyperthyroidism are apparent,hyperthyroidism should be treated first by surgical methods,and then breast surgery can be considered until basal metabolic rate resumes normal.If clinical symptoms of hyperthyroidism aren't remarkable,breast surgery can be performed directly on the premise of heart control.

Objective To estimate the effect of berberine on the proliferation of and expressions of apoptosisrelated factors Bax and Bcl-2 in a human skin squamous cell carcinoma cell line A431.Methods A431 cells were cultured in vitro,and classified into various groups to be treated with berberine at different concentrations (12.5,25,5,100 mg/L) or cisplatin at 250 mg/L (positive control group) for different durations (12,24,48 and 72 hours).The A431 cells remaining untreated served as the negative control group.Subsequently,methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was performed to evaluate cell growth,and inverted microscopy to observe cell morphology.Real time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and an immunofluorescence assay were conducted to measure the mRNA and protein expressions of Bax and Bcl-2 respectively.Statistical analysis was done by multi-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the software SPSS 13.0.Results MTr assay showed that berberine inhibited the growth of A431 cells,and the inhibitory effect increased with the increase in concentration (F =1118.312,P ＜ 0.001) and treatment duration (F =510.927,P ＜ 0.001) of berberine.Moreover,there was a significant interaction between the concentration and treatment duration of berberine (F =70.239,P ＜ 0.001).Inverted microscopy revealed that when the concentration of berberine increased,cell density was reduced,and cell morphology changed from polygonal to round with cell body shrinkage.The ratio of bax to Bcl-2 mRNA was elevated with the increase in treatment duration and concentration of berberine,and there were significant differences in the mRNA ratio among cells treated with berberine for different time durations at same concentrations (F =226.231,1300.636,4325.139 for berberine at 25,50 and 100 mg/L respectively,all P＜ 0.001).Immunofluorescence staining indicated that the fluorescence intensity of Bax was enhanced,while that of Bcl-2 was weakened after berberine treatment.Conclusions Berberine inhibits the growth of A431 cells in a dose-and timedependent manner,and may induce the apoptosis of A431 cells via regulating the expressions of Bax and Bcl-2.

BACKGROUND:Compared with mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow and fat, human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells, as one of the most potential cellsources to repair the central nervous system, are easy-based, more primitive, and not limited by ethical and legal.
OBJECTIVE:To explore differentiation of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells into neural stem cells induced by the recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor and recombinant human epidermal growth factor.
METHODS:The human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells were induced by basic fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor in vitro. The cellmorphology was observed by invert microscope. The differentiation status was detected by immunofluorescence. The Nestin expression in mRNA level before and after induction was detected by real-time PCR.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The neural stem cellbal s were observed after induction. And the Nestin was detected by immunofluorescence and real-time PCR. Nestin could further differentiate to the neuronal markproteins neuron-specific enolase, microtubule-associated protein 2 protein and glial fibril ary acidic protein. Results from this study show that basic fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor can induce human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate to neural stem cells, neurons and glial cells.

Objective: To establish a nomograph model for prediction of cervical central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) among patients with thyroid papillary carcinoma (PTC), so as to provide the evidence for designing personalized treatment plans for PTC. Methods : The data of patients that underwent thyroidectomy and were pathologically diagnosed with PTC post-surgery in the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from 2018 to 2021 were collected. Patients' data captured from 2018 to 2020 and from 2021 were used as the training set and the validation set, respectively. Predictive factors were screened using a multivariable logistic regression model, and the nomograph model for prediction of CLNM risk was established. The predictive value of the model was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the adjusted curve. Results: Totally 1 820 PTC cases were included in the training set, including 458 cases with CLNM (25.16%), and 797 cases in the validation set, including 207 cases with CLNM (25.98%). The prediction model is p=ey/(1+ey), y=0.761 + 0.525 × sex + (-0.039) ×age + 0.351 × extrathyroid invasion + 0.368 × neck lymph node enlargement + 1.021×maximum tumor diameter + (-0.009) × TT4 + (-0.001) × anti-TPOAb. The area under the ROC curve was 0.732 for the training set and 0.731 for the validation set, and Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed a good fitting effect (P=0.936, 0.722). Conclusion The nomograph model constructed in this study has a high predictive value for CLNM among patients with PTC.

Objective: To investigate thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) and “Chimney” technique for treating the involved left common carotid artery (LCCA) or left subclavian artery (LSA) in Standford B patients with aortic lesion and in-sufficient proximal anchoring area. Meanwhile, to explore the relationship between endoleaking condition and the location of lesion with the prognosis. Methods: A total of 32 relevant patients treated by TEVAR + “Chimney” technique in our hospital from 2011-09 to 2015-07 were retrospectively analyzed. Immediate post-operative image development of LCCA or LSA was observed; cerebral complications, severe upper limb ischemic symptoms and endoleaking conditions were recorded. The patients were followed-up for (3-46) months. Results: Thoracic aortic stent-graft placement was successfully carried out in all 32 patients. Immediate post-operative image development of LCCAor LSAwas favorable, no cerebral complications and no severe upper limb ischemic symptoms were observed. There were 7 patients suffered from endoleak at aortic arch including 6 with the lesion located at the greater curvature side and 1 at the small curvature side. During follow-up period, aortic stent-graft remained in a stable condition and the blood flow in “Chimney” stent was unobstructed. Endoleking condition was gradually reduced and disappeared in 5 patients, it was persisted in 2 patients. Conclusion: “Chimney” technique may prolong anchoring area and keep LCCA or LSA unobstructed, therefore expand the indication of TEVAR in a mini-invasive, safe and effective way. When aortic lesion located at the greater curvature side, the endoleaking probability could be increased.

