No abstract available.
Atrial Fibrillation ; LEOPARD Syndrome* ; Panthera*

Supernunmerary nipple is a developmental anomaly occuring alon, the course of the embryological milk lines. This entity has receieved little attention in the dermatologic literature and has been confused with a pigmented nevus in some cases. We have experienced two ease of the more unusual form of supern umerary nipple. According to the Kajavas classification, our caes are classified as polithelia pilosa and complete breast with nipple
Breast ; Classification ; LEOPARD Syndrome* ; Milk ; Nevus, Pigmented ; Nipples

LEOPARD syndrome is an autosomal dominant inherited disease with multiple congenital anomalies. LEOPARD is an acronym for Lentigines, Electrocardiographic conduction defects, Ocular hypertelorism, Pulmonary stenosis, Abnormalities of the genitalia, Retardation of growth, and Deafness. The disorder is caused by mutations in the PTPN11 gene or RAF1 gene. Here we report two typical cases of LEOPARD syndrome with lentigines, electrocardiograph abnormality, ocular hypertelorism which were proven to be the results of genetic mutations. Moreover, one 12-year-old boy showed growth retardation, deficiency in testosterone; the other 5-year-old girl had undergone implantation of a cochlear device and was diagnosed as having hypertrophic cardiomyopathy which has been managed with a beta blocker. Each patient showed a PTPN11 gene mutation: Thr468Met in exon 12 and Tyr279Cys in exon 7, respectively.
Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic ; Deafness ; Electrocardiography ; Exons ; Genitalia ; Humans ; Hypertelorism ; Lentigo ; LEOPARD Syndrome ; Panthera ; Pulmonary Valve Stenosis

LEOPARD multiple congenital anomaly syndrome inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. LEOPARD is an acronym for Lentigines, Eletrocardiographic conduction defects, Ocular hypertelorism, Pulmonary valve stenosis, Abnormalities of the genitalia, Retardation of growth, and Deafness. Clinical diagnosis is primarily based on multiple lentigines, typical facial features, and the presence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and/or cafe-au-lait macules. We report a typical case of LEOPARD syndrome with PTPN11 gene mutation associated with lentigines, electrocardiograph abnormality, ocular hypertelorism, pulmonary valve stenosis, growth retardation, and sensorineural hearing loss.
Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic ; Deafness ; Electrocardiography ; Genitalia ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; Hypertelorism ; Lentigo ; LEOPARD Syndrome ; Panthera ; Pulmonary Valve Stenosis

We report a case of multiple leatiginea syndrome in an 8 year old boy. He had numeroua lentigines acattered over his face, trunk, buttock and thlghe, and eome larger black macular leeians on the trunk and thighs. Gn phyaiaal examinatlon, he wae well developed but he had ocular hyperteloriem. Chest roentgenogram showed hypertrophy of both ventricles. Electrocardiogram and audiogram revealed conduction defects and severe sensorineural deafness, reepectively. Blopsy af dark brown lesion from the back showed the histopathologlc pattern of lentigo.
Buttocks ; Child ; Deafness ; Electrocardiography ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Lentigo ; LEOPARD Syndrome* ; Male ; Thigh ; Thorax

Leopard syndrome, a feature of a syndrome, is a acronym of Lentiginosis, Electrocardiographic conduction abnormalities, Ocular hypertelorism, Pulmonic stenosis, Abnormal genitalia, Retardation of growth, and Deafness. It is one of the autosomal dominant neurocutaneous traits accompanied by neurologic abnormality. We have experienced a case of Leopoard syndrome associated with 46,XX pure gonadal dysgenesis, which was diagnosed by laparoscopic biopsy, karyotyping, and dermatologic consultation. So we report this case with a brief review of literatures. In our knowledge, this very rare case is presented for the first time in Korea.
Biopsy ; Deafness ; Electrocardiography ; Genitalia ; Gonadal Dysgenesis* ; Gonads* ; Hypertelorism ; Karyotyping ; Korea ; Lentigo ; LEOPARD Syndrome* ; Panthera* ; Pulmonary Valve Stenosis

