China ; Fluorine ; analysis ; toxicity ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; mortality ; Water Supply ; analysis

This is a report of a patient who was diagnosed with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) last 2007 and was given a standard chemotherapeutic regimen of anthracycline, all-trans-retinoic acid and methotrexate. The patient completed treatment and recovered. Twelve years after chemotherapy, the patient was diagnosed to have renal tumor. The patient presented with intermittent episodes of non-bothersome flank pain. He was managed as a case of renal newgrowth, left, stage II (cT2bN0M0), which was eventually found to have intermediate grade, round cell sarcoma not further classified of the kidney. Immunohistochemical studies and literature review point to a newly classified subtype of sarcoma or a primitive neuroectodermal tumor, both of which are rarely found presenting in the kidneys.

We here report an atypical case of small bowel obstruction ten days following repair of an inguinal hernia that had been recurrently reduced. A preoperative diagnosis of this rare intestinal stenosis of Garré is difficult, and was based on the clinical, operative and pathological findings. Forced reduction of a hernia is not recommended because of the risk of rendering its contents ischaemic with subsequent fibrotic stenosis, or reducing a strangulated bowel into the abdominal cavity with subsequent perforation and peritonitis.

OBJECTIVE: Urolithiasis, a common problem in medicine, poses a significant burden with prevalenceof 1-15%. Potassium citrate therapy has become one of the cornerstones of medical stone managementwith hypocitraturia being the most common metabolic problem in stone formers. The authorsdetermined the effects of potassium citrate on urinary metabolic profiles and its impact on stoneburden among Filipino stone formers. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This is a prospective, cohort study in patients seen at the UST Hospital between2016 and 2018. Twenty-four hour urine citrate levels, stone sizes and urine pH pre-therapy and post-therapy were analyzed. RESULTS: Significant changes in urinary citrate, pH and stone sizes were noted as soon as 3 months afterthe onset of therapy. These changes included increase in urinary pH (6.1 to 6.7; p=0.001), increase inurinary citrate (109.1 to 253.4mg/day; p<0.001) and decrease in stone size (0.56 to 0.37cm; p=0.037).The changes in the urine citrate and the changes in the stone size were not correlated using the Pearsoncorrelation scatter plot. CONCLUSION Potassium citrate therapy provides a significant alkali and citraturic treatment among Filipino stone formers. However, there is no significant correlation between changes in stone size and changes in urine citrate level.

Purpose: The document outlines the preferred methods for collecting blood from laboratory animals and blood collection volume and frequency limits. Blood collection for experimental purposes must comply with researchers of the Drug research institute (DRI) approved protocol, including approved collection techniques, volumes, and frequencies. The Department of Pharmacology researchers train investigators in various collection techniques. The researcher may collect blood for veterinary care purposes using accepted clinical techniques ensuring volumes collected do not adversely affect animal health. Blood Collection Limits: The DRI limits one time survival blood collection to 7.5% of an animal’s blood volume in most circumstances. Serial blood sampling limit vary by species, strain and frequency of blood collection. The DRI may require monitoring for anemia (using assays such as hematocrit and/or serum protein levels) when repeated collection of larger volumes are required. Blood collected for diagnostics or other veterinary procedures must be considered when evaluating total volume available for experimental use. In all cases blood collection volumes should be limited to the minimum volume that will allow for successful experimentation or diagnostics.

Purpose: The document outlines the preferred methods for collecting blood from laboratory animals and blood collection volume and frequency limits. Blood collection for experimental purposes must comply with researchers of the Drug research institute (DRI) approved protocol, including approved collection techniques, volumes, and frequencies. The Department of Pharmacology researchers train investigators in various collection techniques. The researcher may collect blood for veterinary care purposes using accepted clinical techniques ensuring volumes collected do not adversely affect animal health.Blood Collection Limits: The DRI limits one time survival blood collection to 7.5% of an animal’s blood volume in most circumstances. Serial blood sampling limit vary by species, strain and frequency of blood collection. The DRI may require monitoring for anemia (using assays such as hematocrit and/or serum protein levels) when repeated collection of larger volumes are required. Blood collected for diagnostics or other veterinary procedures must be considered when evaluating total volume available for experimental use. In all cases blood collection volumes should be limited to the minimum volume that will allow for successful experimentation or diagnostics.

