Objective: To compare the effects of different types of strength training on upper limbs’ body composition and maximum strength and bone density of male university students, so as to provide a reference for college students to choose reasonable resistance training methods. Methods: Forty-two male university students were randomly divided into three experimental groups: maximum-strength group, MS(n=12); speed-strength group, SS(n=15); strength-endurance group, SE(n=15). All subjects were subject to resistance training for 6 weeks, twice a week. Incremental load method was used to determine the maximum strength of the subject to develop a training program. Upper limbs’ Body Composition and BMD were performed by Dual energy X-ray absorptionmetry. Results: After the continuous training for 6 weeks, maximum strength of upper limbs increased significantly with training time，SE grows faster[(51.00±4.81)(67.20±5.66)(76.87±6.21)kg]; The body fat percentage of SS group and SE group decreased significantly[(13.50±4.10)%，(12.60±2.80)%；(13.70±3.80)%，(12.70±3.10)%](t=2.35，2.30，P<0.05), while LM of upper limb increased significantly[(5.19±0.59)(5.86±0.61)；(5.27±0.72)(6.21±0.59)kg](t=-2.48，-2.94，P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the body fat percentage and LM of upper limb between MS group[(14.0±3.3)%，(13.6±2.3)%] and SE group[(5.33±0.81)(5.41±0.79)kg](t=0.31，-0.22，P>0.05); BMC and BMD of upper limbs increased in all groups, but the increase of SS group and SE group was statistically significant(t=-3.07，-2.43，P<0.05). Conclusion Strength endurance resistance training for male college students can effectively promote muscle strength growth, increase bone density and improve upper limb composition.