Objective To observe the growth characters of upper gastrointectinal tract leiomyoma. Methods Using endoscopic ultrasonography to detect leiomyoma of upper gastrointestinal tract leiomyoma in 18 cases once every 6 months on follow-up , and to measure the longest diameter ( A mm) and calculate its growth rate per month. Results In this series,the majority of cases have the leiomyoma of longest diameter(A) 10～20mm. Their growth rates in A≤10mm, 10mm

AIM: To investigate the effect of amyloid ? on the expres sion of kines in superfamily(KIF) genes in hippocampus of SD rats. METHODS: Th e model of Alzheimer's disease was established by injection of amyloid ? to bra in ventricle of rats. The learning impairment was verified by water maze test. The levels of mR NA for five kinesin superfamily genes, KIF1A, KIF2, KIF3A, KIF4, and KIF5A, in h ippocampus of rats, were estimated by RT-PCR. RESULTS: Two weeks after amyloid ? injection, the rats showed significant learning impairments. I n happocampus, the expression of KIF genes increased after amyloid ? injection. CONCLUSION: The increase in KIF gene expression may reflect th e excitotoxity of amyloid ? to neurons.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Dysgerminoma ; etiology ; genetics ; Female ; Gonadal Dysgenesis ; genetics ; Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XY ; genetics ; Humans ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; genetics

Objective Serum pharmacochemistry was performed to screen the bioactive constituents of Resina Draconis.Methods Based on HPLC fingerprints of Resina Draconis,the migrating constituents absorbed into blood were determined by comparing the HPLC fingerprints of extraction of Resina Draconis(ERB),herb serum sample,and control serum sample,and with the help of LC-MS/MS.Results Six compounds absorbed into blood were detected,five of them were original in form which were 3,4′-dihydroxy-5-methoxystilbene,cochinchinenin B,4′-hydroxy-4,2′-dimethoxy-dihydrochalcone(a new compound),cochinchinenin A,and loureirin B,respectively.The other might be the original constituent or the metabolite.Conclusion The six constituents absorbed into blood are possible bioactive components of Resina Draconis in vivo.Further research will help clarify the bioactive constituents and mechanisms of Resina Draconis.

AIM: To study the absorption performance and purification process of total flavones from Bushen Recipe(Radix polygoni multiflori;Herba epimedii;Rhizoma drynariae;etc) with macroporous resin. METHODS: The contents of total flavones,icariin,tetrahydroxystilbene and naringin were worked as indexes,the adsorptive capacity of D101,DA201 and DM301 resins were investigated,and the static adsorption curve,dynamic leakage curve and elution curve were used for the selection of macroporous resin. RESULTS: The elution parameters of selected DM301 consisted of the 0.25 BV/h feed rate solution ratio of 4 BV water to elute resin and 4 BV 70% alcohol to be collected as elution solvent,and the elution rate of 2.4 BV/h was established. CONCLUSION: Macroporous resin method is a better candidate method for purifying flavones in Bushen Recipe.

Objective To observe the localization and distribution of follicle stimulating hormone receptor(FSHR) in the rat submandibular gland and stomach. Methods Immunohistochemical SABC method was used in the experiment. Results The serous glandular cells,granular convoluted epithelial cells and all other duct epithelial cells in the submandibular gland and the parietal cells of gastric gland showed FSHR positive immunoreactivity.The positive substance was distributed in the cytoplasm with negative nuclei.Conclusion The function of rat submandibular gland and gastric gland might be regulated by follicle stimulating hormone(FSH) through FSHR.

China has launched a general practice (GP)-orientated primary care reform in 2009 to develop a more productive, coordinated, and cost-effective system to maintain and improve the health and wellbeing of one-fifth of the world population. The restructure of the health care system with a focus on primary care requires practitioners working on GP as gatekeepers for service delivery that is responsive to the needs of people. It is particularly prioritised to establish a sound education and training system to ensure that the competencies of practitioners are aligned with local health care needs. This article aims to provide a brief review of the development of GP, including exemplary model of education and training currently implemented in southern China, as well as the challenges to be addressed in the next step. There is a shortage of well-trained and qualified general practitioners in China where more than half of the licensed clinicians in primary care are educated below the undergraduate level. Although there is a stepwise increase in recognition that the capacity of GP is pivotal to the success of primary care development in China, challenges coming from resource restriction, rural and urban disparity, social attitude, and community involvement are highlighted as major bottlenecks that currently hinder the rapid development of GP in China. Supportive policy and guidelines are necessary to build up strong GP recognition and ensure adequate resources to underpin a robust primary care system to deliver affordable and effective health care services for the world’s largest population. It might share some similar experiences with other countries that are struggling to develop a GP-based primary care system.
education ; General Practice ; Health Care Reform ; China

AIM:To investigate the effect of Ginkgo biloba extract(EGb761) on cell proliferation and expression of transforming growth factor ?1(TGF-?1) and connective tissue growth factor(CTGF) in rat hepatic stellate cells(HSC-T6).METHODS:HSC-T6 was cultured with EGb761 at concentration of 1,10,100 and 500 mg/L,and without EGb761 as blank control.MTT colorimetric assay was used for detecting the proliferation of HSCs and flow cytometry was used for observing the cell cycles of HSCs under different concentrations of EGb761.The expression of TGF-?1/CTGF mRNA and protein levels were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and Western blotting after 24 hours and 48 hours.RESULTS:EGb761 inhibited the proliferation of HSCs at the concentration of 10 mg/L,100 mg/L and 500 mg/L.G0/G1 stage was increased(P

AIM: To investigated the effect of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) on the expression of kinesin superfamily (KIF) genes in striatum and substantia nigra in C57BL mice. METHODS: The Parkinson's disease model was established by consecutive administration of MPTP to C57BL mice. The levels of mRNA for five kinesin superfamily genes, KIF1A, KIF2, KIF3A, KIF4, and KIF5A, in striatum and substantia nigra of mice, were estimated by RT-PCR. RESULTS: In substantia nigra, the expression of KIF genes were decreased after MPTP treatment except KIF2 that showed no significant change. However, the expression of KIF1A, KIF3A and KIF4 were increased in striatum after MPTP treatment, while the expression of KIF2 and KIF5A were similar to that in substantia nigra. CONCLUSION: The lose of dopaminergic neurons in nigrostriatal pathway after MPTP treatment may be related to the expression of KIF genes. [

Objective To discuss diagnostic classification and emergency treatment protocols for complex pelvic fractures. Methods The first aid management of 23 cases of major pelvic fractures were analyzed retrospectively. Results 22 of the patients survived, but one died of hemorrhagic shock.Conclusions Correct classification of severe pelvic fractures is of guidance value to the first aid management. Cooperation among multiple departments, comprehensive application of various surgical methods, early stabilization of hemodynamics, rapid repair of injured organs, stabilization of pelvic ring with external fixator are effective techniques to enhance the survival rate of patients with severe pelvic fractures.