PURPOSE:To determine the outcomes of acute angle closure glaucoma management. METHODOLOGY:Case-control study using computer-aided imaging as a screening test in a given population. RESULTS:There is a wide variability in cup and disc areas among g normals CONCLUSION:C:D alone has a poor predictive value for diagnosing glaucoma.Optic disc size with C:D is just as sensitive and specific in screening for glaucoma.Cup and disc areas are positively correlated for normal and glaucoma suspects.
Human ; GLAUCOMA ;

?Iodine-131 (I-131) whole body scan is a procedure routinely done after radioactive iodine therapy. It helps detect presence of functioning thyroid tissue remnants in the neck, as well as distant metastases. However, not all that take up I-131 are of thyroidal origin. Our patient is a 74-year-old woman with recurrent papillary thyroid carcinoma, who underwent a repeat radioactive iodine therapy (RAIT). Her post-RAIT whole body scan showed an unusual iodine-avid focus in the transverse colon which was later confirmed to be another primary malignancy of colonic origin through colonoscopy with biopsy, as well as post-surgical histopathology. This case report distinctively demonstrates uptake of I-131 in extra-thyroidal malignancy. It also emphasizes the importance of evaluating carefully any irregular-looking focal iodine uptake in areas with seemingly physiologic activity on a routine I-131 whole body-scan.

Human ; Female ; Aged ; Whole Body Imaging ; Thyroid cancer, papillary-Recurrence ; Carcinoma

Rectal tumor height has been observed to increase after complete mobilization.
OBJECTIVES: 1.) to measure tumor height in resectable rectal cancers before and after complete mobilization, 2.) to describe changes in tumor height measurements at different levels of the rectum, and 3.) to determine the probability of a two centimeter increase in tumor height after mobilization in low rectal cancers.
METHODS: Prospective cross-sectional series including all resectable rectal cancer treated at our hospital from January to December, 2003. Proctoscopy measurements of rectal tumor height after induction of anesthesia were compared to measurements done after complete rectal mobilization. Logistic curve fitting was used to calculate the probability of a two centimeter increase in tumor height for low rectal cancers after complete mobilization.
RESULTS: In the 12-month period, 37 patients with adenocarcinoma of the rectum were seen. Ages of patients ranged from 26 to 86, with mean age of 57.8 years. Thirty-three patients had resectable rectal cancer. Tumor height ranged from zero to 11 cm, with mean height of 5.7 cm. After complete mobilization, tumor height increased in 50 percent of upper rectal cancers, 92 percent of mid-rectal cancers, and 32 percent of low rectal cancers. Logistic curve fitting showed probability of a two-centimeter increase in tumor height was 52 percent at seven centimeters, 40 percent at six centimeters, 28 percent at five centimeters, and 19 percent at four centimeters.
DISCUSSION: The decision to perform APR for low rectal cancers must not be based solely in pre-operative tumor height measurements since pre-operative measurements of rectal tumor height can increase when the rectum is completely mobilized.

Human ; Proctoscopy ; Rectumrectal Neoplasms ; Adenocarcinoma ; Anesthesiology ; Anesthesia ; Probability

The American Joint Committee on Cancer presently recommends obtaining at least seven to 14 lymph nodes in radical colon and rectum resections.
OBJECTIVES: 1.) To determine the number of lymph nodes recovered in our rectal cancer resection specimens, and 2.) to compare the number of our lymph node harvest with current international recommendations.
METHODS: Records of patients who underwent resection for adenocarcinoma of the rectum from 2001 to 2002 were reviewed. From the final pathology report, the number of lymph nodes recovered per specimen was described. This was correlated with the depth of tumor penetration (T) and the intra-operative staging of nodal status (N) by the surgeon.
RESULTS: Forty-seven patients underwent resection for adenocarcinoma of the rectum. Ages of patients ranged from 21 to 74 years, with a mean of 52 years. The lymph nodes recovered from the specimens ranged from zero to 15, with an average of 3.1 nodes per specimen. T4 tumors had the highest average rate of lymph node recovery at four nodes per specimen. In 16 patients, metastasis to regional lymph nodes were identified (16/47 or 34 percent node positive). The range of nodes recovered in node positive patients ranged from one to 15, with an average of six nodes. Thirty-one patients were node negative (31/47 or 66 percent). The average nodes recovered per specimen in this group was 1.8, ranging from zero to 12.
SUMMARY: From our review, almost 90 percent of our reports did not meet the minimum standard of recovering at least seven lymph nodes in rectal cancer resection specimens. In 94 percent of node negative patients, no sound therapeutic plans could be made due to inadequate lymph node harvest.

Human ; Male ; Female ; Aged ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Rectum ; Lymph Nodes ; Rectal Neoplasms ; Adenocarcinoma ; Colon ; Lymph Node Excision ; Surgeons