Analysised the transmission routes of AIDS in hospital,preventive strategies and existing ethic problems.Putting forward the importance of respecting the proper right of AIDS patients and health care workers in the prevention of nosocomial-transmitted HIV.On the basis of scientific study,strengthening the propagating of the knowledge of AIDS in the whole society,respecting the right and statue of AIDS prevention and timely treatment among both patients and health care workers.Respecting their medical treatment right and secrets,detecting HIV of patients on the informed consent.Respecting health care workers' right,providing profession guide and preventive strategies for prevention and control of nosocomial-transmitted AIDS.

Objective To establish an acoustic perceptual method analyzing the compensatory articulation errors in children with operated cleft palate via the formants of Chinese pure vowels. Methods The first three formants which represent vocal transmission character in Chinese pure vowels of 84 subjects with operated cleft palate, were measured by Computerized Speech Signal Processing System (CSSPS). The Chinese vowel graph of postoperative patients with cleft palate was stated by the first formant frequencies (F1) and the second formant frequencies (F2) of the Chinese pure vowels between the two groups. Results Values of F1 and F2 of vowels except [a] in the poor articulation group (Group A) were significantly different from those in the good articulation group (Group B) (P<0.05 or P<0.01). As compared with that in Group B, the vowel graph demonstrated the decreased perceptual distances in Group A. These findings indicated that there might still be the backward movements of tongue, perverted mandibular movements and disharmonious lip movements in addition to the velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) in Group A. Conclusion The speech articulation of children with repaired cleft palate should be gained by correcting the aberrant compensatory articulation errors in the condition of velopharyngeal competence. Computerized Speech Signal Processing System (CSSPS), which is regarded as the content of objective quantitative measurement, is a precise, simple, reliable and atroumatic technique for children with cleft palate to analyze pathological compensatory articulation errors.

Objective To investigate the changes of CRP in diagnosis of the acute exacerbation of COPD and its significance.Method CRP and WBC were measured both when the patients just before and after the treatment with effective antibiotics to compare their change.Results The positive rate of CRP is 85.40%.and the difference Was obvious(P＜0.01).At the same time,the CRP's difference between before and after the use of antibiotics was also obvious(P＜0.01).Conclusion CRP is a sensitive and specific index to the acute exacerbation of COPD,and is helpful to discover this acute disease early as well as a good guide to estimate the serious of pneumonia sand to respond the efficacy of antibiotics.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the bioethical principles which should be followed in the epidemiological study of AIDS.METHODS Practicality of bioethical principles in epidemiological study of AIDS was evaluated by theoretical analysis method.RESULTS The important principles in the epidemiological study of AIDS are respect,beneficence/nonmaleficence and justice principles.CONCLUSIONS Following bioehical principle is the basis of epidemiological study of AIDS.

Using immunohistochemical method,the antigens were shown to be mainly located in the cecum,tegument,esophagus,pharynx,excretory bladder,uterus and oral sucker of Pagumogonimus skrjabini.Histochemical analyses showed that antigens contained enzymes such as acid phosphatase (ACP),alkaline phosphatase (AKP),and acetyleholinesterase (AChE).Other chemical substances,for example,alkaline protein,basic protein,glycogen and acid mucopolysaccharides were also detected in the antigens of P.skrjabini.

Objective To evaluation the Diagnosis value of single and consociation to drawing materials methods with bronchofibroscopy in pulmonary carcinoma.Methods 481 diagnosed patients with pulmonary carcinoma by bronchofibroscopy during July 2000 to July 2006 were analyzed.Four different drawing materials method including clamping,brushing,needling and rinse checking were used to diagnose.The positive rates of these four methods were compared with single and consociation to drawing materials methods.Results The positive rate of clamping,brushing,needling and rinse checking were 83.9%,70%,59.1%and 35.9%respectively,and the total positive rate was 90.2%after being united.Conclusions Bronchofibroscopy is one of the most important methods in diagnosing pulmonary carcinoma. Using multiple drawing materials methods in bronchofibroscopy can improve the accuracy rate of diagnosis of lung cancer significantly.

Objective To observe the effects of Biejia Jian (BJ) in preventing rat hepatic fibrosis. Methods Rat models with hepatic fibrosis were established by abdominal subcutaneous injection of 45 %carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and olive oil. Fifty Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: model group (treated with normal saline),small-dosage BJ group (6.25 g/kg BJ), moderate-dosage BJ group (12.5 g/kg BJ) and large-dosage BJ group (25.0 g/kg BJ). The treatment lasted 10 weeks. On the 11th week, rats eyes were removed to get blood sample. The biochemical parameters of blood were detected and HE staining was applied for the pathological examination of liver. Results BJ decreased the serum levels of ALT,AST,HA, LN and PC III in rats, no pseudo-lobules found in the BJ groups. Proliferation of fibrous tissue was mild and Limited and fatty degeneration of hepatocytes were slight in moderate-dosage and high-dosage BJ groups as compared with the small-dosage BJ group.Pathological changes in BJ groups were significantly improved (P

Henoch-Sch(o)nlein purpura(HSP) is one of the most common vasculitides in children with many manifestations including skin purpura,arthritis,abdominal pain and renal involvement.The renal involvement(Henoch-Sch(o)nlein purpura nephritis,HSPN) is the principal cause of morbidity and major risk factor for prognosis in HSP.The paper reviewed the updated treatment strategy for HSPN.Accordingly,steroids,cyclophosphamide,mycophenolate mofetil,mizoribine,cyclosporine,triptolide,angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) / angiotensin receptor blockers(ARB),plasma apheresis and tonsillectomy are possible indicator for the further therapy of HSPN.Furthermore,prospective randomized controlled treatment studies on children with severe HSPN would be needed.

Objective:To analyze the efficiency and influencing factors of Chinese medical and health resources. Methods:Based on the panel data of 31 mainland provinces from 2003 to 2011 in China, use the two-stage Malmquist-Tobit model to analyze. Results:The efficiency of Chinese medical and health resources shows an increasing trend, which is dual driven by improvement of technical efficiency and technological progress. The efficiency varies among different areas, and the descending order of efficiency value is east, west and center. The level of economic development, population density, the proportion of profitable hospitals, the levels of urbanization and education can promote Chinese medical and health efficiency with different extent. Conclusion:To improve the efficiency of Chinese medical and health resources, it needs to promote economic development level, allocating health resources reasonably, and advancing urbanization and education levels orderly.