LEOPARD syndrome is an autosomal dominantly inherited multiple congenital anomaly syndrome with high penetrance and a markedly variable expression. LEOPARD is an acronym of lentigines, electrocardiographic conduction defects, ocular hypertelorism, pulmonary stenosis, abnormalities of the genitalia, retardation of growth, and deafness. We report a typical case of LEOPARD syndrome which developed in an 11-year-old girl who had symptoms of lentigines, EKG abnormality, ocular hypertelorism, pulmonary stenosis, growth retardation, and sensorineural hearing loss.
Child ; Deafness ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Genitalia ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; Humans ; Hypertelorism ; Lentigo ; LEOPARD Syndrome* ; Panthera* ; Penetrance ; Pulmonary Valve Stenosis

Hearing loss (HL) is one of the most frequent clinical manifestations of patients who suffer with multi-systemic genetic disorders. HL in association with other physical stigmata is referred to as a syndromic form of HL. LEOPARD syndrome (LS) is one of the disorders with syndromic HL and it is caused by a mutation in the PTPN11 or RAF1 gene. In general, 5 year old children who undergo cochlear implantation usually show a marked change in behavior regarding sound detection within the first 6 months of implant use, but word identification may not be exhibited for at least another 6-12 months of implant use. We herein report on a 5-year-old girl with LS. Her clinical manifestations including bilateral sensorineural HL, which indicated the diagnosis of LS. We confirmed the diagnosis by identifying a disease-causing mutation in the PTPN11 gene, which was a heterozygous missense mutation Ala461Thr (c.1381G>A). She underwent cochlear implantation (CI) without complications and she is currently on regular follow-up at postoperative 1 year. This is the first reported case of CI in a patient with LS in the medical literature.
Child ; Christianity ; Cochlear Implantation ; Cochlear Implants ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hearing ; Hearing Loss ; Humans ; LEOPARD Syndrome ; Mutation, Missense ; Panthera

Multiple lentigines syndrome is characterized by the presence of numerous dark brown macules on the skin but not mucous surfaces and known also by the mnemvnic "LEOPARD syndrome" are, besides the lentigines, electrocardiographic conduction defect, ocular hypertelorism, pulmonary stenosis, abnormalities of the genitalia consisting of gonadal or ovarian hypoplasia, retardation of growth, deafness and inherited by autosomal dominant trait. We experienced a case of multipIe lentigine syrrdrome in 20-year old woman. She had numerous pinhead to pea sized, dark brownish macules on the entire body skin a,nd had no associated anomalies of other organ. On laboratory examinations including the CBC, urinalysis., chest X-ray, EKG; EEG, Hormone assay was all normal except for the slight anemic finding. On histologic examina,tion of biopsied macular skin showed a slight elongation of rete ri.dges, an increase in the concentration of melanocyte in the basal layer and mild inflammatory infiltration in the upper dermis. Treatment was done by cryotherapy on the face with marked improvement.
Cryotherapy ; Deafness ; Dermis ; Electrocardiography ; Electroencephalography ; Female ; Genitalia ; Gonads ; Humans ; Hypertelorism ; Lentigo ; LEOPARD Syndrome* ; Melanocytes ; Peas ; Pulmonary Valve Stenosis ; Skin ; Thorax ; Urinalysis ; Young Adult

Multiple lentigines syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder of variable penetrance and expressivity. LEOPARD has been used to describe the main features of the syndrome, including lentigines, electrocardiographic abnormalities, ocular hypertelorism, pulmonary stenosis, abnormalities of genitalia, retardation of growth and deafness. We describe a case of multiple lentigines syndrome with a family history of multiple lentigines. A 15-year-old boy presented with multiple brown macules and patches on the whole body, which had developed since the age of 3. He also had hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, EKG abnormalities and retarded growth. His maternal grandfather, maternal uncle and mother also presented with multiple brown macules scattered over the body. The biopsy specimen taken from the macule revealed elongated rete ridges, increased melanin deposition and increased number of melanocytes.
Adolescent ; Biopsy ; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic ; Deafness ; Electrocardiography ; Genitalia ; Humans ; Hypertelorism ; Lentigo* ; LEOPARD Syndrome ; Male ; Melanins ; Melanocytes ; Mothers ; Panthera ; Penetrance ; Pulmonary Valve Stenosis