Physical inactivity is closely related to the continuous decline of physical fitness, the increasingly severe obesity, myopia and other health problems, which has become a global public health issue. Physical activity promotion of children and adolescents is a common concern in sports science and public health. However, health outcomeoriented physical activity promotion model has failed to achieve expected results. Based on the concept of physical literacy, components of physical literacy, and direct and indirect evidence, this paper expounds the relationship between physical literacy and physical activity promotion of children and adolescents, and reveals the implication of physical literacy to physical activity promotion of children and adolescents. It also points out that more empirical studies are needed in the future, including the development of physical literacy assessment tools for children and adolescents of different ages and physical conditions in China; more longitudinal studies on the relationship between physical literacy, physical activity participation and health; the direct effect of physical literacy intervention on physical activity behavior and health outcomes. Promotion of physical literacy is an important element for physical activity participation and physical fitness of children and adolescents, and to reduce the public health burden caused by physical inactivity.

Objective: Physical literacy is the breakthrough point and fundamental goal to achieve the integration of sports and education, sports and public health and expand the function of physical education. Studying the children and adolescents physical literacy is a common responsibility for children and adolescents health, sports and health education workers. This article was based on the latest research evidence and expert opinions in China, aiming to develop the core items of physical literacy guidelines for Chinese children and adolescents. Methods: This article systematically combed the dimensions and index system of children and adolescents physical literacy through systematic literature review. After five rounds of Delphi methods, the core items were extracted. Results: The core items included four interrelated dimensions of body, emotion, behavior, and cognition, which were specifically composed of four components: physical ability, emotional experience, physical activity related behaviors, and knowledge understanding and application ability. Conclusion Children and adolescents are the key periods, sensitive periods, and window periods to cultivate physical literacy. The core items can provide framework recommendations for further refining guidelines. More empirical studies should be carried out in the future, in order to accumulate enough evidences and further to improve Physical Literacy guidelines, better to guide physical literacy promotion.