BACKGROUND:Restenosis after angioplasty severely limited the application and long-period therapeutic effects of percutaneous coronary intervention. Changes in smooth muscle cel phenotype and their proliferation are important mechanisms of restenosis after angioplasty.
OBJECTIVE:To use bal oon in vivo transduction of osteopontin short hairpin RNA (OPN-shRNA), to inhibit osteopontin expression at the injured blood vessels of a rabbit model of experimental atherosclerosis, and to prevent restenosis after angioplasty.
METHODS:A total of 20 rabbit models of atherosclerosis were established and randomly equal y assigned to empty plasmid group and OPN-shRNA plasmid group. The plasmid recombinant OPN-shRNA and empty plasmid were transferred to the ventral aorta by bal oon.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After bal oon dilatation, specific green fluorescence was detected in the layer of vascular smooth muscle in the two groups. Moreover, with prolonged time of transfection, fluorescence intensity gradual y decreased. Compared with the empty plasmid group, the expanded artery lumen area obviously increased in the OPN-shRNA plasmid group, and plaque burden evidently reduced. Results indicated that bal oon catheter used in regional blood vessels in rabbit models of atherosclerosis could successful y transduce OPN-shRNA plasmid. The restenosis of the expanded blood vessels lessened, and thrombus burden relieved. It is of great importance to prevent the occurrence of restenosis after angioplasty in rabbit models.

Objective: To explore the effect and safety of pre-operative loading ticagrelor on myocardium reperfusion in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: A total of 105 acute STEMI patients received PCI within 12-hour of onset were studied and they were divided into 2 groups: Ticagrelor group, the patients received pre-operative oral chewing ticagrelor 180 mg,n=58 and Clopidogrel group, the patients received pre-operative oral chewing clopidogrel 600 mg,n=47. The baseline feathers, operative TIMI and corrected TIMI frame count (CTFC), TIMI myocardial perfusion grade (TMPG), no-relfow/slow lfow conditions were compared between 2 groups. Results: The baseline feathers and pre-operative TIMI were similar between 2 groups, bothP>0.05. Compared with Clopidogrel group, Ticagrelor group showed increased ratios of TIMI 3 lfow (94.8% vs 80.9%) and TMPG (89.7% vs 72.3%), bothP<0.05, improved CTFC (20.0 ± 4.9) vs (31.8 ± 3.9),P<0.001; decreased rates of no-relfow/slow lfow,P=0.016 and less MACE occurrence,P<0.05; while the post-operative bleeding events were similar between 2 groups,P>0.05. Conclusion: Prior PCI loading ticagrelor may reduce no-relfow/slow lfow incidence, improve myocardium reperfusion safely and therefore, decrease MACE occurrence in acute STEMI patients.

OBJECTIVETo summarize the therapeutic effect of 5 kinds of flaps for the treatment of skin and soft tissue defect in the hallex.

METHODSFrom Jan. 2008 to Jun. 2013, 24 cases with skin and soft tissue defects in the hallex were treated with 5 kinds of reversed flaps, including medial foot dorsal neurocutaneous flaps, medial foot neurocutaneous flaps, lateral tarsal flaps, anterior malleous flaps, medial cross leg and saphenous nerve flaps. The defects size ranged from 3 cm x 2 cm to 5 cm x 3 cm, with the flap size from 3. 5 cm x 2. 5 cm to 5. 5 cm x 4. 0 cm.

RESULTSPartial superficial necroisis happened at the distal end of one foot dorsal medial neurocutaneous flap. One third flap necrosis occurred in 1 foot medial neurocutaneous flap due to too tight suture at flap pedicle and resulted thrombosis. All the other 23 flaps survived completely. 15 cases were followed up for 3-36 months with normal walking function and satisfactory appearance. Among the 8 cases with nerve anastomosis, 4 cases were followed up with 2-point discrimination distance of 8-11 mm. the flaps without nerve anastomosis also had protective sense due to nerve ingrowth.

CONCLUSIONSSkin and soft tissue defects in the hallex can be treated with different appropriate flaps. The hallex length can be reserved with satisfactory function and appearance.

Foot Injuries ; surgery ; Graft Survival ; Hallux ; injuries ; surgery ; Humans ; Necrosis ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; surgery ; Surgical Flaps ; pathology ; transplantation