This paper introduced the risk communication principles made by WHO including: establishing trust, releasing information betimes, keeping transparent , listening to the public opinions and involving them in etc.Seven steps to make a two -way and interactive communication are also put up on that basis .It covers infor-ming the medial information and comforting patients ’ anxiety.In addition, the strategies of informing the patients of high-risk medical issues or low -risk medical issues and good or bad news are also mentioned .

Exterior-and interior-meridian acupoints were used, mainly by selection of local acupoints along meridian. According to the state of disease, electroacupuncture and acupoint injection were combined to treat brachial plexus injury. Among 12 patients, 6 cases were basically cured, 4 cases got effectiveness and 2 cases had no effectiveness. The therapeutic effect of exterior- and interior-meridian acupoints in brachial plexus injury was satisfactory.

Objective The purpose of this study is to investigate CD 46 expression in advanced invasive breast cancer and in normal breast tissues , and to analyze the correlation between CD 4 expression and effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy ,exploring its clinical significance for the prognostic value of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer .Methods Immunohistochemistry was employed to detect CD 46 expression of tissue samples from 60 patients with invasive breast cancer and 30 normal breasts .We further analyzed the relationship between effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and CD 46 expression ,and the prognostic significance for the survival .Rseults CD46-positive rate in breast cancer was apparently higher than that in normal breast tissues (81.67% vs. 46.67%,P<0.05).After neoadjuvant chemotherapy,the CD46 expression was significantly decreased (P <0 .05).There was a negative correlation between CD 46 expression and efficacy of chemotherapy ( P<0.05). CD46 expression in breast cancer could be affected in cancer invasion ,lymph node metastasis(P<0.05).Con-clusion CD46 expression in breast cancer patients is higher than that in healthy people ,and was negatively cor-related with efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy .The increasing rate of CD 46 positive expression has predictive val-ue for the poor prognosis of patients .

OBJECTIVE: To study of effects of dexarmethasome of Jianlishu Powder on the release of tumor necrosis factor-? in rats of adjuvant arthritis model. METHODS: Adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) was induced by injection of frenndi's complete adjuvant in rats' plantar to observe the effects of Jianlishu Powder on rice' hypersensitivity reaction, thickness of inflamed plantar of both feet, and levels of tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?), Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and circulating immune complex (CIC) in AIA rats. RESULTS:rats' right posterior metatarsus which was injected with adjuvant was swollen from the second day for 15 days (primary lesion). Jianlishu Powder significantly inhibited feet swelling induced by collagen dose-dependently and down-regulate the contents of TNF-?,IL-2 and CIC thus resulting in an anti-inflammatory action in AIA rats(P

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the transnational management strategy of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) enterprises in China.METHODS: The actuality of the transnational management of TCM enterprises and the main difficulties encountered by them were analyzed.RESULTS: The problems such as foreigners' different opinions on TCM,the laws,intellectual property rights and technology faced by TCM enterprises hindered the practice of the strategy of transnational management.CONCLUSION: The TCM enterprises in China should rely on special advantages in TCM to cultivate the ownership advantages,regional advantage and internalization advantage so as to effectuate transnational management.

OBJECTIVE: To promote Chinese pharmaceutical enterprises to understand their social responsibility clearly and to fulfill it actively.METHODS: The category of social responsibility of pharmaceutical enterprises was analyzed as well as the main approaches to perform corporate social responsibility.RESULTS: Chinese pharmaceutical enterprises should figure out their responsibility to consumers,employees,investors,society,community and other stakeholders.In recent years,the approaches to perform social responsibility based on force system of law and regulations and the improvement of enterprises' consciousness.These are unfavorable to Chinese pharmaceutical enterprises to undertake social responsibility actively.CONCLUSION: There are two approaches to promote Chinese pharmaceutical enterprises to perform their social responsibility,which are external supervision and internal governance.

Objective To discuss the change and the regulation of tumornecrosis factor(TNF-?) and epidermal growth factor(EGF) before and after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.Method Radioimmunoassay was used to measure TNF-? in 50 cases urine sample before and after ESWL.Results TNF-? level in urine after ESWL were increased significantly at 1～4d(t=2.82,P

Objective:To identify differential proteins expression of seminal plasma of varicocele patients and normal person,providing evidence for further exploring the molecular mechanism of infertility caused by varicocele.Methods:The differential proteins expression of seminal plasma of varicocele patients and normal person were characterized by means of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis(2-DE).Results:The well-resolved,reproducible 2-DE seminal plasma were obtained.The 38 differential protein spots were identified.Conclusion:The male infertility might due to the expression and modification of some proteins in seminal plasma of varicocele patient.Further analysis on the different proteins'expression helps revealing molecule mechanism of varicocele causing male infertility.

Objective:To study the influence of rt-PA and urokinase on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase(MMP-9) and hemorrhagic transformation after thrombolysis therapy in rats.Methods:A focal cerebral ischemia model of rat was established through embolization of left middle cerebral artery with autologous blood clots.rt-PA and urokinase were intravenously administrated 6 hours after ischemia at a dose of 10 mg/kg and 4 000 ?/kg.At the 24th hour after ischemia,all rats were killed.The expression of MMP-9 was detected with immunohistochemical staining and cerebral hemorrhage was quantified by spectrophotometer assay.Results:The expression of MMP-9 was increased after ischemia,and MMP-9 was significantly further upregulated after rt-PA and urokinase had been intravenously administrated.The average optical density(AOD) of MMP-9 in the sham operated group was 0.086?0.008,and increased to 0.158?0.010 after cerebral ischemia for 24 hours and then further increased to 0.225?0.034 and 0.228?0.022 in the rt-PA and urokinase thrombolytic therapy groups.Transformation and quantified intracerebral hemorrhage were significantly higher in the therapy groups as compared with the ischemic group.However,there was no difference between rt-PA group and urokinase group.Conclusion:rt-PA and urokinase treatment both increase the levels of MMP-9 after ischemia.MMP-9 might be involved in the hemorrhagic transformation after thrombolytic therapy with rt-PA and urokinase.

Objective:Evaluate the relationship of complications and indwelling time of double-J ureteral stents after ureterscopic holmium-laser lithotripsy. Methods:170 patients were divided into two groups randomly. groupⅠ(stents indwelling 4 weeks),groupⅡ(stents indwelling 2 weeks).Complications of two groups were compared. Results:During the indwelling time,two groups presented urinary irritative sypmtoms were 81(93%)and 51(61%)P